{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:38:14Z","timestamp":1792636694660,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Peptides"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T22:24:38Z","timestamp":1675117478000},"page":"170961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Optogenetics studies of kisspeptin neurons"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Deyana","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin T.","family":"O\u2019Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2019.00466","article-title":"Optogenetics: background, methodological advances and potential applications for cardiovascular research and medicine","volume":"7","author":"Joshi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2018.01.022","article-title":"Optogenetics and chemogenetics","volume":"603","author":"Vlasov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyv079","article-title":"Making sense of optogenetics","volume":"18","author":"Guru","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4094","article-title":"Optogenetics and the future of neuroscience","volume":"18","author":"Boyden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1021\/cn300065j","article-title":"In vivo application of optogenetics for neural circuit analysis","volume":"3","author":"Han","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3078","article-title":"A toolbox of Cre-dependent optogenetic transgenic mice for light-induced activation and silencing","volume":"15","author":"Madisen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-59426-6.00010-0","article-title":"Mouse transgenic approaches in optogenetics","volume":"196","author":"Zeng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01181-3","article-title":"Application of optogenetics and in vivo imaging approaches for elucidating the neurobiology of addiction","volume":"27","author":"Vickstrom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5752","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0961","article-title":"Kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the ewe express both dynorphin A and neurokinin B","volume":"148","author":"Goodman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409822102","article-title":"Increased hypothalamic GPR54 signaling: a potential mechanism for initiation of puberty in primates","volume":"102","author":"Shahab","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6609","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1468","article-title":"Kisspeptin-54 stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis in human males","volume":"90","author":"Dhillo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12179","article-title":"A single injection of kisspeptin-54 temporarily increases luteinizing hormone pulsatility in healthy women","volume":"79","author":"Jayasena","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3075","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI71075","article-title":"Impaired kisspeptin signaling decreases metabolism and promotes glucose intolerance and obesity","volume":"124","author":"Tolson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R124","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-20-0068","article-title":"Novel insights into the metabolic action of Kiss1 neurons","volume":"9","author":"Talbi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr. Connect."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqab253","article-title":"Hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons and the control of homeostasis","volume":"163","author":"R\u00f8nnekleiv","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.06.037","article-title":"A neural circuit underlying the generation of hot flushes","volume":"24","author":"Padilla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10972","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1834399100","article-title":"Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to loss of function of the KiSS1-derived peptide receptor GPR54","volume":"100","author":"De Roux","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035322","article-title":"The GPR54 gene as a regulator of puberty","volume":"349","author":"Seminara","year":"2003","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12435","article-title":"Visualisation of Kiss1 neurone distribution using a Kiss1-CRE transgenic mouse","volume":"28","author":"Yeo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51201-0","article-title":"Kisspeptin\/neurokinin B\/dynorphin (KNDy) cells as integrators of diverse internal and external cues: evidence from viral-based monosynaptic tract-tracing in mice","volume":"9","author":"Moore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2009.01892.x","article-title":"Distribution of kisspeptin neurones in the adult female mouse brain","volume":"21","author":"Clarkson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.16246","article-title":"High-frequency stimulation-induced peptide release synchronizes arcuate kisspeptin neurons and excites GnRH neurons","volume":"5","author":"Qiu","year":"2016","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9738","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0828-19.2019","article-title":"The origin of GnRH pulse generation: an integrative mathematical-experimental approach","volume":"39","author":"Voliotis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10216","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1713897114","article-title":"Definition of the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator in mice","volume":"114","author":"Clarkson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib25","first-page":"10","article-title":"Modulation of pulsatile GnRH dynamics across the ovarian cycle via changes in the network excitability and basal activity of the arcuate kisspeptin network","author":"Voliotis","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13081","article-title":"The roles of kisspeptin and neurokinin B in GnRH pulse generation in humans, and their potential clinical application","volume":"34","author":"Anderson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E953","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1569","article-title":"Increasing LH pulsatility in women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea using intravenous infusion of Kisspeptin-54","volume":"99","author":"Jayasena","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.2016.1124858","article-title":"Kisspeptin as a therapeutic target in reproduction","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Targets"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8691","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1775-08.2008","article-title":"Kisspeptin-GPR54 signaling is essential for preovulatory gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron activation and the luteinizing hormone surge","volume":"28","author":"Clarkson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2582","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1131","article-title":"Conditional viral tract tracing delineates the projections of the distinct kisspeptin neuron populations to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the mouse","volume":"156","author":"Yip","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6310","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0658-18.2018","article-title":"Dominant neuropeptide cotransmission in kisspeptin-GABA regulation of GnRH neuron firing driving ovulation","volume":"38","author":"Piet","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1651","article-title":"The integrated hypothalamic tachykinin-kisspeptin system as a central coordinator for reproduction","volume":"156","author":"Navarro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9688","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0622-21.2021","article-title":"Deletion of Stim1 in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus Kiss1 neurons potentiates synchronous GCaMP activity and protects against diet-induced obesity","volume":"41","author":"Qiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1671","article-title":"Specialized subpopulations of kisspeptin neurons communicate with GnRH neurons in female mice","volume":"156","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5759-10.2011","article-title":"Frequency-dependent recruitment of fast amino acid and slow neuropeptide neurotransmitter release controls gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron excitability","volume":"31","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2016-1026","article-title":"Optogenetic stimulation of arcuate nucleus Kiss1 neurons reveals a steroid-dependent glutamatergic input to POMC and AgRP neurons in male mice","volume":"30","author":"Nestor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-6199-9_3","article-title":"Neuroanatomy of the kisspeptin signaling system in mammals: comparative and developmental aspects","volume":"784","author":"Lehman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.35656","article-title":"Estrogenic-dependent glutamatergic neurotransmission from kisspeptin neurons governs feeding circuits in females","volume":"7","author":"Qiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0093-21.2021","article-title":"Arcuate and preoptic kisspeptin neurons exhibit differential projections to hypothalamic nuclei and exert opposite postsynaptic effects on hypothalamic paraventricular and dorsomedial nuclei in the female mouse","volume":"8","author":"Stincic","year":"2021","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2009.264","article-title":"Circadian timing of food intake contributes to weight gain","volume":"17","author":"Arble","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.01.005","article-title":"Hypothalamic circuits for predation and evasion","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4011","article-title":"A neural basis for melanocortin-4 receptor-regulated appetite","volume":"18","author":"Garfield","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2014.07.008","article-title":"Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus are key regulators of energy expenditure and body weight, but not food intake","volume":"3","author":"Rezai-Zadeh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13109","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1512243112","article-title":"Selective optogenetic activation of arcuate kisspeptin neurons generates pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion","volume":"112","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.07.016","article-title":"What optogenetic stimulation is telling us (and failing to tell us) about fast neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in brain circuits for wake-sleep regulation","volume":"0","author":"Arrigoni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2117767119","article-title":"In vivo imaging of the GnRH pulse generator reveals a temporal order of neuronal activation and synchronization during each pulse","volume":"119","author":"Moore","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4794","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1351","article-title":"Pulse and surge profiles of luteinizing hormone secretion in the mouse","volume":"157","author":"Czieselsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqz045","article-title":"Neural determinants of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in male mice","volume":"161","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib49","series-title":"The Physiology of Reproduction","first-page":"1621","article-title":"Role of classic and peptide neuromodulators in the neuroendocrine regulation of luteinizing hormone and prolactin","author":"Kordon","year":"1994"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib50","first-page":"507","article-title":"Mandatory neuropeptide-steroid signaling for the preovulatory luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone discharge","volume":"14","author":"Kalra","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0760709","article-title":"Ovarian steroid involvement in endogenous opioid modulation of LH secretion in seasonally anoestrous mature ewes","volume":"76","author":"Brooks","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.775233","article-title":"Optogenetic activation of arcuate kisspeptin neurons generates a luteinizing hormone surge-like secretion in an estradiol-dependent manner","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1225","article-title":"Kisspeptin is essential for the full preovulatory LH surge and stimulates GnRH release from the isolated ovine median eminence","volume":"152","author":"Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2990","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2019-00597","article-title":"Evidence that the LH surge in ewes involves both neurokinin B-dependent and -independent actions of kisspeptin","volume":"160","author":"Goodman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"9348","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11774-0","article-title":"Hot flushes","volume":"360","author":"Stearns","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4408","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1126\/science.462193","article-title":"Menopausal flushes: a neuroendocrine link with pulsatile luteninizing hormone secreation","volume":"205","author":"Casper","year":"1979","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-128-5-2239","article-title":"Hypertrophy and increased gene expression of neurons containing neurokinin-B and substance-P messenger ribonucleic acids in the hypothalami of postmenopausal women","volume":"128","author":"Rance","year":"1991","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2744","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0553","article-title":"Hypertrophy and increased kisspeptin gene expression in the hypothalamic infundibular nucleus of postmenopausal women and ovariectomized monkeys","volume":"92","author":"Rometo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2864","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1463","article-title":"Hypothalamic expression of KiSS-1 system and gonadotropin-releasing effects of kisspeptin in different reproductive states of the female Rat","volume":"147","author":"Roa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3686","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0488","article-title":"Regulation of Kiss1 gene expression in the brain of the female mouse","volume":"146","author":"Smith","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.06.037","article-title":"A neural circuit underlying the generation of hot flushes","volume":"24","author":"Padilla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"10081","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30823-1","article-title":"Neurokinin 3 receptor antagonism as a novel treatment for menopausal hot flushes: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"389","author":"Prague","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2018-00934","article-title":"Glutamatergic neurokinin 3 receptor neurons in the median preoptic nucleus modulate heat-defense pathways in female mice","volume":"160","author":"Krajewski-Hall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4894","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-1492","article-title":"Activation of neurokinin 3 receptors in the median preoptic nucleus decreases core temperature in the rat","volume":"152","author":"Dacks","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6687","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1618-06.2006","article-title":"Kiss1 neurons in the forebrain as central processors for generating the preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge","volume":"26","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.11.022","article-title":"Characterization of Kiss1 neurons using transgenic mouse models","volume":"173","author":"Cravo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14533","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1776-15.2015","article-title":"Expression of ESR1 in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons is essential for normal puberty onset, estrogen feedback, and fertility in female mice","volume":"35","author":"Cheong","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02797-2","article-title":"Female sexual behavior in mice is controlled by kisspeptin neurons","volume":"9","author":"Hellier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.928143","article-title":"Current perspectives on kisspeptins role in behaviour","volume":"13","author":"Mills","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1498","article-title":"Regulation of Kiss1 expression by sex steroids in the amygdala of the rat and mouse","volume":"152","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12823","article-title":"Optogenetic stimulation of kisspeptin neurones within the posterodorsal medial amygdala increases luteinising hormone pulse frequency in female mice","volume":"32","author":"Lass","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213927","article-title":"Mapping neuronal inputs to Kiss1 neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the mouse","volume":"14","author":"Yeo","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bqac197","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqac197","article-title":"GABA signaling in the posterodorsal medial amygdala mediates stress-induced suppression of LH pulsatility in female mice","volume":"164","author":"McIntyre","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13207","article-title":"GnRH pulse generator frequency is modulated by kisspeptin and GABA-glutamate interactions in the posterodorsal medial amygdala in female mice","author":"Lass","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1159\/000445895","article-title":"Amygdala kisspeptin neurons: putative mediators of olfactory control of the gonadotropic axis","volume":"104","author":"Pineda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4021","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1431","article-title":"Estrogen stimulation of Kiss1 expression in the medial amygdala involves estrogen receptor-\u03b1 but not estrogen receptor-\u03b2","volume":"157","author":"Stephens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3111","article-title":"Optogenetics: the age of light","volume":"11","author":"H\u00e4usser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"7394","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11028","article-title":"Optogenetic stimulation of a hippocampal engram activates fear memory recall","volume":"484","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2996","article-title":"Targeting cells with single vectors using multiple-feature Boolean logic","volume":"11","author":"Fenno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"7338","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09820","article-title":"Amygdala circuitry mediating reversible and bidirectional control of anxiety","volume":"471","author":"Tye","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"100","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib81","first-page":"52320","article-title":"Real-time electrophysiology: using closed-loop protocols to probe neuronal dynamics and beyond","volume":"2015","author":"Linaro","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00321","article-title":"Primer to voltage imaging with ANNINE dyes and two-photon microscopy","volume":"13","author":"Kuhn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib83","first-page":"1","article-title":"Paediatric and adult-onset male hypogonadism","volume":"5","author":"Salonia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13080","article-title":"Review of human genetic and clinical studies directly relevant to GnRH signalling","volume":"34","author":"Seminara","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-820107-7.00018-5","article-title":"Kisspeptin and neurokinin B expression in the human hypothalamus: relation to reproduction and gender identity","volume":"180","author":"Bakker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12572","article-title":"Kisspeptin neurones in the posterodorsal medial amygdala modulate sexual partner preference and anxiety in male mice","volume":"30","author":"Adekunbi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-21042-4","article-title":"Altered aspects of anxiety-related behavior in kisspeptin receptor-deleted male mice","volume":"8","author":"Delmas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-00438-1","article-title":"Functions of galanin, spexin and kisspeptin in metabolism, mood and behaviour","volume":"17","author":"Mills","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."}],"container-title":["Peptides"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196978123000232?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196978123000232?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T09:34:28Z","timestamp":1759311268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196978123000232"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":88,"alternative-id":["S0196978123000232"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-9781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-9781","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Optogenetics studies of kisspeptin neurons","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Peptides","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170961","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"170961"}}