{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:55:39Z","timestamp":1788825339410,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Peptides"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T05:49:34Z","timestamp":1707112174000},"page":"171168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Duodenal enteroendocrine cells and GIP as treatment targets for obesity and type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"174","author":[{"given":"Clifford J.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter R.","family":"Flatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li Ding, Yuxin Fan, Hui Li, Yalan Zhang, Dongwang Qi, Shaofang Tang, Jingqiu Cui, Qing He, Chuanjun Zhuo, Ming Liu Comparative effectiveness of bariatric surgeries in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obesity Reviews2020;21:e13030 Obesity revs 2020, 21, 13030 First published: 14 April 2020 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/obr.13030Citations: 28.","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13030"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4567","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i32.4567","article-title":"New Era: endoscopic treatment options in obesity\u2013a paradigm shift","volume":"25","author":"Glass","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-023-05956-x","article-title":"Nauck1,2\u00b7Timo D. M\u00fcller3,4 Incretin hormones and type 2 diabetes","volume":"66","author":"Michael","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.2337\/dbi21-0026","article-title":"1 Treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity on the basis of the incretin system: The 2021 banting medal for scientific achievement award lecture","volume":"70","author":"Holst","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-1514","article-title":"1 Deciphering metabolic messages from the gut drives therapeutic innovation: the 2014 Banting Lecture","volume":"64","author":"Drucker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2008.02455.x","article-title":"Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) revisited: a new therapeutic target for obesity\u2013diabetes?","volume":"25","author":"Flatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabet. Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2710","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa327","article-title":"GIP as a therapeutic target in diabetes and obesity: insight from incretin co-agonists","volume":"105","author":"Holst","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCEM"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0351","article-title":"Roles of the gut in glucose homeostasis","volume":"39","author":"Holst","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0168-8","article-title":"Function and mechanisms of enteroendocrine cells and gut hormones in metabolism","volume":"15","author":"Gribble","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Revs Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-021-00677-w","article-title":"Role of the gut\u2013brain axis in energy and glucose metabolism","volume":"volume 54","author":"Wachsmuth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI143770","article-title":"Gut-brain communication and obesity: understanding functions of the vagus nerve","volume":"131","author":"Berthoud,1","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0897-4_7","article-title":"Gastrointestinal hormones and their targets","volume":"817","author":"Rehfeld","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13030883","article-title":"Nutrient-Induced cellular mechanisms of gut hormone secretion","volume":"13","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E819","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00159.2015","article-title":"Cholecystokinin expression in the \u03b2-cell leads to increased \u03b2-cell area in aged mice and protects from streptozotocin-induced diabetes and apoptosis","volume":"309","author":"Lavine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000448","article-title":"Gastrointestinal hormones and regulation of gastric emptying","volume":"26","author":"Camilleri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21235-y","article-title":"The metabolic impact of small intestinal nutrient sensing","volume":"volume 12","author":"Duca","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271538","article-title":"Role of the vagus nerve in the development and treatment of diet-induced obesity","author":"de Lartigue","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"issue":"Issue 10","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4965","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0153","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors expressed on nerve terminals in the portal vein mediate the effects of endogenous glp-1 on glucose tolerance in rats","volume":"Volume 148","author":"Vahl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2022.101590","article-title":"GLP-1 attenuates intestinal fat absorption and chylomicron production via vagal afferent nerves originating in the portal vein","volume":"65","author":"Hoffman,1,2","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01225454","article-title":"The Incretin Concept Today","volume":"16","author":"Creutzfeldt","year":"1979","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170276","article-title":"The early history of GIP 1969-2000: from enterogastrone to major metabolic hormone","volume":"125","author":"Marks","year":"2020","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib22","series-title":"Obesity: Current Approaches","first-page":"13","article-title":"GIP\u2014the obesity hormone","author":"Marks","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib23","article-title":"Human duodenal enteroendocrine cells: source of both incretin peptides, GLP-1 and GIP","volume":"290","author":"2Theodorakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2019.170183","article-title":"Evaluation of the incretin effect in humans using GIP and GLP-1 receptor antagonists","volume":"125","author":"Gasbjerg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-002-1028-x","article-title":"Effects of the novel (Pro3)GIP antagonist and exendin(9\u201339)amide on GIP- and GLP-1-induced cyclic AMP generation, insulin secretion and postprandial insulin release in obese diabetic (ob\/ob) mice: evidence that GIP is the major physiological incretin","volume":"46","author":"Gault","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91194-9","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 7-36: a physiological incretin in man","volume":"330","author":"Kreymann","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02427280","article-title":"Reduced incretin effect in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes","volume":"29","author":"Nauck","year":"1986","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01549.x","article-title":"Impaired incretin effect and fasting hyperglucagonaemia characterizing type 2 diabetic subjects are early signs of dysmetabolism in obesity","volume":"14","author":"Knop 1","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116186","article-title":"Preserved incretin activity of glucagonlike peptide 1 [7-36 amide] but not of synthetic human gastric inhibitory polypeptide in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"91","author":"Nauck","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib30","first-page":"912","article-title":"Additive insulinotropic effects of exogenous synthetic human gastric inhibitory polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide infused at near-physiological insulinotropic hormone and glucose concentrations","volume":"76","author":"Nauck","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1038","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00665.2010","article-title":"The separate and combined impact of the intestinal hormones, GIP, GLP-1, and GLP-2, on glucagon secretion in type 2 diabetes","volume":"300","author":"Lund","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0578","article-title":"No acute effects of exogenous glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide on energy intake, appetite, or energy expenditure when added to treatment with a Long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist in men with type 2 diabetes","volume":"43","author":"Bergmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.2337\/db17-0480","article-title":"The gluco-and liporegulatory and vasodilatory effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are abolished by an antagonist of the human GIP receptor","volume":"66","author":"Asmar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2019.170208","article-title":"The influence of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) on human adipose tissue and fat metabolism: Implications for obesity, type 2 diabetes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)","volume":"Volume 125","author":"Thondam a","year":"2020","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20020319","article-title":"Enhanced cAMP generation and insulin-releasing potency of two novel Tyr1-modified enzyme-resistant forms of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide is associated with significant antihyperglycaemic activity in spontaneous obesity-diabetes","volume":"367","author":"Gault","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)01361-5","article-title":"Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide analogues and their therapeutic potential for the treatment of obesity-diabetes","volume":"308","author":"Gault","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys. Res Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-47920-6_35","article-title":"Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP): development of DP IV-resistant analogues with therapeutic potential","volume":"524","author":"Hinke 1","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101102","article-title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes - state-of-the-art","volume":"46","author":"Nauck 1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryan A. Lafferty 1, Peter R. Flatt, Nigel Irwin Established and emerging roles peptide YY (PYY) and exploitation in obesity-diabetes. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2021a Apr 1;28(2):253\u2013261.","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000612"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryan A. Lafferty 1, Finbarr P.M. O'Harte 1, Nigel Irwin 1, Victor A. Gault 1, Peter R. Flatt 1 Proglucagon-Derived Peptides as Therapeutics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021b May 18:12:689678.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.689678"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170955","article-title":"Emerging roles of oxyntomodulin-based glucagon-like peptide-1\/glucagon co-agonist analogs in diabetes and obesity","volume":"162","author":"Zhihong a c","year":"2023","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2151","article-title":"Effects of cotadutide on metabolic and hepatic parameters in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes: a 54-week randomized phase 2b study","volume":"44","author":"Nahra,1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.12.040","article-title":"PYY plays a key role in the resolution of diabetes following bariatric surgery in humans","volume":"40","author":"Guida,a","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib44","article-title":"Xenin and related peptides: potential therapeutic role in diabetes and related metabolic disorders","volume":"14","author":"Sarah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Med Insights Endocrinol. Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2017.09.007","article-title":"Cholecystokinin (CCK) and related adjunct peptide therapies for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes","volume":"100","author":"Pathak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2019.170202","article-title":"GIP analogues and the treatment of obesity-diabetes","volume":"125","author":"Bailey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1422-8","article-title":"Evidence for beneficial effects of compromised gastric inhibitory polypeptide action in obesity-related diabetes and possible therapeutic implications","volume":"52","author":"Irwin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nigel Irwin, Ian A. Montgomery, Peter R. Flatt Evaluation of the long-term effects of gastric inhibitory polypeptide\u2013ovalbumin conjugates on insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, energy balance and cognition in high-fat-fed mice Published online by Cambridge University Press: British Journal of Nutrition, 2012, 108, 46 \u2013 56.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511005228"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2019.170203","article-title":"Blockade of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) action as a novel means of countering insulin resistance in the treatment of obesity-diabetes","volume":"125","author":"Irwin 1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib50","article-title":"The importance of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor activation for the effects of tirzepatide","author":"L\u00e6rke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib51","article-title":"GIP overexpressing mice demonstrate reduced diet-induced obesity and steatosis, and improved glucose homeostasis","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009590","article-title":"A GIP receptor agonist exhibits beta-cell anti-apoptotic actions in rat models of diabetes resulting in improved beta-cell function and glycemic control","volume":"5","author":"Widenmaier","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022814","article-title":"Postnatal development of numbers and mean sizes of pancreatic islets and beta-cells in healthy mice and GIPR(dn) transgenic diabetic mice","volume":"6","author":"Herbach","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib54","first-page":"265","article-title":"Comparison of sub-chronic metabolic effects of stable forms of naturally occurring GIP(1-30) and GIP(1-42) in high-fat fed mice","volume":"208","author":"Gault","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12181","article-title":"A novel long\u2010acting glucose\u2010dependent insulinotropic peptide analogue: enhanced efficacy in normal and diabetic rodents","volume":"16","author":"Tatarkiewicz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(99)00314-8","article-title":"GIP biology and fat metabolism.","volume":"66","author":"Yip","year":"2000","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2018.12.001","article-title":"Optimized GIP analogs promote body weight lowering in mice through GIPR agonism not antagonism","volume":"20","author":"Mroz 1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1038\/nm727","article-title":"Inhibition of gastric inhibitory polypeptide signaling prevents obesity","volume":"8","author":"Miyawaki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.8.2436","article-title":"Chemical ablation of gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor action by daily (Pro3)GIP administration improves glucose tolerance and ameliorates insulin resistance and abnormalities of islet structure in obesity-related diabetes","volume":"54","author":"Gault","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1746","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00460.2007","article-title":"GIP receptor antagonism reverses obesity, insulin resistance, and associated metabolic disturbances induced in mice by prolonged consumption of high-fat diet","volume":"293","author":"McClean 1","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-1563","article-title":"Chronic reduction of GIP secretion alleviates obesity and insulin resistance under high-fat diet conditions","volume":"63","author":"Nasteska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib62","article-title":"GIPR antagonist antibodies conjugated to GLP-1 peptide are bispecific molecules that decrease weight in obese mice and monkeys","volume":"2","author":"Lu 1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003163","article-title":"Vaccination against GIP for the treatment of obesity","volume":"3","author":"Fulurija","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1008","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00345.2015","article-title":"Gastric inhibitory polypeptide immunoneutralization attenuates development of obesity in mice","volume":"309","author":"Boylan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. - Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13323","article-title":"Species-specific action of (Pro3)GIP\u2014a full agonist at human GIP receptors, but a partial agonist and competitive antagonist at rat and mouse GIP receptors","volume":"173","author":"Sparre-Ulrich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2018.01.040","article-title":"Human GIP(3-30)NH2 inhibits G protein-dependent as well as G protein-independent signaling and is selective for the GIP receptor with high-affinity binding to primate but not rodent GIP receptors","volume":"150","author":"Gabe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2017.02.012","article-title":"GIP(3-30)NH2 is a potent competitive antagonist of the GIP receptor and effectively inhibits GIP-mediated insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin release","volume":"131","author":"Sparre-Ulrich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-1332","article-title":"GIP does not potentiate the antidiabetic effects of GLP-1 in hyperglycemic patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"60","author":"Mentis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib69","first-page":"5","article-title":"The evolving story of incretins (GIP and GLP-1) in metabolic and cardiovascular disease: A pathophysiological update","volume":"23","author":"Michael","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-008-1195-5","article-title":"Four weeks of near normalisation of blood glucose improves the insulin response to glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"52","author":"H\u00f8jberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"Issue 2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1731","article-title":"Carolyn fiona deacon, sten madsbad, Jens Juul Holst, Thure Krarup. KATP channel closure ameliorates the impaired insulinotropic effect of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"Volume 94","author":"Aaboe","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12395","article-title":"Restoration of the insulinotropic effect of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide contributes to the antidiabetic effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors","volume":"17","author":"Aaboe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.2337\/dbi21-0004","article-title":"The role of GIP in the regulation of GLP-1 satiety and nausea","volume":"70","author":"Hayes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110006","article-title":"Administration of an acylated GLP-1 and GIP preparation provides added beneficial glucose-lowering and insulinotropic actions over single incretins in mice with Type 2 diabetes and obesity","volume":"121","author":"Gault 1","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond. )"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib75","article-title":"Recent advances in incretin-based pharmacotherapies for the treatment of obesity and diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Tan 1","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-023-05929-0","article-title":"Gut hormone-based pharmacology: novel formulations and future possibilities for metabolic disease therapy","author":"Tsch\u00f6p","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-2892-2","article-title":"A DPP-IV-resistant triple-acting agonist of GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptors with potent glucose-lowering and insulinotropic actions in high-fat-fed mice","volume":"56","author":"Bhat 1","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35581","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.512046","article-title":"A novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)\/glucagon hybrid peptide with triple-acting agonist activity at glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors and therapeutic potential in high fat-fed mice","volume":"288","author":"Gault 1","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2023.2192865","article-title":"GLP-1\/GIP analogs: potential impact in the landscape of obesity pharmacotherapy","volume":"24","author":"Lafferty 1","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2018.09.009","article-title":"LY3298176, a novel dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: from discovery to clinical proof of concept","volume":"18","author":"Coskun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14831","article-title":"Tirzepatide for the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes: An endocrine perspective","volume":"25","author":"De Block 1 2","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-021-01722-w","article-title":"Metabolic surgery for type II diabetes: an update","volume":"58","author":"Gentileschi,1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"issue":"Issue8","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib83","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of bariatric surgeries in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"Volume21","author":"Ding","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obes. Revs"},{"issue":"No. 52","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87511","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11961","article-title":"Meta-analysis of bariatric surgery versus non-surgical treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"Vol. 7","author":"Wu1,*","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-019-1269-4","article-title":"Bariatric Surgery in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Affinati,1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Diab Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2016.02.033","article-title":"Mechanisms of surgical control of type 2 diabetes: GLP-1 is key factor","volume":"12","author":"Holst","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4139","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2017-00564","article-title":"The role of GLP-1 in the metabolic success of bariatric surgery","volume":"158","author":"Hutch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.01.047","article-title":"Important Role of the GLP-1 axis for glucose homeostasis after bariatric surgery","volume":"26","author":"Larraufie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-017-2913-1","article-title":"A Meta-Analysis of GLP-1 After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass: Impact of Surgical Technique and Measurement Strategy","volume":"28","author":"Jirapinyo 1","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-017-0276-5","article-title":"Potential hormone mechanisms of bariatric surgery","volume":"6","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Obes. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s40608-017-0149-1","article-title":"Metabolic improvements following Roux-en-Y surgery assessed by solid meal test in subjects with short duration type 2 diabetes","volume":"4","author":"Shankar","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.12.040","article-title":"PYY plays a key role in the resolution of diabetes following bariatric surgery in humans","volume":"40","author":"Guida","year":"2019","journal-title":"eBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3044","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-0022","article-title":"Exaggerated glucagon-like peptide 1 response is important for improved beta-cell function and glucose tolerance after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"62","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5908656","article-title":"Increasing GLP-1 circulating levels by bariatric surgery or by GLP-1 receptor agonists therapy: why are the clinical consequences so different?","author":"Amouyal1,2","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2014.09.005","article-title":"Effect of vagotomy during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on weight loss outcomes","volume":"9","author":"Okafor 1","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obes. Res Clin. Pr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2022.101517","article-title":"Regulation of body weight: Lessons learned from bariatric surgery","volume":"Volume 68","author":"Albaugh 1","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hang-Cheng Xu, Ying-Chang Pang, Jing-Wen Chen, Jia-Yu Cao, Zhi Sheng, Jun-Hua Yuan, Rui Wang, Cai-Shun Zhang, Liu-Xin Wang & Jing Dong Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Change in Ghrelin Levels After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Obesity Surgery volume 29, pages1343\u20131351 (2019).","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-018-03686-3"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-381517-0.00004-7","article-title":"K cells and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in health and disease","volume":"84","author":"Cho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vits. Horm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0082","article-title":"Postprandial levels of GLP-1, GIP and glucagon after 2 years of weight loss with a Paleolithic diet: a randomised controlled trial in healthy obese women","volume":"180","author":"Otten","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-008-9454-6","article-title":"The effect of laparoscopic gastric banding surgery on plasma levels of appetitecontrol, insulinotropic, and digestive hormones","volume":"18","author":"Shak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.83","article-title":"effects of gastric bypass and gastric banding on glucose kinetics and gut hormone release","volume":"16","author":"Rodieux","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-010-0305-x","article-title":"GIP and bariatric surgery","volume":"21","author":"Rao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-016-2302-1","article-title":"Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on fasting gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and adipose-derived hormones and on non-esterified fatty acids","volume":"27","author":"Farey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.22","article-title":"Changes in glycemia, insulin and gut hormone responses to a slowly ingested solid low-carbohydrate mixed meal after laparoscopic gastric bypass or band surgery","volume":"41","author":"Bunt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2007.08.004","article-title":"Exaggerated glucagon-like peptide-1 and blunted glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide secretion are as associated with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass but not adjustable gastric banding","volume":"3","author":"Korner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1549","article-title":"Incretin levels and effect are markedly enhanced 1 month after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in obese patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"30","author":"Laferrere","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S32","DOI":"10.1038\/ijosup.2016.8","article-title":"Bariatric surgery and obesity: influence on the incretins","volume":"6","author":"Laferr\u00e8re","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2015.08.013","article-title":"The effect of bariatric surgery on gastrointestinal and pancreatic peptide hormones","volume":"77","author":"Meek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib109","first-page":"E505","article-title":"Effects of endogenous GLP-1 and GIP on glucose tolerance after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery","volume":"310","author":"Svane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1288-9","article-title":"Circadian rhythms of GIP and GLP1 in glucose-tolerant and in type 2 diabetic patients after biliopancreatic diversion","volume":"52","author":"Mingrone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286062","article-title":"RYGB surgery has modest effects on intestinal morphology and gut hormone populations in the bypassed biliopancreatic limb but causes reciprocal changes in GLP-2 and PYY in the alimentary limb","volume":"18","author":"Sridhar 1","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib112","first-page":"84","article-title":"2, G. Mingrone4, F. Rubino. Incretins or Anti-Incretins? A New Model for the \u201cEntero-Pancreatic Axis\u201d","volume":"47","author":"Kamvissi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02203-w","article-title":"Rapid changes in neuroendocrine regulation may contribute to reversal of type 2 diabetes after gastric bypass surgery","volume":"67","author":"Katsogiannos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-014-1260-8","article-title":"Hypoglycemia after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: The BOLD Experience","volume":"24","author":"Sarwar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2017.12.011","article-title":"Roux en Y gastric bypass hypoglycemia resolves with gastric feeding or reversal: Confirming a non-pancreatic etiology","volume":"9","author":"Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2019.12.016","article-title":"Resection of the duodenum causes long-term endocrine and exocrine dysfunction after Whipple procedure for benign tumors - Results of a systematic review and metaanalysis","volume":"22","author":"Beger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib117","article-title":"The endobarrier: duodenal-Jejunal bypass liner for diabetes and weight loss","volume":"2018","author":"Ruban","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Res Pr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-013-0921-3","article-title":"Endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass liner rapidly improves type 2 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"de Jonge","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2016.12.002","article-title":"Hydrothermal duodenal mucosal resurfacing: role in the treatment of metabolic disease","volume":"27","author":"Cherrington","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc. Clin. N. Am. 2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-318349","article-title":"Endoscopic duodenal mucosal resurfacing for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: one year results from the first international, open-label, prospective, multicentre study","volume":"69","author":"van Baar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0383","article-title":"Endoscopic duodenal mucosal resurfacing for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: 6-month interim analysis from the first-in-human proof-of-concept study","volume":"39","author":"Rajagopalan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S174","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(16)30672-2","article-title":"829 Endoscopic duodenal mucosal resurfacing improves glycemic and hepatic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes: data from a first-in-human study","volume":"150","author":"Neto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-323931","article-title":"Alternative treatments for type 2 diabetes and associated metabolic diseases: medical therapy or endoscopic duodenal mucosal remodelling?","volume":"70","author":"van Baar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2017.11.008","article-title":"Targeted intestinal delivery of incretin secretagogues-towards new diabetes and obesity therapies","volume":"100","author":"Gribble","year":"2018","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib125","article-title":"Intermittent vagal nerve block for improvements in obesity, cardiovascular risk factors, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: 2-year results of the VBLOC DM2 study","author":"Shikora","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07764-z","article-title":"Effective weight control via an implanted self-powered vagus nerve stimulation device","volume":"volume 9","author":"Yao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271669","article-title":"Vagal afferent dysfunction in obesity: cause or effect","volume":"594","author":"Page","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89465-0","article-title":"Both high fat and high carbohydrate diets impair vagus nerve signaling of satiety","volume":"volume 11","author":"Loper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20210507","article-title":"Clinical perspectives on vagus nerve stimulation: present and future","volume":"136","author":"Goggins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond. )"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bnz002","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnz002","article-title":"Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor therapies for the treatment of obesity, do agonists = antagonists?","volume":"41","author":"Killion 1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2019.170224","article-title":"Molecular interactions of full-length and truncated GIP peptides with the GIP receptor - a comprehensive review","volume":"125","author":"Gabe 1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2002.6364","article-title":"Characterization of the cellular and metabolic effects of a novel enzyme-resistant antagonist of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide","volume":"290","author":"Gault","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0692-2","article-title":"Early administration of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor antagonist (Pro3)GIP prevents the development of diabetes and related metabolic abnormalities associated with genetically inherited obesity in ob\/ob mice","volume":"50","author":"Irwin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2014.10.025","article-title":"Antagonism of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) by palmitoylation of GIP analogues with N- and C-terminal modifications improves obesity and metabolic control in high fat fed mice","volume":"401","author":"Pathak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15894","article-title":"GIP receptor antagonist treatment causes a reduction in weight gain in ovariectomised high fat diet-fed mice","author":"Boer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharm., [Epub Print. ]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2022.101638","article-title":"Discovery of a potent GIPR peptide antagonist that is effective in rodent and human systems","volume":"66","author":"Yang,1","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249239","article-title":"Chronic peptide-based GIP receptor inhibition exhibits modest glucose metabolic changes in mice when administered either alone or combined with GLP-1 agonism","volume":"16","author":"West","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4447-4","article-title":"GIP(3-30)NH2 is an efficacious GIP receptor antagonist in humans: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study","volume":"61","author":"Gasbjerg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.2337\/db18-1123","article-title":"Separate and combined glucometabolic effects of endogenous glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide 1 in healthy individuals","volume":"68","author":"Gasbjerg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14736","article-title":"Acute concomitant glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor antagonism during glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonism does not affect appetite, resting energy expenditure or food intake in patients with type 2 diabetes and overweight\/obesity","volume":"24","author":"Stensen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"472","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaat3392","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aat3392","article-title":"Anti-obesity effects of GIPR antagonists alone and in combination with GLP-1R agonists in preclinical models","volume":"10","author":"Killion 1","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-023-00811-0","article-title":"The incretin co-agonist tirzepatide requires GIPR for hormone secretion from human islets","volume":"5","author":"El","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.07.010","article-title":"GIPR\/GLP-1R dual agonist therapies for diabetes and weight loss\u2014chemistry, physiology, and clinical applications","volume":"35","author":"Campbell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Juan P. Fr\u00edas, M.D., Melanie J.. Davies, M.D., Julio Rosenstock, M.D., Federico C. P\u00e9rez Manghi, M.D., Laura Fern\u00e1ndez Land\u00f3, M.D., Brandon K. Bergman, Pharm.D., Bing Liu, Ph.D., Xuewei Cui, Ph.D., and Katelyn Brown, Pharm.D. for the SURPASS-2 Investigators* Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2021; 385:503\u2013515. DOI: 10.1056\/NEJMoa2107519.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107519"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2301972","article-title":"Triple\u2013hormone-receptor agonist retatrutide for obesity \u2014 a phase 2 trial","volume":"389","author":"Jastreboff","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2022.101533","article-title":"Next generation GLP-1\/GIP\/glucagon triple agonists normalize body weight in obese mice","volume":"63","author":"Knerr","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_sbref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-015-3653-1","article-title":"Sequential induction of beta cell rest and stimulation using stable GIP inhibitor and GLP-1 mimetic peptides improves metabolic control in C57BL\/KsJ db\/db mice","volume":"58","author":"Patha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2019.170213","article-title":"The role of GIP in \u03b1-cells and glucagon secretion","volume":"125","author":"El","year":"2020","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2022.170749","article-title":"GLP-1 and GIP receptor signaling in beta cells\u2014a review of receptor interactions and co-stimulation","volume":"151","author":"Mayendraraj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106411","article-title":"Biased agonism and polymorphic variation at the GLP-1 receptor: Implications for the development of personalised therapeutics","volume":"Volume 184","author":"El Eid a","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15497","article-title":"The therapeutic potential of GLP-1 receptor biased agonism","volume":"Volume179","author":"Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brit J. Pharm."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3532","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20143532","article-title":"A Dual GLP-1\/GIP receptor agonist does not antagonize glucagon at its receptor but may act as a biased agonist at the GLP-1 receptor","volume":"20","author":"Al-Zamel 1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2116506119","article-title":"Structural determinants of dual incretin receptor agonism by tirzepatide","volume":"119","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marlies V. Hager,\u2020 Lisa M. Johnson,\u2020,\u00a7 Denise Wootten,*,\u2021 Patrick M. Sexton,*,\u2021 and Samuel H. Gellman*,\u2020 \u03b2\u2011Arrestin-Biased Agonists of the GLP\u20111 Receptor from \u03b2\u2011Amino Acid Residue Incorporation into GLP\u20111 Analogues. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 14970\u221214979.","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b08323"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22010022","article-title":"Rate of homologous desensitization and internalization of the GLP-1 receptor","volume":"22","author":"Shaaban","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6639","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI140046","article-title":"Gs\/Gq signaling switch in beta cells defines incretin effectiveness in diabetes","volume":"130","author":"Oduori","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-021-00758-6","article-title":"Signaling profiles in HEK 293T cells co-expressing GLP-1 and GIP receptors","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2020.02.006","article-title":"How may GIP enhance the therapeutic efficacy of GLP-1?","volume":"31","author":"Samms","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-062320-113625","article-title":"Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide\u2014a postprandial hormone with unharnessed metabolic potential","volume":"42","author":"Guccio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Nutr."}],"container-title":["Peptides"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196978124000214?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196978124000214?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T09:37:21Z","timestamp":1759311441000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196978124000214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":159,"alternative-id":["S0196978124000214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-9781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-9781","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Duodenal enteroendocrine cells and GIP as treatment targets for obesity and type 2 diabetes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Peptides","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2024.171168","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"171168"}}