{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:47:30Z","timestamp":1792097250175,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annales Pharmaceutiques Fran\u00e7aises"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T15:49:21Z","timestamp":1790610561000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An investigation into the compliance with antibiotic treatment guidelines in France: A preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Isabel","family":"MacDermott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6348-4717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur","family":"Piraux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0225","unstructured":"Antimicrobial resistance [Internet]. [cited 2026 May 18. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/antimicrobial-resistance]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0230","unstructured":"Global Leaders Group [Internet]. [cited 2026 Jun 17]. Estimating the return on investment from tackling antimicrobial resistance. [Available from: https:\/\/amrleaders.org\/resources\/annex-to-the-glg-report]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glmedi.2024.100081","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: impacts, challenges, and future prospects","volume":"2","author":"Ahmed","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Med Surg Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1260","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1260","article-title":"Impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and consequences for host health","volume":"11","author":"Patangia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0245","article-title":"Surveying self-medication practices and attitudes toward antibiotic use among adults in primary care","volume":"17","author":"Alanzi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl457","article-title":"Is self-medication with antibiotics in Europe driven by prescribed use?","volume":"59","author":"Grigoryan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0255","first-page":"e34","article-title":"Facilitators and barriers to implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in public South African hospitals","volume":"3","author":"Scheepers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol ASHE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.04.031","article-title":"Patient-related determinants of antibiotic use: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Zanichelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0265","series-title":"Antimicrobial consumption in the EU\/EEA-Annual Epidemiological Report for 2024 [Internet]","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0270","series-title":"Les prescriptions et la consommation d\u2019antibiotiques en secteur de ville augmentent en 2024","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0275","series-title":"EU Action on Antimicrobial Resistance\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Public Health\u00a0\u2013\u00a0European Commission [Internet]","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0280","article-title":"Strengthening antimicrobial resistance governance in Europe: a coordinated one health approach","volume":"61","author":"Davido","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health \u2013 Eur"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0285","unstructured":"Commission notice \u2014 EU Guidelines for the prudent use of antimicrobials in human health [Internet]. [cited 2026 May 18. Available from: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:52017XC0701(01)&from=ET]."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2018.03.005","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the management of adult community-acquired urinary tract infections","volume":"48","author":"Caron","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1972-6","article-title":"A single center observational study on emergency department clinician non-adherence to clinical practice guidelines for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections","volume":"16","author":"Zatorski","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-025-12453-6","article-title":"Adherence to national pediatric antibiotic prescription guideline for pneumonia treatment of children 2\u201359 months: a retrospective chart review at a regional hospital in Rwanda","volume":"26","author":"Shimwa Gakuba","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky509","article-title":"Why did some practices not implement new antibiotic prescribing guidelines on urinary tract infection? A cohort study and survey in NHS England primary care","volume":"74","author":"Croker","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0310","unstructured":"Antibioclic: rational antibiotic therapy in primary care [Internet]. [cited 2026 May 18. Available from: https:\/\/antibioclic.com\/]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0315","unstructured":"Accueil\u00a0\u2013\u00a0SPILF\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Infectiologie [Internet]. [cited 2026 Aug 29. Available from: https:\/\/www.infectiologie.com\/fr\/accueil.html]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0320","unstructured":"Haute Autorit\u00e9 de sant\u00e9 [Internet]. Choix et dur\u00e9es d\u2019antibioth\u00e9rapies pr\u00e9conis\u00e9es dans les infections bact\u00e9riennes courantes. [cited 2026 Aug 29. Available from: https:\/\/www.has-sante.fr\/jcms\/p_3278764\/fr\/choix-et-durees-d-antibiotherapies-preconisees-dans-les-infections-bacteriennes-courantes]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0325","unstructured":"Dentibiotic\u00a0: l\u2019antibioth\u00e9rapie pour les chirurgiens-dentistes\u00a0! [Internet]. [cited 2026 Jun 11. Available from: https:\/\/dentibiotic.fr\/]."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2018.v108i4.12564","article-title":"Antibiotic prescribing practice and adherence to guidelines in primary care in the Cape Town Metro District, South Africa","volume":"108","author":"Gasson","year":"2018","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"issue":"2, Supplement","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0335","first-page":"S47","article-title":"Dur\u00e9e de prescription des antibiotiques en ambulatoire\u00a0: enqu\u00eate aupr\u00e8s des Officines","volume":"3","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect Form"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinme.2025.100518","article-title":"How are generalist doctors made aware, on an ongoing basis, of the key new and updated clinical guidelines which are relevant to their practice? A systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Leong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.27.1900468","article-title":"Proxy indicators to estimate appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions by general practitioners: a proof-of-concept cross-sectional study based on reimbursement data, north-eastern France 2017","volume":"25","author":"Thilly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-019-1735-3","article-title":"Changing prescribing behaviours with educational outreach: an overview of evidence and practice","volume":"19","author":"Kunstler","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0355","first-page":"15205","article-title":"Variation in responsiveness to warranted behaviour change among NHS clinicians: novel implementation of change detection methods in longitudinal prescribing data [Internet]","volume":"367","author":"Walker","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87899","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087899","article-title":"Effect of a stewardship intervention on adherence to uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis guidelines in an emergency department setting","volume":"9","author":"Hecker","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9391","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14546-1","article-title":"From best evidence to best practice: effective implementation of change in patients\u2019 care","volume":"362","author":"Grol","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0370","series-title":"Les attentes des m\u00e9decins g\u00e9n\u00e9ralistes face aux recommandations de la Haute Autorit\u00e9 de sant\u00e9 en soins primaires dans le d\u00e9partement du Gard","author":"Jacqueminet","year":"2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2026.01.002","article-title":"Impact of implementing repeated clinical audits and feedback on outpatient antibiotic prescribing in the pediatric emergency department of a French university hospital","volume":"33","author":"Ben Yaghlane","year":"2026","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"issue":"suppl_2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii36","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx500","article-title":"Potential for reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in English primary care","volume":"73","author":"Smieszek","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0385","unstructured":"Consommation d\u2019antibiotiques en secteur de ville en France, 2011\u20132021."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-025-07309-1","article-title":"Effectiveness of educational interventions in improving antimicrobial dispensing by community pharmacists: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Vieira de Souza","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2026.05.039","article-title":"Educational intervention to optimize antibiotic prescribing: a narrative review of recent evidence","volume":"174","author":"Acampora","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000080","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000080","article-title":"\u201cAntibiotics are not automatic anymore\u201d\u2014The French national campaign to cut antibiotic overuse","volume":"6","author":"Huttner","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5817","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S566496","article-title":"The effectiveness of health campaigns on antibiotic resistance: a media and pharmacy practice perspective","volume":"18","author":"Afifi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dlae117","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlae117","article-title":"Patient and public understanding of antimicrobial resistance: a systematic review and meta-ethnography","volume":"6","author":"Colquhoun","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAC-Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dlaf145","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlaf145","article-title":"Use of oral fluoroquinolones in France between 2014 and 2023: a nationwide drug utilization study","volume":"7","author":"Saade","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAC-Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dlaf236","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlaf236","article-title":"Impact of a post-prescription audit and feedback antimicrobial stewardship intervention on inappropriate carbapenem prescribing: an interrupted time series analysis","volume":"7","author":"Sangiorgi","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAC-Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0425","unstructured":"Arr\u00eat\u00e9 du 17 juin 2024 fixant les modalit\u00e9s de d\u00e9livrance de m\u00e9dicaments sans ordonnance apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9alisation d\u2019un test rapide d\u2019orientation diagnostique, les modalit\u00e9s de formation sp\u00e9cifique des pharmaciens d\u2019officine en la mati\u00e8re et pr\u00e9cisant les conditions de recours \u00e0 une ordonnance de dispensation conditionnelle\u00a0\u2013\u00a0L\u00e9gifrance [Internet]. [cited 2026 Aug 29. Available from: https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/loda\/id\/JORFTEXT000049734400\/2026-08-29]."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0430","first-page":"128","article-title":"Factors influencing the seasonal patterns of infectious diseases","volume":"4","author":"Fares","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1017\/ash.2023.418","article-title":"Analysis of seasonal variation of antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract diagnoses in primary care practices","volume":"3","author":"Serletti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004_bib0440","unstructured":"P4DP platform\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Platform for Data in Primary Care [Internet]. [cited 2026 Aug 29. P4DP. Available from: https:\/\/www.p4dp.fr\/]."}],"container-title":["Annales Pharmaceutiques Fran\u00e7aises"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003450926001434?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003450926001434?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:34:48Z","timestamp":1792096488000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003450926001434"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0003450926001434"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4509"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4509","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"An investigation into the compliance with antibiotic treatment guidelines in France: A preliminary study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annales Pharmaceutiques Fran\u00e7aises","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharma.2026.09.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Acad\u00e9mie Nationale de Pharmacie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}