{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T02:11:29Z","timestamp":1793067089172,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":183,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443657600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T09:47:52Z","timestamp":1435744072000},"page":"21-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":193,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Diversity and plasticity of microglial cells in psychiatric and neurological disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Chiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1038\/496416a","article-title":"Mental health: On the spectrum","volume":"496","author":"Adam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.1999.1.2\/galexopoulos","article-title":"Vascular depression: A new view of late-onset depression","volume":"1","author":"Alexopoulos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401662","article-title":"Neuroprotection by BDNF against glutamate-induced apoptotic cell death is mediated by ERK and PI3-kinase pathways","volume":"12","author":"Almeida","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.06.010","article-title":"Distinguishing between unipolar depression and bipolar depression: Current and future clinical and neuroimaging perspectives","volume":"73","author":"Almeida","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2008.03.012","article-title":"Resting state corticolimbic connectivity abnormalities in unmedicated bipolar disorder and unipolar depression","volume":"171","author":"Anand","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.02.011","article-title":"Hypothalamic CaMKK2 contributes to the regulation of energy balance","volume":"7","author":"Anderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12005","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C300557200","article-title":"AMP-activated protein kinase plays a role in the control of food intake","volume":"279","author":"Andersson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07181","article-title":"UCP2 mediates ghrelin's action on NPY\/AgRP neurons by lowering free radicals","volume":"454","author":"Andrews","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3165","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2006-0146","article-title":"A growth hormone-releasing peptide that binds scavenger receptor CD36 and ghrelin receptor up-regulates sterol transporters and cholesterol efflux in macrophages through a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b3-dependent pathway","volume":"20","author":"Avallone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360481","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/360481","article-title":"Cytokines in bipolar disorder: Paving the way for neuroprogression","volume":"2014","author":"Barbosa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1211270110","article-title":"CNS-specific immunity at the choroid plexus shifts toward destructive Th2 inflammation in brain aging","volume":"110","author":"Baruch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018813479645","article-title":"Ghrelin is neuroprotective in Parkinson's disease: Molecular mechanisms of metabolic neuroprotection","volume":"4","author":"Bayliss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1584","article-title":"Decision making, impulse control and loss of willpower to resist drugs: A neurocognitive perspective","volume":"8","author":"Bechara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0212100","article-title":"The immune theory of psychiatric diseases: A key role for activated microglia and circulating monocytes","volume":"92","author":"Beumer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0075","first-page":"8","article-title":"Treating depression with cannabinoids","volume":"3","author":"Blaas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cannabinoids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.12.1201","article-title":"Amygdala and hippocampal volumes in adolescents and adults with bipolar disorder","volume":"60","author":"Blumberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.08.009","article-title":"Regional gray matter volume abnormalities in the at risk mental state","volume":"61","author":"Borgwardt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05404","article-title":"Pheromonal communication in vertebrates","volume":"444","author":"Brennan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R19","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-12-0157","article-title":"The hypothalamus-adipose axis is a key target of developmental programming by maternal nutritional manipulation","volume":"216","author":"Breton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2009.00451.x","article-title":"FTY720 (fingolimod) in multiple sclerosis: Therapeutic effects in the immune and the central nervous system","volume":"158","author":"Brinkmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2012.13","article-title":"Late-life obesity is associated with smaller global and regional gray matter volumes: A voxel-based morphometric study","volume":"37","author":"Brooks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60393","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060393","article-title":"Increased prefrontal and parahippocampal activation with reduced dorsolateral prefrontal and insular cortex activation to food images in obesity: A meta-analysis of fMRI studies","volume":"8","author":"Brooks","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(01)00147-3","article-title":"Differential expression of the CB2 cannabinoid receptor by rodent macrophages and macrophage-like cells in relation to cell activation","volume":"2","author":"Carlisle","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.081068","article-title":"Abnormalities in mitochondrial structure in cells from patients with bipolar disorder","volume":"177","author":"Cataldo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.10.001","article-title":"The story of Rett syndrome: From clinic to neurobiology","volume":"56","author":"Chahrour","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp073","article-title":"Brain anatomical abnormalities in high-risk individuals, first-episode, and chronic schizophrenia: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of illness progression","volume":"37","author":"Chan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2011.00893.x","article-title":"A quantitative meta-analysis of fMRI studies in bipolar disorder","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2005.05.002","article-title":"FTY720, a new class of immunomodulator, inhibits lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid tissues and thymus by agonistic activity at sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors","volume":"108","author":"Chiba","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2010.10.005","article-title":"Fingolimod (FTY720), sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator, shows superior efficacy as compared with interferon-\u03b2 in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"11","author":"Chiba","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014154108","article-title":"FTY720 (fingolimod) efficacy in an animal model of multiple sclerosis requires astrocyte sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) modulation","volume":"108","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.11.024","article-title":"Activation of cannabinoid CB2 receptor-mediated AMPK\/CREB pathway reduces cerebral ischemic injury","volume":"182","author":"Choi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30571","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030571","article-title":"Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity","volume":"7","author":"Cintra","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907839","article-title":"Oral fingolimod or intramuscular interferon for relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"362","author":"Cohen","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2136","article-title":"The obesity pipeline: Current strategies in the development of anti-obesity drugs","volume":"5","author":"Cooke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.073429","article-title":"The Kraepelinian dichotomy \u2014 Going, going \u2026 but still not gone","volume":"196","author":"Craddock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2711","article-title":"Genetic relationship between five psychiatric disorders estimated from genome-wide SNPs","volume":"45","author":"Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2012.05.015","article-title":"The effects of a high-energy diet on hippocampal-dependent discrimination performance and blood\u2013brain barrier integrity differ for diet-induced obese and diet-resistant rats","volume":"107","author":"Davidson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13772","article-title":"Synaptic, transcriptional and chromatin genes disrupted in autism","volume":"515","author":"De Rubeis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1399-5618.2003.00087.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of amygdala and other subcortical brain regions in adolescents with bipolar disorder","volume":"6","author":"DelBello","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803431","article-title":"Successful dieters have increased neural activity in cortical areas involved in the control of behavior","volume":"31","author":"DelParigi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7728","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007728","article-title":"A concerted kinase interplay identifies PPAR\u03b3 as a molecular target of ghrelin signaling in macrophages","volume":"4","author":"Demers","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14230","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1206093109","article-title":"Fingolimod, a sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor modulator, increases BDNF levels and improves symptoms of a mouse model of Rett syndrome","volume":"109","author":"Deogracias","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.10.002","article-title":"The role of microglia in brain maintenance: Implications for Rett syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Derecki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3202","article-title":"The drive to eat: Comparisons and distinctions between mechanisms of food reward and drug addiction","volume":"15","author":"DiLeone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00050","article-title":"Dysfunction and dysconnection in cortical\u2013striatal networks during sustained attention: Genetic risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and its impact on brain network function","volume":"5","author":"Diwadkar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-008-9162-7","article-title":"Ghrelin antagonized 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptosis in MES23.5 cells","volume":"37","author":"Dong","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2007.08.003","article-title":"Age-dependent reduction of amygdala volume in bipolar disorder","volume":"163","author":"Doty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.2000.0318","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia\/macrophages after spinal cord injury","volume":"7","author":"Dougherty","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10374","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase 2 inhibition protects motor neurons and prolongs survival in a transgenic mouse model of ALS","volume":"52","author":"Drachman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12181","article-title":"Brain regions associated with risk and resistance for bipolar I disorder: A voxel-based MRI study of patients with bipolar disorder and their healthy siblings","volume":"16","author":"Eker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2618","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4200-13.2014","article-title":"Obesity elicits interleukin 1-mediated deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity","volume":"34","author":"Erion","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8904","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1146-14.2014","article-title":"IL-4 signaling drives a unique arginase+\/IL-1\u03b2+ microglia phenotype and recruits macrophages to the inflammatory CNS: Consequences of age-related deficits in IL-4R\u03b1 after traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"34","author":"Fenn","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-45","article-title":"Effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on the immunological properties of microglia","volume":"7","author":"Ferger","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-76","article-title":"IL-17A is increased in the serum and in spinal cord CD8 and mast cells of ALS patients","volume":"7","author":"Fiala","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.127183","article-title":"Brain penetration of the oral immunomodulatory drug FTY720 and its phosphorylation in the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: Consequences for mode of action in multiple sclerosis","volume":"323","author":"Foster","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00004.2003","article-title":"Role of endogenous cannabinoids in synaptic signaling","volume":"83","author":"Freund","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.11.1631","article-title":"Incidence of silent cerebral infarction in patients with major depression","volume":"24","author":"Fujikawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491012500512","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic differences in the association between obesity and major depressive disorder: Findings from the comprehensive psychiatric epidemiology surveys","volume":"125","author":"Gavin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000308937.30473.d1","article-title":"History of depression, depressive symptoms, and medial temporal lobe atrophy and the risk of Alzheimer disease","volume":"70","author":"Geerlings","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2008.06.006","article-title":"Serotonin research: Contributions to understanding psychoses","volume":"29","author":"Geyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300558","article-title":"Cerebrospinal anandamide levels are elevated in acute schizophrenia and are inversely correlated with psychotic symptoms","volume":"29","author":"Giuffrida","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.05.007","article-title":"Alternative activation of macrophages: Mechanism and functions","volume":"32","author":"Gordon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/14660820410020286","article-title":"Inflammation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spinal cord and brain is mediated by activated macrophages, mast cells and T cells","volume":"5","author":"Graves","year":"2004","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E663","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00461.2004","article-title":"Adipose tissue gene expression profiling reveals distinct molecular pathways that define visceral adiposity in offspring of maternal protein-restricted rats","volume":"288","author":"Guan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.07.023","article-title":"Abnormal deactivation of the inferior frontal gyrus during implicit emotion processing in youth with bipolar disorder: Attenuated by medication","volume":"58","author":"Hafeman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvp240","article-title":"CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors differentially regulate the production of reactive oxygen species by macrophages","volume":"84","author":"Han","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2008.00641.x","article-title":"Elevated striatal and decreased dorsolateral prefrontal cortical activity in response to emotional stimuli in euthymic bipolar disorder: No associations with psychotropic medication load","volume":"10","author":"Hassel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2011.00058","article-title":"Obesity-related differences between women and men in brain structure and goal-directed behavior","volume":"5","author":"Horstmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7254.2005.00136.x","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib against toxicity of LPS-stimulated macrophages toward motor neurons","volume":"26","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6950","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1615-08.2008","article-title":"Functional interaction between the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens shell is necessary for the acquisition of appetitive spatial context conditioning","volume":"28","author":"Ito","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.10.1545","article-title":"Central obesity and the aging brain","volume":"62","author":"Jagust","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2014.02.002","article-title":"The hypothalamic neural\u2013glial network and the metabolic syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Jastroch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.05.006","article-title":"Ghrelin antagonizes MPTP-induced neurotoxicity to the dopaminergic neurons in mouse substantia nigra","volume":"212","author":"Jiang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-091414","article-title":"The effects of a high-energy diet on hippocampal function and blood\u2013brain barrier integrity in the rat","volume":"21","author":"Kanoski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909494","article-title":"A placebo-controlled trial of oral fingolimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"362","author":"Kappos","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.2000.020305.x","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in bipolar disorder","volume":"2","author":"Kato","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.60","article-title":"Structural neuroimaging studies in major depressive disorder: Meta-analysis and comparison with bipolar disorder","volume":"68","author":"Kempton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.09.006","article-title":"The social brain in psychiatric and neurological disorders","volume":"16","author":"Kennedy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00011.2010","article-title":"Physiology of microglia","volume":"91","author":"Kettenmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.10.1556","article-title":"Obesity and vascular risk factors at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease","volume":"62","author":"Kivipelto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25196","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C500175200","article-title":"Cannabinoids and ghrelin have both central and peripheral metabolic and cardiac effects via AMP-activated protein kinase","volume":"280","author":"Kola","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.03.021","article-title":"Role for insulin signaling in catecholaminergic neurons in control of energy homeostasis","volume":"13","author":"K\u00f6nner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64537-3","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and chronic autoimmune encephalomyelitis: A comparative quantitative study of axonal injury in active, inactive, and remyelinated lesions","volume":"157","author":"Kornek","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.4.497","article-title":"MRI-defined vascular depression","volume":"154","author":"Krishnan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2522","article-title":"The association between depressive symptoms and systemic inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes: Findings from the South London Diabetes Study","volume":"37","author":"Laake","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3088","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of macrophage polarization: Enabling diversity with identity","volume":"11","author":"Lawrence","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.4196\/kjpp.2012.16.1.43","article-title":"Ghrelin protects spinal cord motoneurons against chronic glutamate excitotoxicity by inhibiting microglial zctivation","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Korean J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20351","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M702182200","article-title":"Agonist-modulated regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in endothelial cells: Evidence for an AMPK\u2192Rac1\u2192Akt\u2192endothelial nitric-oxide synthase pathway","volume":"282","author":"Levine","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.05958.x","article-title":"Cognitive control and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex: Reflexive reorienting, motor inhibition, and action updating","volume":"1224","author":"Levy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e94","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2012.15","article-title":"Cannabidiol enhances anandamide signaling and alleviates psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia","volume":"2","author":"Leweke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23567","article-title":"Seizure-induced brain-borne inflammation sustains seizure recurrence and blood\u2013brain barrier damage","volume":"72","author":"Librizzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1677\/JME-09-0063","article-title":"AMPK as a mediator of hormonal signaling","volume":"44","author":"Lim","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0465","first-page":"60","article-title":"Neuronal phagocytosis by inflammatory macrophages in ALS spinal cord: Inhibition of inflammation by resolvin D1","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Neurodegener Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpendmet0220","article-title":"Childhood obesity: Behavioral aberration or biochemical drive? Reinterpreting the first law of thermodynamics","volume":"2","author":"Lustig","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5346","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5966-09.2010","article-title":"Rett syndrome microglia damage dendrites and synapses by the elevated release of glutamate","volume":"30","author":"Maezawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00098","article-title":"Integrated neurobiology of bipolar disorder","volume":"5","author":"Maletic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13460","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.204644","article-title":"Molecular mechanism for adiponectin-dependent M2 macrophage polarization: Link between the metabolic and innate immune activity of full-length adiponectin","volume":"286","author":"Mandal","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.044024","article-title":"Increased sensitivity to food cues in the fasted state and decreased inhibitory control in the satiated state in the overweight","volume":"97","author":"Martens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.10.040192.001101","article-title":"Immunological aspects of demyelinating diseases","volume":"10","author":"Martin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.03.026","article-title":"In utero undernutrition in male mice programs liver lipid metabolism in the second-generation offspring involving altered Lxra DNA methylation","volume":"19","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu152","article-title":"Decision-making and trait impulsivity in bipolar disorder are associated with reduced prefrontal regulation of striatal reward valuation","volume":"137","author":"Mason","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02284","article-title":"Lymphocyte egress from thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs is dependent on S1P receptor 1","volume":"427","author":"Matloubian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1507","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: A complicated picture of autoimmunity","volume":"8","author":"McFarland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2011.06.003","article-title":"Inflammatory processes in schizophrenia: A promising neuroimmunological target for the treatment of negative\/cognitive symptoms and beyond","volume":"132","author":"Meyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510379243","article-title":"Altered M1\/M2 activation patterns of monocytes in severe relapsing experimental rat model of multiple sclerosis. Amelioration of clinical status by M2 activated monocyte administration","volume":"17","author":"Mikita","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2760-08.2009","article-title":"Saturated fatty acids produce an inflammatory response predominantly through the activation of TLR4 signaling in hypothalamus: Implications for the pathogenesis of obesity","volume":"29","author":"Milanski","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.04.001","article-title":"Obesity and neuroinflammation: A pathway to cognitive impairment","volume":"42","author":"Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.12.032","article-title":"Blood\u2013brain barrier breakdown in the aging human hippocampus","volume":"85","author":"Montagne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-009-9037-x","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of ghrelin in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease by blocking microglial activation","volume":"15","author":"Moon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurotox Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31824f5de0","article-title":"The association between depression and leptin is mediated by adiposity","volume":"74","author":"Morris","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2448","article-title":"Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation","volume":"8","author":"Mosser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.3390\/ph7121028","article-title":"Role of microglial M1\/M2 polarization in relapse and remission of psychiatric disorders and diseases","volume":"7","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.912","article-title":"Celecoxib as an adjunct in the treatment of depressive or mixed episodes of bipolar disorder: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"23","author":"Nery","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01012.x","article-title":"Waiting to win: Elevated striatal and orbitofrontal cortical activity during reward anticipation in euthymic bipolar disorder adults","volume":"14","author":"Nusslock","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6153","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.088708","article-title":"Adiponectin promotes macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype","volume":"285","author":"Ohashi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg275","article-title":"Is obesity associated with major depression? Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"158","author":"Onyike","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2011.12.014","article-title":"Neural and cellular mechanisms of fear and extinction memory formation","volume":"36","author":"Orsini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.10.028","article-title":"New approaches to psychiatric diagnostic classification","volume":"84","author":"Owen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E534","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2001.280.3.E534","article-title":"Impaired PI 3-kinase activation in adipocytes from early growth-restricted male rats","volume":"280","author":"Ozanne","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17785","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1004361107","article-title":"Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) plays essential roles in mitochondria in collaboration with Mitofilin","volume":"107","author":"Park","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2014.07.009","article-title":"Sphingosine 1-phosphate induced anti-atherogenic and atheroprotective M2 macrophage polarization through IL-4","volume":"26","author":"Park","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2243-2","article-title":"Fronto-limbic dysfunction in mania pre-treatment and persistent amygdala over-activity post-treatment in pediatric bipolar disorder","volume":"216","author":"Passarotti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2013.00162","article-title":"Associative learning beyond the medial temporal lobe: Many actors on the memory stage","volume":"7","author":"Pergola","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2013.07.007","article-title":"Chemosignals and hormones in the neural control of mammalian sexual behavior","volume":"34","author":"Petrulis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(01)00129-9","article-title":"Increased presence of white matter hyperintensities in adolescent patients with bipolar disorder","volume":"114","author":"Pillai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08081201","article-title":"Reduced caudate and nucleus accumbens response to rewards in unmedicated individuals with major depressive disorder","volume":"166","author":"Pizzagalli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1003","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90377.2008","article-title":"Hypothalamic proinflammatory lipid accumulation, inflammation, and insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet","volume":"296","author":"Posey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.06.018","article-title":"Impact of seizure activity on free extracellular phenytoin concentrations in amygdala-kindled rats","volume":"61","author":"Potschka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3722","article-title":"Microglia and brain macrophages in the molecular age: From origin to neuropsychiatric disease","volume":"15","author":"Prinz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.20609","article-title":"PI3 kinase\/Akt activation mediates estrogen and IGF-1 nigral DA neuronal neuroprotection against a unilateral rat model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"68","author":"Quesada","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132528","article-title":"Microgilal physiology: Unique stimuli, specialized resonses","volume":"27","author":"Ransohoff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2009.47","article-title":"Increased excitotoxicity and neuroinflammatory markers in postmortem frontal cortex from bipolar disorder patients","volume":"15","author":"Rao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/70.5.811","article-title":"Obesity at the age of 50y in men and women exposed to famine prenatally","volume":"70","author":"Ravelli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3430","article-title":"The changing scene of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"14","author":"Robberecht","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.13.5.635","article-title":"Post-stroke depressive disorders: A follow-up study of 103 patients","volume":"13","author":"Robinson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.105.019117","article-title":"Interleukin-2 suppression by 2-arachidonyl glycerol is mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-\u03b3 independently of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2","volume":"70","author":"Rockwell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2008.tb00159.x","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment: Searching for the prodrome of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"7","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3086","article-title":"Microglial cell origin and phenotypes in health and disease","volume":"11","author":"Saijo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01024.x","article-title":"Neuroprogression in bipolar disorder","volume":"14","author":"Schneider","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12128","article-title":"Copy-number variation in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder","volume":"68","author":"Shishido","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.7.824","article-title":"Association between obesity and psychiatric disorders in the US adult population","volume":"63","author":"Simon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1178","article-title":"Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in long-term memory","volume":"4","author":"Simons","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.01.021","article-title":"Separable substrates for anticipatory and consummatory food chemosensation","volume":"57","author":"Small","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.100080","article-title":"Elevation of cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-1\u03b2 in bipolar disorder","volume":"36","author":"S\u00f6derlund","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2974","article-title":"The outs and the ins of sphingosine 1-phosphate in immunity","volume":"11","author":"Spiegel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp058","article-title":"Hippocampi, thalami, and accumbens microstructural damage in schizophrenia: A volumetry, diffusivity, and neuropsychological study","volume":"37","author":"Spoletini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-08-0021","article-title":"A high-carbohydrate diet in the immediate postnatal life of rats induces adaptations predisposing to adult-onset obesity","volume":"197","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0740","series-title":"Stahl's essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and practical applications","author":"Stahl","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2006.10.013","article-title":"Immunological aspects in the neurobiology of suicide: Elevated microglial density in schizophrenia and depression is associated with suicide","volume":"42","author":"Steiner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1803","article-title":"Mixed results with modulation of TH-17cells in human autoimmune diseases","volume":"11","author":"Steinman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13105","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2105-10.2010","article-title":"Weight gain is associated with reduced striatal response to palatable food","volume":"30","author":"Stice","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.5.407","article-title":"Omega 3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder","volume":"56","author":"Stoll","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-10-37","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor 1 and 2 (IGF1, IGF2) expression in human microglia: Differential regulation by inflammatory mediators","volume":"10","author":"Suh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1279","article-title":"Prediction of immediate and future rewards differentially recruits cortico-basal ganglia loops","volume":"7","author":"Tanaka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59660","article-title":"Obesity is associated with hypothalamic injury in rodents and humans","volume":"122","author":"Thaler","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01020.x","article-title":"Deficits in inferior frontal cortex activation in euthymic bipolar disorder patients during a response inhibition task","volume":"14","author":"Townsend","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-124784","article-title":"Diet-induced obesity in female mice leads to peroxidized lipid accumulations and impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis during the early life of their offspring","volume":"23","author":"Tozuka","year":"2009","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0812394106","article-title":"Partial reversal of Rett syndrome-like symptoms in MeCP2 mutant mice","volume":"106","author":"Tropea","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2003.12.012","article-title":"Evidence of widespread cerebral microglial activation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: An [11C](R)-PK11195 positron emission tomography study","volume":"15","author":"Turner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2010.75","article-title":"Leptin in immuno-rheumatological diseases","volume":"8","author":"Vadacca","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2010.07.009","article-title":"Trait and state dependent functional impairments in bipolar disorder","volume":"184","author":"Van der Schot","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0810","first-page":"R43","article-title":"Ghrelin and lipid metabolism: Key partners in energy balance","volume":"46","author":"Varela","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.12.11.1035","article-title":"Platelet- and macrophage-derived endogenous cannabinoids are involved in endotoxin-induced hypotension","volume":"12","author":"Varga","year":"1998","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.2.139","article-title":"Hippocampal and amygdala volumes according to psychosis stage and diagnosis: A magnetic resonance imaging study of chronic schizophrenia, first-episode psychosis, and ultra-high-risk individuals","volume":"63","author":"Velakoulis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e318261909c","article-title":"Increased body mass index is associated with a global and distributed decrease in white matter microstructural integrity","volume":"74","author":"Verstynen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2012.11.004","article-title":"CNS insulin signaling in the control of energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism \u2014 From embryo to old age","volume":"24","author":"Vogt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2010.11.001","article-title":"Reward, dopamine and the control of food intake: implications for obesity","volume":"15","author":"Volkow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01506","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system: Directing eating behavior and macronutrient metabolism","volume":"5","author":"Watkins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e350","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2013.119","article-title":"Glia and immune cell signaling in bipolar disorder: Insights from neuropharmacology and molecular imaging to clinical application","volume":"4","author":"Watkins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.12.021","article-title":"Cognitive control in social situations: A role for the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"40","author":"Weissman","year":"2008","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.006304","article-title":"Increased amygdalar and hippocampal volumes in elderly obese individuals with or at risk of cardiovascular disease","volume":"93","author":"Widya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00184","article-title":"A framework for interpreting functional networks in schizophrenia","volume":"6","author":"Williamson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0865","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04677.x","article-title":"Mutant SOD1G93A microglia are more neurotoxic relative to wild-type microglia","volume":"102","author":"Xiao","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.01.001","article-title":"Adiponectin receptor as a key player in healthy longevity and obesity-related diseases","volume":"17","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.7150\/jgen.3930","article-title":"Developmental programming of fetal skeletal muscle and adipose tissue development","volume":"1","author":"Yan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0885","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12160","article-title":"Plasma levels of leptin in reproductive-aged women with mild depressive and anxious states","volume":"68","author":"Yoshida-Komiya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0890","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2010.08.012","article-title":"Neuropsychological assessment of the orbital and ventromedial prefrontal cortex","volume":"48","author":"Zald","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4593","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.8.4593","article-title":"High-dose leptin activates human leukocytes via receptor expression on monocytes","volume":"167","author":"Zarkesh-Esfahani","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.07.043","article-title":"Hypothalamic IKK\u03b2\/NF-\u03baB and ER stress link overnutrition to energy imbalance and obesity","volume":"135","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1159\/000354464","article-title":"Acetylcholine mediates AMPK-dependent autophagic cytoprotection in H9c2 cells during hypoxia\/reoxygenation injury","volume":"32","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2011.08.007","article-title":"Amygdala hyperactivation and prefrontal hypoactivation in subjects with cognitive vulnerability to depression","volume":"88","author":"Zhong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010_bb0915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3114","article-title":"Neurovascular pathways to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and other disorders","volume":"12","author":"Zlokovic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163725815001370?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163725815001370?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T09:45:01Z","timestamp":1652694301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0163725815001370"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"references-count":183,"alternative-id":["S0163725815001370"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-7258"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-7258","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diversity and plasticity of microglial cells in psychiatric and neurological disorders","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.06.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}