{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T11:34:59Z","timestamp":1792928099136,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":139,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014389","name":"Amarin Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014389","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T12:44:01Z","timestamp":1647348241000},"page":"108172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Reducing residual cardiovascular risk in Europe: Therapeutic implications of European medicines agency approval of icosapent ethyl\/eicosapentaenoic acid"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"237","author":[{"given":"M. John","family":"Chapman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose L.","family":"Zamorano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus G.","family":"Parhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319896648","article-title":"The cost-effectiveness of icosapent ethyl in combination with statin therapy compared with statin alone for cardiovascular risk reduction","volume":"28","author":"Ademi","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7928","DOI":"10.1038\/srep07928","article-title":"Fish oil supplements in New Zealand are highly oxidised and do not meet label content of n-3 PUFA","volume":"5","author":"Albert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030599","article-title":"Eicosapentaenoic acid improves hepatic metabolism and reduces inflammation independent of obesity in high-fat-fed mice and in HepG2 cells","volume":"11","author":"Albracht-Schulte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.12.023","article-title":"Icosapent ethyl for primary versus secondary prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events in hypertriglyceridemia-value for money analysis","volume":"134","author":"Arbel","year":"2021","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804989","article-title":"Effects of n-3 fatty acid supplements in diabetes mellitus","volume":"379","author":"Bowman","year":"2018","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2021.03.039","article-title":"Practical guidance for combination lipid-modifying therapy in high- and very-high-risk patients: A statement from a European atherosclerosis society task force","volume":"325","author":"Averna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.05.031","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (AMR101) therapy in statin-treated patients with persistent high triglycerides (from the ANCHOR study)","volume":"110","author":"Ballantyne","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2016.08.005","article-title":"Icosapent ethyl (eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester): Effects on remnant-like particle cholesterol from the MARINE and ANCHOR studies","volume":"253","author":"Ballantyne","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2012.07.001","article-title":"Icosapent ethyl, a pure EPA omega-3 fatty acid: Effects on lipoprotein particle concentration and size in patients with very high triglyceride levels (the MARINE study)","volume":"6","author":"Bays","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Lipidology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2017.05.001","article-title":"French Registry on acute ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction 2015 (FAST-MI 2015). Design and baseline data","volume":"110","author":"Belle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0055","series-title":"Icosapent ethyl provides consistent cardiovascular benefit in patients with diabetes in REDUCE-IT [presentation]","author":"Bhatt","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0060","series-title":"EPA levels and cardiovascular outcomes in the reduction of cardiovascular events with icosapent ethyl-intervention trial [oral presentation]","author":"Bhatt","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1812792","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk reduction with icosapent ethyl for hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"380","author":"Bhatt","year":"2019","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0070","series-title":"Reductions in ischemic stroke with icosapent ethyl: Insights from REDUCE-IT [oral presentation]","author":"Bhatt","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.02.032","article-title":"Effects of icosapent ethyl on total ischemic events: From REDUCE-IT","volume":"73","author":"Bhatt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.06.043","article-title":"Reduction in first and total ischemic events with icosapent ethyl across baseline triglyceride tertiles","volume":"74","author":"Bhatt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.2217\/fca-2020-0106","article-title":"Impact of expanded FDA indication for icosapent ethyl on enhanced cardiovascular residual risk reduction","volume":"17","author":"Boden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Future Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2313","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz962","article-title":"Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Pathophysiological, genetic, and therapeutic insights: A consensus statement from the European atherosclerosis society consensus panel","volume":"41","author":"Bor\u00e9n","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0095","first-page":"681","article-title":"Overview of omega-3 fatty acid therapies","volume":"38","author":"Bradberry","year":"2013","journal-title":"P. T."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2016.04.004","article-title":"Triglycerides and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the causal pathway of cardiovascular disease","volume":"118","author":"Budoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa652","article-title":"Effect of icosapent ethyl on progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with elevated triglycerides on statin therapy: Final results of the EVAPORATE trial","volume":"41","author":"Budoff","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2019.07.004","article-title":"The economic burden of hypertriglyceridemia among US adults with diabetes or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease on statin therapy","volume":"13","author":"Case","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Lipidology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2006.08.005","article-title":"From pathophysiology to targeted therapy for atherothrombosis: A role for the combination of statin and aspirin in secondary prevention","volume":"113","author":"Chapman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr112","article-title":"Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: Evidence and guidance for management","volume":"32","author":"Chapman","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00349","article-title":"Improving risk assessment in the European food safety authority: Lessons from the European medicines Agency","volume":"11","author":"Chatzopoulou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12591","article-title":"Changes in transcriptome of macrophages in atherosclerosis","volume":"19","author":"Chistiakov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2019.03.014","article-title":"Management of dyslipidaemia in patients with coronary heart disease: Results from the ESC-EORP EUROASPIRE V survey in 27 countries","volume":"285","author":"De Backer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4807","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab555","article-title":"A possible explanation for the contrasting results of REDUCE-IT vs. STRENGTH: Cohort study mimicking trial designs","volume":"42","author":"Doi","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0150","first-page":"137","article-title":"Eicosapentaenoic acid reduced the progression of the coronary atherosclerosis in the patients with optimal LDL cholesterol lowering therapy [abstract P689]","volume":"34","author":"Domei","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.11.001","article-title":"DHA- and EPA-derived resolvins, protectins, and maresins in airway inflammation","volume":"785","author":"Duvall","year":"2016","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)91505-2","article-title":"Eicosapentaenoic acid and prevention of thrombosis and atherosclerosis?","volume":"2","author":"Dyerberg","year":"1978","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0165","first-page":"12","article-title":"The effect of arachidonic- and eicosapentaenoic acid on the synthesis of prostacyclin-like material in human umbilical vasculature","volume":"8","author":"Dyerberg","year":"1980","journal-title":"Artery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.03.151","article-title":"Prevalence of M4 macrophages within human coronary atherosclerotic plaques is associated with features of plaque instability","volume":"186","author":"Erbel","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0175","series-title":"Omega-3 acid ethyl esters - containing medicinal products for oral in use in secondary prevention after myocardial infarction","author":"European Medicines Agency","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0180","series-title":"Vazkepa(icosapent ethyl): an overview","author":"European Medicines Agency","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0185","series-title":"European Society of Cardiology","author":"European Society of Cardiology Fact Sheet for Press","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2307\u20132314","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0190","article-title":"Residual hypertriglyceridemia and estimated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk by statin use in U.S. adults with diabetes: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007\u20132014","volume":"42","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s40119-020-00170-x","article-title":"Prevalence of US adults with triglycerides\u2265150 mg\/dl: NHANES 2007\u20132014","volume":"9","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiology and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2020.11.006","article-title":"Triglycerides and risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: An update","volume":"114","author":"Farnier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx144","article-title":"Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. 1. Evidence from genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical studies. A consensus statement from the European atherosclerosis society consensus panel","volume":"38","author":"Ference","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.20045","article-title":"Association of triglyceride-lowering LPL variants and LDL-C-lowering LDLR variants with risk of coronary heart disease","volume":"321","author":"Ference","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23437","article-title":"Applicability of the REDUCE-IT trial to the FAST-MI registry. Are the results of randomized trials relevant in routine clinical practice?","volume":"43","author":"Ferri\u00e8res","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2019.02.009","article-title":"Incidence, factors, and clinical significance of cholesterol crystals in coronary plaque: An optical coherence tomography study","volume":"283","author":"Fujiyoshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0225","first-page":"A34","article-title":"Residual risk in cardiac rehab: Can we reduce-it more? Eligibility for icosapent ethyl in patients attending cardiac rehabilitation [abstract 54]","volume":"106","author":"Gaine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.04.061","article-title":"Unmet need for adjunctive dyslipidemia therapy in hypertriglyderidemia management","volume":"72","author":"Ganda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2019.07.001","article-title":"The cost-effectiveness of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids - the Australian healthcare perspective","volume":"67","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4791","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab551","article-title":"Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants: Metabolic insights, role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and emerging therapeutic strategies-a consensus statement from the European atherosclerosis society","volume":"42","author":"Ginsberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61239-8","article-title":"Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with chronic heart failure (the GISSI-HF trial): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"372","author":"GISSI-HF Investigators","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.7762\/cnr.2019.8.1.17","article-title":"Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation on paraoxonase 2 gene expression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized double-blind clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Golzari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-017-0591-5","article-title":"Prevalence and treatment of atherogenic dyslipidemia in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in Europe: EURIKA, a cross-sectional observational study","volume":"17","author":"Halcox","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovascular Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0260","article-title":"Body mass index, triglycerides, and risk of acute pancreatitis: A population-based study of 118 000 individuals","volume":"105","author":"Hansen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-301700","article-title":"French Registry on acute ST-elevation and non ST-elevation myocardial infarction 2010. FAST-MI 2010","volume":"98","author":"Hanssen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2019.10.008","article-title":"Understanding why REDUCE-IT was positive - mechanistic overview of eicosapentaenoic acid","volume":"62","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30264-5","article-title":"Rare dyslipidaemias, from phenotype to genotype to management: A European atherosclerosis society task force consensus statement","volume":"8","author":"Hegele","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70191-8","article-title":"The polygenic nature of hypertriglyceridaemia: Implications for definition, diagnosis, and management","volume":"2","author":"Hegele","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1097\/00043798-199604000-00014","article-title":"Plasma triglyceride level is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level: A meta-analysis of population-based prospective studies","volume":"3","author":"Hokanson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiovascular Risk"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2013.11.031","article-title":"An international atherosclerosis society position paper: Global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia: Executive summary","volume":"232","author":"International Atherosclerosis Society","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2013.12.005","article-title":"An International Atherosclerosis Society Position Paper: global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia--full report","volume":"8","author":"International Atherosclerosis Society","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Lipidology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S210149","article-title":"Spotlight on icosapent ethyl for cardiovascular risk reduction: Evidence to date","volume":"16","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vascular Health and Risk Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2021.02.014","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of omega-3 fatty acids: Hope or hype?","volume":"322","author":"Jo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs431","article-title":"Genetically elevated non-fasting triglycerides and calculated remnant cholesterol as causal risk factors for myocardial infarction","volume":"34","author":"Jorgensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052209","article-title":"Effects of n-3 fatty acid supplements in elderly patients after myocardial infarction: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"143","author":"Kalstad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa172","article-title":"Triglycerides and remnant cholesterol associated with risk of aortic valve stenosis: Mendelian randomization in the Copenhagen general population study","volume":"41","author":"Kaltoft","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-11-0352","article-title":"Relationship between coronary plaque vulnerability and serum n-3\/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio","volume":"75","author":"Kashiyama","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.015593","article-title":"Effects of fatty acid therapy in addition to strong statin on coronary plaques in acute coronary syndrome: an optical coherence tomography study","volume":"9","author":"Kita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of the American Heart Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.106.129254","article-title":"Vascular remodeling: Hemodynamic and biochemical mechanisms underlying Glagov\u2019s phenomenon","volume":"27","author":"Korshunov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003603","article-title":"N-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction","volume":"363","author":"Kromhout","year":"2010","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2020.08.546","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of icosapent ethyl (IPE) for the reduction of the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events in Canada [abstract PCV55]","volume":"23","author":"Lachaine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Value in Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2020.102219","article-title":"Dose- and time-dependent increase in circulating anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators following eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation in patients with major depressive disorder and chronic inflammation","volume":"164","author":"Lamon-Fava","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2019-1253","article-title":"Quantifying atherogenic lipoproteins for lipid-lowering strategies: Consensus-based recommendations from EAS and EFLM","volume":"58","author":"Langlois","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz785","article-title":"Clinical review on triglycerides","volume":"41","author":"Laufs","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz767","article-title":"Real-world risk of cardiovascular outcomes associated with hypertriglyceridaemia among individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and potential eligibility for emerging therapies","volume":"41","author":"Lawler","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03392-8","article-title":"The changing landscape of atherosclerosis","volume":"592","author":"Libby","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvaa275","article-title":"Inflammation in atherosclerosis-no longer a theory","volume":"67","author":"Libby","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz455","article-title":"2019 ESC\/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: Lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk: The task force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European atherosclerosis society (EAS)","volume":"41","author":"Mach","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1811403","article-title":"Marine n-3 fatty acids and prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer","volume":"380","author":"Manson","year":"2019","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.04.118","article-title":"Eicosapentaenoic acid improves endothelial function and nitric oxide bioavailability in a manner that is enhanced in combination with a statin","volume":"103","author":"Mason","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.119.313286","article-title":"Emerging mechanisms of cardiovascular protection for the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid","volume":"40","author":"Mason","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-50621-6_5","article-title":"Epoxy fatty acids are promising targets for treatment of pain, cardiovascular disease and other indications characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic stress and inflammation","volume":"1274","author":"McReynolds","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.10.038","article-title":"Impact of triglyceride levels beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol after acute coronary syndrome in the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 trial","volume":"51","author":"Miller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-014-0135-6","article-title":"Plasma triglycerides predict ten-years all-cause mortality in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal observational study","volume":"13","author":"Miselli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Diabetology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.3.420","article-title":"Interleukin-8 mediates downregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression in cholesterol-loaded human macrophages: Relevance to stability of atherosclerotic plaque","volume":"99","author":"Moreau","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2021.1921491","article-title":"EPA\u2019s pleiotropic mechanisms of action: A narrative review","volume":"133","author":"Nelson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Postgraduate Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.22258","article-title":"Effect of high-dose omega-3 fatty acids vs corn oil on major adverse cardiovascular events in patients at high cardiovascular risk: The STRENGTH randomized clinical trial","volume":"324","author":"Nicholls","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.02.025","article-title":"Stabilizing effect of combined eicosapentaenoic acid and statin therapy on coronary thin-cap fibroatheroma","volume":"234","author":"Nishio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306249","article-title":"Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: New insights from epidemiology, genetics, and biology","volume":"118","author":"Nordestgaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.3.299","article-title":"Nonfasting triglycerides and risk of myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, and death in men and women","volume":"298","author":"Nordestgaard","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61177-6","article-title":"Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease","volume":"384","author":"Nordestgaard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0450","first-page":"836","article-title":"Do omega-3 fatty acids decrease the incidence of atrial fibrillation?","volume":"6","author":"Ofman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Atrial Fibrillation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1203859","article-title":"N-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with dysglycemia","volume":"367","author":"ORIGIN Trial Investigators","year":"2012","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00252","article-title":"Causes and consequences of hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"11","author":"Packard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2678","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000145615.33955.83","article-title":"Serum triglycerides as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in the Asia-Pacific region","volume":"110","author":"Patel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050276","article-title":"Reduction in revascularization with icosapent ethyl: Insights from REDUCE-IT revascularization analyses","volume":"143","author":"Peterson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.01.016","article-title":"Generalizability of the REDUCE-IT trial in patients with stable coronary artery disease","volume":"73","author":"Picard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2018.09.011","article-title":"Rationale and design of the Pemafibrate to reduce cardiovascular outcomes by reducing triglycerides in patients with diabetes (PROMINENT) study","volume":"206","author":"Pradhan","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0438-6","article-title":"Comparison of different definitions of the metabolic syndrome in relation to cardiovascular mortality in European men and women","volume":"49","author":"Qiao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.04.059","article-title":"Triglycerides and residual atherosclerotic risk","volume":"77","author":"Raposeiras-Roubin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.948562","article-title":"OMEGA, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to test the effect of highly purified omega-3 fatty acids on top of modern guideline-adjusted therapy after myocardial infarction","volume":"122","author":"Rauch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaa047","article-title":"EU-wide cross-sectional observational study of lipid-modifying therapy use in secondary and primary care: the DA VINCI study","volume":"28","author":"Ray","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707914","article-title":"Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease","volume":"377","author":"Ridker","year":"2017","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: Update from the GBD 2019 study","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.04.050","article-title":"Remnant-like particle cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein triglycerides, and incident cardiovascular disease","volume":"72","author":"Saeed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000682","article-title":"Remnant lipoproteins: Are they equal to or more atherogenic than LDL?","volume":"31","author":"Salinas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Lipidology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-011-0219-7","article-title":"Residual cardiovascular risk despite optimal LDL cholesterol reduction with statins: the evidence, etiology, and therapeutic challenges","volume":"14","author":"Sampson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.03.544","article-title":"Fasting triglycerides predict recurrent ischemic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with statins","volume":"65","author":"Schwartz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI97943","article-title":"Resolvins in inflammation: Emergence of the pro-resolving superfamily of mediators","volume":"128","author":"Serhan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2262","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.22387","article-title":"Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on major adverse cardiovascular events: What matters most: the drug, the dose, or the placebo?","volume":"324","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000665","article-title":"Are dietary fish oil supplements appropriate for dyslipidemia management? A review of the evidence","volume":"31","author":"Sherratt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Lipidology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22730","article-title":"Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of the CLARIFY registry of outpatients with stable coronary artery disease","volume":"40","author":"Sorbets","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2014.07.020","article-title":"Cytochrome P epoxygenase pathway of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism","volume":"1851","author":"Spector","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0560","first-page":"103","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults and children: Where do we stand?","volume":"22","author":"Spooner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.5.1355","article-title":"A definition of advanced types of atherosclerotic lesions and a histological classification of atherosclerosis. A report from the committee on vascular lesions of the council on arteriosclerosis, American Heart Association","volume":"92","author":"Stary","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4865","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab760","article-title":"The reduction in cardiovascular risk in REDUCE-IT is due to eicosapentaenoic acid in icosapent ethyl","volume":"42","author":"Steg","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66b","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00041-1","article-title":"Comparison of statins in hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"81","author":"Stein","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2011.10.003","article-title":"Hypertriglyceridemia secondary to obesity and diabetes","volume":"1821","author":"Subramanian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2020.26.6.782","article-title":"The effectiveness and value of rivaroxaban and icosapent ethyl as additive therapies for cardiovascular disease","volume":"26","author":"Synnott","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.09.008","article-title":"Monocyte-macrophages and T cells in atherosclerosis","volume":"47","author":"Tabas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.7260","article-title":"Add-on therapy of EPA reduces oxidative stress and inhibits the progression of aortic stiffness in patients with coronary artery disease and statin therapy: A randomized controlled study","volume":"18","author":"Takaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3793","article-title":"Cholesterol, inflammation and innate immunity","volume":"15","author":"Tall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1205409","article-title":"N-3 fatty acids in patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors: the risk and prevention study collaborative group","volume":"368","year":"2013","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz859","article-title":"European Society of Cardiology: Cardiovascular disease statistics 2019","volume":"41","author":"Timmis","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S104369","article-title":"Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as a causal factor for cardiovascular disease","volume":"12","author":"Toth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vascular Health and Risk Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.03.028","article-title":"Association of elevated triglycerides with increased cardiovascular risk and direct costs in statin-treated patients","volume":"94","author":"Toth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0625","series-title":"Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee Briefing Document: Vascepa\u00ae (icosapent ethyl; AMR101) REDUCE-IT\u00ae (Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with EPA \u2013 Intervention Trial) NDA Number: 202057","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0630","series-title":"FDA briefing document endocrinologic and metabolic drugs advisory committee meeting","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0635","series-title":"Randomized trial for evaluation in secondary prevention efficacy of combination therapy - statin and eicosapentaenoic acid UMIN000012069","author":"UMIN Clinical Trials Registry","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.08.1026","article-title":"Remnant cholesterol as a causal risk factor for ischemic heart disease","volume":"61","author":"Varbo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0645","series-title":"Bridgewater","author":"Vascepa [package insert]","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0650","series-title":"Dublin","author":"Vazkepa [summary of product characteristics]","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.06.011","article-title":"2021 ACC expert consensus decision pathway on the management of ASCVD risk reduction in patients with persistent hypertriglyceridemia: A report of the American College of Cardiology Solution set Oversight Committee","volume":"78","author":"Virani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab484","article-title":"2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice","volume":"42","author":"Visseren","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2017.07.007","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with coronary heart disease on statins","volume":"70","author":"Watanabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0670","series-title":"Cost-effectiveness of icosapent ethyl in REDUCE-IT [poster]","author":"Weintraub","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1159\/000336618","article-title":"Macrophage differentiation and function in atherosclerosis: Opportunities for therapeutic intervention?","volume":"4","author":"Williams","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Innate Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.08.015","article-title":"REDUCE-IT eligibility and preventable cardiovascular events in the US population (from the National Health and nutrition examination survey [NHANES])","volume":"134","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"The American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60527-3","article-title":"Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): A randomised open-label, blinded endpoint analysis","volume":"369","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17018-9","article-title":"Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): Case-control study","volume":"364","author":"Yusuf","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-020-00893-1","article-title":"Omega n-3 supplementation: Exploring the cardiovascular benefits beyond lipoprotein reduction","volume":"22","author":"Zambon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172_bb0700","first-page":"A26","article-title":"Scenario analyses of lifetime cost-effectiveness of icosapent ethyl in REDUCE-IT [abstract]","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation. Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes"}],"container-title":["Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163725822000663?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163725822000663?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T22:25:52Z","timestamp":1759011952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0163725822000663"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":139,"alternative-id":["S0163725822000663"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-7258"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-7258","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Reducing residual cardiovascular risk in Europe: Therapeutic implications of European medicines agency approval of icosapent ethyl\/eicosapentaenoic acid","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108172","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108172"}}