{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T16:52:39Z","timestamp":1793379159136,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":241,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology & Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T15:48:11Z","timestamp":1712936891000},"page":"108649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Ultramicronized N-palmitoylethanolamine associated with analgesics: Effects against persistent pain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"258","author":[{"given":"Stefania","family":"Nobili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Micheli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Lucarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Toti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Ghelardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Di Cesare Mannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17031030","article-title":"Chemical impurities: An epistemological riddle with serious side effects","volume":"17","author":"Abdin","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2012.08.006","article-title":"Reduction of ischemic brain injury by administration of palmitoylethanolamide after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats","volume":"1477","author":"Ahmad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.06.007","article-title":"Harnessing the anti-inflammatory potential of palmitoylethanolamide","volume":"19","author":"Alhouayek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Discovery Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01972748","article-title":"A proposed autacoid mechanism controlling mastocyte behaviour","volume":"39","author":"Aloe","year":"1993","journal-title":"Agents and Actions"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-019-00584-7","article-title":"Role of cannabinoid receptor 1 and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b1 in mediating anti-nociceptive effects of synthetic cannabinoids and a cannabinoid-like compound","volume":"27","author":"Alsalem","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12029","article-title":"Activation and desensitization of TRPV1 channels in sensory neurons by the PPARalpha agonist palmitoylethanolamide","volume":"168","author":"Ambrosino","year":"2013","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000623","article-title":"Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide in spinal cord injury neuropathic pain: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"157","author":"Andresen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1517\/17460441.2012.714363","article-title":"The influence of lipophilicity in drug discovery and design","volume":"7","author":"Arnott","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Opinion in Drug Discovery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0045","first-page":"51","article-title":"Incorporation of labelled N-acylethanolamine (NAE) into rat brain regions in vivo and adaptive properties of saturated NAE under x-ray irradiation","volume":"77","author":"Artamonov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ukrainski\u012d Biokhimicheski\u012d Zhurnal"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0050","first-page":"353","article-title":"Efficacy of Palmitoylethanolamide for pain: A Meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Artukoglu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0055","first-page":"295","article-title":"The carpal tunnel syndrome in diabetes: Clinical and electrophysiological improvement after treatment with palmitoylethanolamide. EFNS","volume":"17","author":"Assini","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.115090","article-title":"UHPLC-ESI-MS\/MS assay for quantification of endocannabinoids in cerebrospinal fluid using surrogate calibrant and surrogate matrix approaches","volume":"222","author":"Aydin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)97531-9","article-title":"Fatty acid amides of ethanolamine in mammalian tissues","volume":"240","author":"Bachur","year":"1965","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2005.11.003","article-title":"In silico patent searching reveals a new cannabinoid receptor","volume":"27","author":"Baker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends in Pharmacological Sciences"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5387","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12850","article-title":"Heteromerization of GPR55 and cannabinoid CB2 receptors modulates signalling","volume":"171","author":"Balenga","year":"2014","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527311312010007","article-title":"Measurement of Palmitoylethanolamide and other N-Acylethanolamines during physiological and pathological conditions","volume":"12","author":"Balvers","year":"2013","journal-title":"CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets"},{"issue":"14\u201315","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2009.04.010","article-title":"Development and validation of a quantitative method for the determination of 12 endocannabinoids and related compounds in human plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"877","author":"Balvers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12692","article-title":"Plasma N-acylethanolamine and endocannabinoid levels in burning mouth syndrome: Potential role in disease pathogenesis","volume":"47","author":"Barry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00821","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) as a potential therapeutic agent in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Beggiato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527311312010008","article-title":"Non-neuronal cell modulation relieves neuropathic pain: Efficacy of the endogenous lipid palmitoylethanolamide","volume":"12","author":"Bettoni","year":"2013","journal-title":"CNS & Neurolological Disorders - Drug Targets"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.12427","article-title":"N-Acylethanolamines: Lipid metabolites with functions in plant growth and development","volume":"79","author":"Blancaflor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.09.023","article-title":"Ultra-micronized palmitoylethanolamide rescues the cognitive decline-associated loss of neural plasticity in the neuropathic mouse entorhinal cortex-dentate gyrus pathway","volume":"121","author":"Boccella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Disease"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20071757","article-title":"Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 and 8 modulate the ameliorative effect of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide on cognitive decline associated with neuropathic pain","volume":"20","author":"Boccella","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12907","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid, is an orally effective intestinal anti-inflammatory agent","volume":"172","author":"Borrelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2018.03.007","article-title":"N-acylethanolamine hydrolyzing acid amidase inhibition: Tools and potential therapeutic opportunities","volume":"23","author":"Bottemanne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Discovery Today"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2005.06.009","article-title":"Survey of chronic pain in Europe: Prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Breivik","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Journal of Pain"},{"issue":"2:3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0145","first-page":"1","article-title":"Increased absorption of palmitoylethanolamide using a novel dispersion technology system (LipiSperse\u00ae)","volume":"5","author":"Briskey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal Nutraceuticals and Food Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s40487-021-00168-y","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: Epidemiology, pathomechanisms and treatment","volume":"9","author":"Burgess","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oncology and Therapy"},{"issue":"6690","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1038\/28393","article-title":"Control of pain initiation by endogenous cannabinoids","volume":"394","author":"Calignano","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(01)00988-8","article-title":"Antinociceptive activity of the endogenous fatty acid amide, palmitylethanolamide","volume":"419","author":"Calignano","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2016.09.084","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide sub-micronization using fast precipitation followed by supercritical fluids extraction","volume":"305","author":"Campardelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Powder Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2011.05.004","article-title":"Endocannabinoids inhibit release of nerve growth factor by inflammation-activated mast cells","volume":"82","author":"Cantarella","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochemical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2009.06.011","article-title":"Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on immunologically induced histamine, PGD2 and TNFalpha release from canine skin mast cells","volume":"133","author":"Cerrato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pjnns.2017.11.002","article-title":"Nonsurgical lumbar radiculopathies treated with ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (umPEA): A series of 100 cases","volume":"52","author":"Chirchiglia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00674","article-title":"Effects of add-on ultramicronized N-palmitol ethanol amide in patients suffering of migraine with aura: A pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Chirchiglia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1070","article-title":"N-Palmitoyl ethanol amide pharmacological treatment in patients with nonsurgical lumbar radiculopathy","volume":"58","author":"Chirchiglia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1080\/19390211.2021.2005733","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide: A Potential Alternative to Cannabidiol","volume":"20","author":"Clayton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Dietary Supplements"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2011.04.011","article-title":"Effectiveness of the association micronized N-Palmitoylethanolamine (PEA)-transpolydatin in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain related to endometriosis after laparoscopic assessment: A pilot study","volume":"158","author":"Cobellis","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.100.5.425","article-title":"The effect of egg yolk in diets on anaphylactiv arthritis (passive Arthus phenomenon) in the guinea pig","volume":"100","author":"Coburn","year":"1954","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0210","first-page":"744","article-title":"Nutrition as a conditioning factor in the rheumatic state","volume":"65","author":"Coburn","year":"1943","journal-title":"American Journal of Diseases of Children"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0215","author":"Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCRCT)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/854560","article-title":"Short-term efficacy of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide in peripheral neuropathic pain","volume":"2014","author":"Cocito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain Research and Treatment"},{"issue":"10289","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00393-7","article-title":"Chronic pain 1 chronic pain: An update on burden, best practices, and new advances","volume":"397","author":"Cohen","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68058-3","article-title":"A new role for anandamide: Defective link between the systemic and skin endocannabinoid systems in hypertrophic human wound healing","volume":"10","author":"Correia-S\u00e1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.06.003","article-title":"The endogenous fatty acid amide, palmitoylethanolamide, has anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic effects in a murine model of neuropathic pain: Involvement of CB1, TRPV1 and PPAR\u03b3 receptors and neurotrophic factors","volume":"139","author":"Costa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"6604","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/384083a0","article-title":"Molecular characterization of an enzyme that degrades neuromodulatory fatty-acid amides","volume":"384","author":"Cravatt","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13958","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial: The analgesic properties of dietary supplementation with palmitoylethanolamide and polydatin in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Cremon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12081155","article-title":"The beneficial effects of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide in the management of neuropathic pain and associated mood disorders induced by paclitaxel in mice","volume":"12","author":"Cristiano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527318666190703110036","article-title":"Micronized palmitoylethanolamide: A post hoc analysis of a controlled study in patients with low back pain - Sciatica","volume":"18","author":"Cruccu","year":"2019","journal-title":"CNS & Neurolological Disorders - Drug Targets"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.04.022","article-title":"Central administration of palmitoylethanolamide reduces hyperalgesia in mice via inhibition of NF-\u03baB nuclear signalling in dorsal root ganglia","volume":"613","author":"D\u2019Agostino","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15436\/2377-1348.16.019","article-title":"Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide reduces frequency and pain intensity in migraine. A pilot study","volume":"3","author":"Dalla Volta","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Neurology and Brain Disorders"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21239074","article-title":"Synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation of metabolically stable analogues of the endogenous fatty acid amide palmitoylethanolamide","volume":"21","author":"D\u2019Aloia","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3211","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-018-5020-7","article-title":"Effects of fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597 in a rat model of trauma-induced long-term anxiety","volume":"235","author":"Danandeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2010.12.046","article-title":"Evaluation of endogenous fatty acid amides and their synthetic analogues as potential anti-inflammatory leads","volume":"19","author":"Dang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2005.01.001","article-title":"Involvement of the cannabimimetic compound, N-palmitoyl-ethanolamine, in inflammatory and neuropathic conditions: Review of the available pre-clinical data, and first human studies","volume":"48","author":"Darmani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2009.11.005","article-title":"Levels of endocannabinoids and palmitoylethanolamide and their pharmacological manipulation in chronic granulomatous inflammation in rats","volume":"61","author":"De Filippis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacological Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002223","article-title":"Spinal nociceptive sensitization and plasma palmitoylethanolamide levels during experimentally induced migraine attacks","volume":"162","author":"De Icco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(01)02934-9","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide enhances anandamide stimulation of human vanilloid VR1 receptors","volume":"506","author":"De Petrocellis","year":"2001","journal-title":"FEBS Letters"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgad004","article-title":"N-palmitoylethanolamide synergizes the antinociception of morphine and gabapentin in the formalin test in mice","volume":"75","author":"D\u00e9ciga-Campos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-015-0038-6","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide in fibromyalgia: Results from prospective and retrospective observational studies","volume":"4","author":"Del Giorno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain and therapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12091186","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide and related ALIAmides for small animal health: State of the art","volume":"12","author":"Della Rocca","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0330","series-title":"Use of N-acyl derivatives of aminoalcohols for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of pathologies involving mast cells","author":"Della Valle","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0335","series-title":"Composition containing ultra-micronized palmitoyl-ethanolamide","author":"Della Valle","year":"2009"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6030","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.11.6030","article-title":"Anandamide Amidohydrolase activity in rat brain Microsomes Identificatyion and partial characterization","volume":"270","author":"Desarnaud","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0345","first-page":"9","article-title":"Combination of pregabalin and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) for neuropathic pain treatment","volume":"7","author":"Desio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pathos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0350","first-page":"63","article-title":"Combination of oxycodone and palmitoylethanolamide for low back pain treatment","volume":"1","author":"Desio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anestesia e Medicina critica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0355","first-page":"4","article-title":"Combination of carbamazepine and palmitoylethanolamide for trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"4","author":"Desio","year":"2010","journal-title":"PeriMed"},{"issue":"5090","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1470919","article-title":"Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor","volume":"258","author":"Devane","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2020.110248","article-title":"Micronization in food processing: A comprehensive review of mechanistic approach, physicochemical, functional properties and self-stability of micronized food materials","volume":"292","author":"Dhiman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Food Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0370","first-page":"894732","article-title":"Delay of morphine tolerance by palmitoylethanolamide","author":"Di Cesare Mannelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/328797","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide is a disease-modifying agent in peripheral neuropathy: Pain relief and neuroprotection share a PPAR-alpha-mediated mechanism","volume":"2013","author":"Di Cesare Mannelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mediators of Inflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00473","article-title":"N-palmitoylethanolamine supplementation for long-lasting, low-dosed morphine antinociception","volume":"9","author":"Di Cesare Mannelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128080","article-title":"Antineuropathic profile of N-Palmitoylethanolamine in a rat model of oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity","volume":"10","author":"Di Cesare Mannelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e318267bbb9","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide reduces early renal dysfunction and injury caused by experimental ischemia and reperfusion in mice","volume":"38","author":"Di Paola","year":"2012","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.116.236182","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide reverses paclitaxel-induced allodynia in mice","volume":"359","author":"Donvito","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006780","article-title":"Genetic compensation: A phenomenon in search of mechanisms","volume":"13","author":"El-Brolosy","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Genetics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12121873","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide mitigates paclitaxel toxicity in primary dorsal root ganglion neurons","volume":"12","author":"Elfarnawany","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(80)90260-X","article-title":"Accumulation of N-acylethanolamine glycerophospholipids in infarcted myocardium","volume":"618","author":"Epps","year":"1980","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527317666180420143830","article-title":"Ultra-micronized Palmitoylethanolamide effects on sleep-wake rhythm and neuropathic pain phenotypes in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: An open-label, randomized controlled study","volume":"17","author":"Evangelista","year":"2018","journal-title":"CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10061236","article-title":"Co-ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide\/luteolin restores oligodendrocyte homeostasis via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-\u03b1 in an in vitro model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Facchinetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.698133","article-title":"Co-Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide\/luteolin-induced oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation is associated with Tyro3 receptor upregulation","volume":"12","author":"Facci","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3376","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.8.3376","article-title":"Mast cells express a peripheral cannabinoid receptor with differential sensitivity to anandamide and palmitoylethanolamide","volume":"92","author":"Facci","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M113.035600","article-title":"Analysis of the human tissue-specific expression by genome-wide integration of transcriptomics and antibody-based proteomics","volume":"13","author":"Fagerberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Proteomics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s10195-017-0453-z","article-title":"Use of palmitoylethanolamide in carpal tunnel syndrome: A prospective randomized study","volume":"18","author":"Faig-Mart\u00ed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M021378","article-title":"Estimation of reference intervals of five endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid related compounds in human plasma by two dimensional-LC\/MS\/MS","volume":"53","author":"Fanelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Lipid Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2023.03.003","article-title":"Neurological adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: An update of clinical presentations, diagnosis, and management","volume":"179","author":"Farina","year":"2023","journal-title":"Revue Neurologique (Paris)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17078","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules191117078","article-title":"Endocannabinoids, related compounds and their metabolic routes","volume":"19","author":"Fezza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085073","article-title":"Endocannabinoid and cannabinoid-like fatty acid amide levels correlate with pain-related symptoms in patients with IBS-D and IBS-C: A pilot study","volume":"8","author":"Fichna","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70251-0","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Finnerup","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"10289","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00392-5","article-title":"Nociplastic pain: Towards an understanding of prevalent pain conditions","volume":"397","author":"Fitzcharles","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabi8834","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abi8834","article-title":"NAAA-regulated lipid signaling governs the transition from acute to chronic pain","volume":"7","author":"Fotio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science Advances"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000674","article-title":"Antinociceptive profile of ARN19702, (2-Ethylsulfonylphenyl)-[(2S)-4-(6-fluoro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]methanone, a novel orally active N-acylethanolamine acid amidase inhibitor, in animal models","volume":"378","author":"Fotio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0485","first-page":"219","article-title":"Quantitative comparison of toxicity of anticancer agents in mouse, rat, hamster, dog, monkey, and man","volume":"50","author":"Freireich","year":"1966","journal-title":"Cancer Chemotherapy Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-15-50","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-synthesis of the impact of low back pain on people\u2019s lives","volume":"15","author":"Froud","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178553","article-title":"Effect of a new formulation of micronized and ultramicronized N-palmitoylethanolamine in a tibia fracture mouse model of complex regional pain syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Fusco","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2014.11.001","article-title":"A quantitiative LC-MS\/MS method for the measurement of arachidonic acid, prostanoids, endocannabinoids, N-acylethanolamines and steroids in human plasma","volume":"976\u2013977","author":"Gachet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0510","first-page":"709","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activity on compounds obtained from egg yolk, peanut oil, and soybean lecithin","volume":"51","author":"Ganley","year":"1958","journal-title":"Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-8707(59)90019-X","article-title":"Antianaphylactic and antiserotonin activity of a compound obtained from egg yolk, peanut oil and soybean lecithin","volume":"30","author":"Ganley","year":"1959","journal-title":"The Journal of Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2008.09.015","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system is modulated in response to spinal cord injury in rats","volume":"33","author":"Garcia-Ovejero","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Disease"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2012.01432.x","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide in the treatment of chronic pain caused by different etiopathogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Gatti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-017-0506-2","article-title":"N-of-1 randomized trials of ultra-micronized Palmitoylethanolamide in older patients with chronic pain","volume":"34","author":"Germini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drugs and Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1748","article-title":"Combinatorial roles of nuclear receptors in inflammation and immunity","volume":"6","author":"Glass","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0540","first-page":"747","article-title":"N-Palmitoylethanolamine depot injection increased its tissue levels and those of other acylethanolamide lipids","volume":"7","author":"Grillo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Design, Development and Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci7020078","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide and related ALIAmides: Prohomeostatic lipid compounds for animal health and wellbeing","volume":"7","author":"Gugliandolo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Veterinary Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00342-1","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide induces microglia changes associated with increased migration and phagocytic activity: Involvement of the CB2 receptor","volume":"7","author":"Guida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0555","first-page":"35","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide (Normast) in chronic neuropathic pain caused by compressive-type lumbar sciatica: A multicenter clinical trial","volume":"25","author":"Guida","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dolor"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0560","article-title":"Enzymatic synthesis of palmitoylethanolamide from ketapang kernel oil","volume":"1321","author":"Gunawan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1007\/s00482-013-1340-z","article-title":"Administrative Pr\u00e4valenz, Behandlung und Krankheitskosten der somatoformen Schmerzst\u00f6rung: Analyse von Daten der BARMER GEK f\u00fcr die Jahre 2008-2010","volume":"27","author":"H\u00e4user","year":"2013","journal-title":"Schmerz"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s00482-014-1438-y","article-title":"Chronic pain, pain disease, and satisfaction of patients with pain treatment in Germany: Results of a representative population survey","volume":"28","author":"H\u00e4user","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schmerz"},{"issue":"Suppl. 11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0575","volume":"63","author":"Hawker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care and Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.324","article-title":"\u201cEntourage\u201d effects of N-palmitoylethanolamide and N-oleoylethanolamide on vasorelaxation to anandamide occur through TRPV1 receptors","volume":"155","author":"Ho","year":"2008","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10030586","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system and PPARs: Focus on their Signalling crosstalk, action and transcriptional regulation","volume":"10","author":"Iannotti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-014-0136-0","article-title":"Micronized\/ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide displays superior oral efficacy compared to nonmicronized palmitoylethanolamide in a rat model of inflammatory pain","volume":"11","author":"Impellizzeri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0600","author":"International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0605","author":"International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision (ICD-11), World Health Organization (WHO)"},{"issue":"10159","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017","volume":"392","author":"James","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2028","article-title":"Central and peripheral endocannabinoids and cognate acylethanolamides in humans: Association with race, adiposity, and energy expenditure","volume":"96","author":"Jumpertz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajps.2014.05.005","article-title":"Pharmaceutical particle technologies: An approach to improve drug solubility, dissolution and bioavailability","volume":"9","author":"Khadka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12735","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0130-12.2012","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b1 mediates acute effects of palmitoylethanolamide on sensory neurons","volume":"32","author":"Khasabova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.200790161","article-title":"The N-acylethanolamine-mediated regulatory pathway in plants","volume":"4","author":"Kilaru","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chemistry and Biodiversity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173194","article-title":"ASP8477, a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor, exerts analgesic effects in rat models of neuropathic and dysfunctional pain","volume":"881","author":"Kiso","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1158","article-title":"Classical endocannabinoid-like compounds and their regulation by nutrients","volume":"40","author":"Kleberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biofactors"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1080\/15622975.2018.1449966","article-title":"Familial abnormalities of endocannabinoid signaling in schizophrenia","volume":"20","author":"Koethe","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5577","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01577a066","article-title":"The identification of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-palmitoile as a naturally occuring anti-inflammatory agent","volume":"79","author":"Kuehl","year":"1957","journal-title":"Journal of the American Chemical Society"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-010-4103-z","article-title":"Simultaneous measurement of three N-acylethanolamides in human bio-matrices using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"398","author":"Lam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867023370707","article-title":"The Palmitoylethanolamide family: A new class of anti-inflammatory agents?","volume":"9","author":"Lambert","year":"2002","journal-title":"Current Medicinal Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15061350","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide in the treatment of chronic pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blind randomized controlled trials","volume":"15","author":"Lang-Illievich","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(96)10058-8","article-title":"Nerve growth factor: From neurotrophin to neurokine","volume":"19","author":"Levi-Montalcini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.05.020","article-title":"Multiple pathways involved in the biosynthesis of anandamide","volume":"54","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13345","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601832103","article-title":"A biosynthetic pathway for anandamide","volume":"103","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.104.006353","article-title":"The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha mediates the anti-inflammatory actions of palmitoylethanolamide","volume":"67","author":"Lo Verme","year":"2005","journal-title":"Molecular Pharmacology"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2005.05.012","article-title":"The search for the palmitoylethanolamide receptor","volume":"77","author":"Lo Verme","year":"2005","journal-title":"Life Sciences"},{"issue":"6921","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(56)90529-3","article-title":"Factor in arachis oil depressing sensitivity to tuberculin in B.C.G.-infected guineapigs","volume":"270","author":"Long","year":"1956","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030596","article-title":"The effect of orally dosed Levagen+TM (palmitoylethanolamide) on exercise recovery in healthy males-A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"12","author":"Mallard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15041165","article-title":"The pharmacological treatment of chronic pain: From guidelines to daily clinical practice","volume":"15","author":"Marcian\u00f2","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0710","first-page":"99","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide versus a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of temporomandibular joint inflammatory pain","volume":"26","author":"Marini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Orofacial Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0715","article-title":"Can celecoxib enhance palmitoylethanolamide\u2019s effect in the treatment of temporo-mandibular arthralgia in osteoarthritis patients?","volume":"5","author":"Marini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Translational Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5900","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-1495-4","article-title":"Targeting CB1 and GPR55 endocannabinoid receptors as a potential neuroprotective approach for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"56","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Pinilla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecular Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.06.017","article-title":"CB1 and GPR55 receptors are co-expressed and form heteromers in rat and monkey striatum","volume":"261","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Pinilla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12648","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222312648","article-title":"Mechanisms, characteristics and treatment of neuropathic pain and peripheral neuropathy associated with dinutuximab in neuroblastoma patients","volume":"22","author":"Mastrangelo","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(95)00109-D","article-title":"Identification of an endogenous 2-monoglyceride, present in canine gut, that binds to cannabinoid receptors","volume":"50","author":"Mechoulam","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochemical Pharmacololgy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X21666221128091453","article-title":"Ultramicronized N-palmitoylethanolamine contributes to morphine efficacy against neuropathic pain: Implication of mast cells and glia","volume":"22","author":"Micheli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Current Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14020403","article-title":"Effects of ultramicronized N-palmitoylethanolamine supplementation on tramadol and oxycodone analgesia and tolerance prevention","volume":"14","author":"Micheli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"701\u2013704","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0750","first-page":"1985","article-title":"High chemoselective synthesis of carboxamides by using syn-phenylpyridyl-o-acyl oximes (PPKO)","volume":"14","author":"Miyasaka","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chemistry Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0755","first-page":"676","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, versus-placebo study of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide in subjects with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Preliminary results. EFNS-ENS","volume":"21","author":"Montella","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.2174\/092986710790980069","article-title":"GPR55: Current knowledge and future perspectives of a purported \u201cType-3\u201d cannabinoid receptor","volume":"17","author":"Moriconi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Current Medicinal Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2005.12.028","article-title":"Diurnal variation of arachidonoylethanolamine, palmitoylethanolamide and oleoylethanolamide in the brain of the rat","volume":"79","author":"Murillo-Rodriguez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Life Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3182652316","article-title":"Vestibulodynia: Synergy between palmitoylethanolamide + transpolydatin and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation","volume":"17","author":"Murina","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7363","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07519-8","article-title":"A novel crosstalk within the endocannabinoid system controls GABA transmission in the striatum","volume":"7","author":"Musella","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4039(00)71520-6","article-title":"Monitored aminolysis of 3-acylthiazolidine-2-thione: A new convenient synthesis of amide","volume":"21","author":"Nagao","year":"1980","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.11.024","article-title":"Attenuation of persistent pain-related behavior by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitors in a rat model of HIV sensory neuropathy","volume":"95","author":"Nasirinezhad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0790","author":"NHS Health Research Authority (HRA)"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(73)90061-0","article-title":"Structural and functional changes in liver mitochondria of mice fed palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)","volume":"22","author":"Obermajerov\u00e1","year":"1973","journal-title":"Biochemical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5298","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M306642200","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a phospholipase D generating anandamide and its congeners","volume":"279","author":"Okamoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2014.03.032","article-title":"A control strategy for bioavailability enhancement by size reduction: Effect of micronization conditions on the bulk, surface and blending characteristics of an active pharmaceutical ingredient","volume":"258","author":"Olusanmi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Powder Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-016-0420-z","article-title":"Oral palmitoylethanolamide treatment is associated with reduced cutaneous adverse effects of interferon-\u03b21a and circulating proinflammatory cytokines in relapsing\u2013remitting multiple sclerosis","volume":"13","author":"Orefice","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2720-7","article-title":"Efficacy of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide in burning mouth syndrome-affected patients: A preliminary randomized double-blind controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Ottaviani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Investigations"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2012.06.010","article-title":"Optimized synthesis and characterization of N-acylethanolamines and O-acylethanolamines, important family of lipid-signalling molecules","volume":"165","author":"Ottria","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2006.02.004","article-title":"Deorphanization of a G protein-coupled receptor for oleoylethanolamide and its use in the discovery of small-molecule hypophagic agents","volume":"3","author":"Overton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0830","author":"Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-009-0025-y","article-title":"Validation of the Italian version of the neuropathic pain symptom inventory in peripheral nervous system diseases","volume":"30","author":"Padua","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0840","first-page":"11","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide, a special food for medical purposes, in the treatment of chronic pain: A pooled data Meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Paladini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486010","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1486010","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide in the treatment of failed Back surgery syndrome","volume":"2017","author":"Paladini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Research and Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3938640","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3938640","article-title":"Tolerability of Palmitoylethanolamide in a pediatric population suffering from migraine: A pilot study","volume":"2020","author":"Papetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain Research and Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0855","series-title":"XIV Congress of the European Shock Society. Taormina, August 31, September 2, 2011","article-title":"Reduction of post stroke spasticity with palmitoylethanolamide treatment","author":"Parabita","year":"2011"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4806.21.07486-3","article-title":"Efficacy of a fixed combination of palmitoylethanolamide and acetyl-l-carnitine (PEA+ALC FC) in the treatment of neuropathies secondary to rheumatic diseases","volume":"112","author":"Parisi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Minerva Medica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-017-0461-9","article-title":"The beneficial use of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide as add-on therapy to Tapentadol in the treatment of low back pain: A pilot study comparing prospective and retrospective observational arms","volume":"17","author":"Passavanti","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-10-20","article-title":"Molecular evidence for the involvement of PPAR-\u03b4 and PPAR-\u03b3 in anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities of palmitoylethanolamide after spinal cord trauma","volume":"10","author":"Paterniti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-10-91","article-title":"A new co-ultramicronized composite including palmitoylethanolamide and luteolin to prevent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury","volume":"10","author":"Paterniti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3509","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103509","article-title":"Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide and paracetamol, a new association to relieve hyperalgesia and pain in a sciatic nerve injury model in rat","volume":"21","author":"Peritore","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0885","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01913256","article-title":"The effect of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-palmitamide on delayed hypersensitivity in guinea-pig","volume":"29","author":"Perl\u00edk","year":"1973","journal-title":"Experientia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0890","first-page":"395","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory properties of N(2-hydroxyethyl) palmitamide","volume":"39","author":"Perl\u00edk","year":"1971","journal-title":"Acta Physiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707464","article-title":"GPR55: A new member of the cannabinoid receptor clan?","volume":"152","author":"Pertwee","year":"2007","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"249","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0900","article-title":"Oral ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide: Plasma and tissue levels and spinal anti-hyperalgesic effect","volume":"9","author":"Petrosino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13580","article-title":"The pharmacology of palmitoylethanolamide and first data on the therapeutic efficacy of some of its new formulations","volume":"174","author":"Petrosino","year":"2017","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2006.08.011","article-title":"Changes in spinal and supraspinal endocannabinoid levels in neuropathic rats","volume":"52","author":"Petrosino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249526","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide: A nutritional approach to keep neuroinflammation within physiological boundaries\u2014A systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Petrosino","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13084","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory mediator palmitoylethanolamide enhances the levels of 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol and potentiates its actions at TRPV1 cation channels","volume":"173","author":"Petrosino","year":"2016","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1671-5","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide counteracts substance P-induced mast cell activation in vitro by stimulating diacylglycerol lipase activity","volume":"16","author":"Petrosino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-022-01033-8","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial assessing the safety and efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide for treating diabetic-related peripheral neuropathic pain","volume":"30","author":"Pickering","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0935","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-052220-021800","article-title":"Endocannabinoid-based therapies","volume":"62","author":"Piomelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7475","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c00191","article-title":"N-Acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA): Structure, function, and inhibition","volume":"63","author":"Piomelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0945","first-page":"12","article-title":"Efficacy of Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide on the clinical symptoms of Charcot-Marie-tooth neuropathy","volume":"1","author":"Putzu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology and Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0950","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.12.023","article-title":"Plasma palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) as a potential biomarker for impaired coronary function","volume":"231","author":"Quercioli","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Cardiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2013.10.006","article-title":"From translation to version management: A history and review of methods for the cultural adaptation of the euroqol five-dimensional questionnaire","volume":"17","author":"Rabin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Value in Health"},{"issue":"12 Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2016.09.008","article-title":"Calcium-dependent generation of N-acylethanolamines and lysophosphatidic acids by glycerophosphodiesterase GDE7","volume":"1861","author":"Rahman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0965","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1081\/PDT-120027417","article-title":"Micron-size drug particles: Common and novel micronization techniques","volume":"9","author":"Rasenack","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmaceutical Development and Technology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(72)90174-2","article-title":"Non-specific resistance induced by palmitoylethanolamide","volume":"10","author":"Raskov\u00e1","year":"1972","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0975","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2005.10.003","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide, endocannabinoids and related cannabimimetic compounds in protection against tissue inflammation and pain: Potential use in companion animals","volume":"173","author":"Re","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Veterinary Journal"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0980","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.5b00114","article-title":"A potent systemically active N-Acylethanolamine acid amidase inhibitor that suppresses inflammation and human macrophage activation","volume":"10","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Chemical Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R43","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2401","article-title":"Characterisation of the cannabinoid receptor system in synovial tissue and fluid in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Richardson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0990","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2562","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.118.311185","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide promotes a proresolving macrophage phenotype and attenuates atherosclerotic plaque formation","volume":"38","author":"Rinne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb0995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01174a081","article-title":"Fatty acid amides. I. Preparation of amides of oleic and the 9,10-Dihydroxystearic acids","volume":"71","author":"Roe","year":"1949","journal-title":"Journal of the American Chemical Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00857","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide supplementation during sensitization prevents airway allergic symptoms in the mouse","volume":"8","author":"Roviezzo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707460","article-title":"The orphan receptor GPR55 is a novel cannabinoid receptor","volume":"152","author":"Ryberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.10.001","article-title":"Impaired duodenal Palmitoylethanolamide release underlies acid-induced mast cell activation in functional dyspepsia","volume":"11","author":"Sarnelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.10.018","article-title":"Antinociceptive effects of the N-acylethanolamine acid amidase inhibitor ARN077 in rodent pain models","volume":"154","author":"Sasso","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.07.853","article-title":"The N-Acylethanolamine acid amidase inhibitor ARN077 suppresses inflammation and pruritus in a mouse model of allergic dermatitis","volume":"138","author":"Sasso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Investigative Dermatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(98)00277-0","article-title":"Identification and cloning of three novel human G protein-coupled receptor genes GPR52, CGPR53 and GPR55: GPR55 is extensively expressed in human brain 1","volume":"64","author":"Sawzdargo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Molecular Brain Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-019-00140-9","article-title":"Combination of rehabilitative therapy with Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide for chronic low Back pain: An observational study","volume":"9","author":"Scaturro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain and therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2006.11.027","article-title":"Determination of anandamide and other fatty acyl ethanolamides in human serum by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"361","author":"Schreiber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Analytical Biochemistry"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-3084(02)00158-5","article-title":"N-Acylethanolamines in human reproductive fluids","volume":"121","author":"Schuel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527318666190227205359","article-title":"Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (um-PEA) as add-on treatment in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS): Retrospective observational study on 407 patients","volume":"18","author":"Schweiger","year":"2019","journal-title":"CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14081672","article-title":"Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) on nociceptive, musculoskeletal and neuropathic pain: Systematic review and Meta-analysis of clinical evidence","volume":"14","author":"Scuteri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2760(97)00132-X","article-title":"Bioactive long chain N-acylethanolamines in five species of edible bivalve molluscs possible implications for mollusc physiology and sea food industry","volume":"1389","author":"Sepe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-012-9351-6","article-title":"The endocannabinoids anandamide and virodhamine modulate the activity of the candidate cannabinoid receptor GPR55","volume":"7","author":"Sharir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26465","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M604660200","article-title":"Endocannabinoid biosynthesis proceeding through glycerophospho-N-acyl ethanolamine and a role for alpha\/beta-hydrolase 4 in this pathway","volume":"281","author":"Simon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9341","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M707807200","article-title":"Anandamide biosynthesis catalyzed by the phosphodiesterase GDE1 and detection of glycerophospho-N-acyl ethanolamine precursors in mouse brain","volume":"283","author":"Simon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6026","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01702-12","article-title":"Influence of vehicles used for oral dosing of test molecules on the progression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice","volume":"56","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00233","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of co-ultraPEALut in a mouse model of vascular dementia","volume":"8","author":"Siracusa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3984","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.9.3984","article-title":"The ALIAmide palmitoylethanolamide and cannabinoids, but not anandamide, are protective in a delayed postglutamate paradigm of excitotoxic death in cerebellar granule neurons (N-methyl-D-aspartate\/neurotoxicity\/N-acylethanolamides\/neuroprotection\/receptor)","volume":"93","author":"Skaper","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9253-8","article-title":"N-palmitoylethanolamine and neuroinflammation: A novel therapeutic strategy of resolution","volume":"52","author":"Skaper","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecular Neurobiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-013-0191-7","article-title":"Palmitoylethanolamide, a naturally occurring disease-modifying agent in neuropathic pain","volume":"22","author":"Skaper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-013-8487-6","article-title":"Glia and mast cells as targets for palmitoylethanolamide, an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective lipid mediator","volume":"48","author":"Skaper","year":"2013","journal-title":"Molecular Neurobiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12170","article-title":"Mast cells, glia and neuroinflammation: Partners in crime?","volume":"141","author":"Skaper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00072","article-title":"An inflammation-centric view of neurological disease: Beyond the neuron","volume":"12","author":"Skaper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704732","article-title":"\u201cEntourage\u201d effects of N-acyl ethanolamines at human vanilloid receptors. Comparison of effects upon anandamide-induced vanilloid receptor activation and upon anandamide metabolism","volume":"136","author":"Smart","year":"2002","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-019-00582-9","article-title":"A double-blind randomized placebo controlled study assessing safety, tolerability and efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide for symptoms of knee osteoarthritis","volume":"27","author":"Steels","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2018.05.008","article-title":"The relationship of endocannabinoidome lipid mediators with pain and psychological stress in women with fibromyalgia: A case-control study","volume":"19","author":"Stensson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S204275","article-title":"Effect of ultramicronized-palmitoylethanolamide and co-micronizedpalmitoylethanolamide\/polydatin on chronic pelvic pain and quality of life in endometriosis patients: An open-label pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Stochino Loi","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2437","article-title":"2-Arachidonoylglycerol: A possible endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand in brain","volume":"215","author":"Sugiura","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20040031","article-title":"Biosynthesis of anandamide and N-palmitoylethanolamine by sequential actions of phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipase D","volume":"380","author":"Sun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochemical Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1145","first-page":"625","article-title":"The effect of long-term administration of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)palmitamide on the chemotherapy of RBA rat leukemia","volume":"22","author":"Svec","year":"1975","journal-title":"Neoplasma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2014.12.011","article-title":"Effectiveness of the association N-palmitoylethanolamine and transpolydatin in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea","volume":"28","author":"Tartaglia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13020233","article-title":"Ultramicronized N-palmitoylethanolamine regulates mast cell-astrocyte crosstalk: A new potential mechanism underlying the inhibition of morphine tolerance","volume":"13","author":"Toti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001384","article-title":"Chronic pain as a symptom or a disease: The IASP classification of chronic pain for the international classification of diseases (ICD-11)","volume":"160","author":"Treede","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2015.01.002","article-title":"Glycerophosphodiesterase GDE4 as a novel lysophospholipase D: A possible involvement in bioactive N-acylethanolamine biosynthesis","volume":"1851","author":"Tsuboi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.126052","article-title":"(\u2212)-(1R,2R)-3-(3-dimethylamino-1-ethyl-2-methyl-propyl)-phenol hydrochloride (Tapentadol HCl): A novel \u03bc-opioid receptor agonist\/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with broad-spectrum analgesic properties","volume":"323","author":"Tzschentke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35552","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M106261200","article-title":"Purification and characterization of an acid amidase selective for N-palmitoylethanolamine, a putative endogenous anti-inflammatory substance","volume":"276","author":"Ueda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.3390\/cryst11111344","article-title":"Impact of impurities on crystallization and product quality: A case study with paracetamol","volume":"11","author":"Urwin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crystals"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128699","article-title":"Amino acid derivatives as palmitoylethanolamide prodrugs: Synthesis, in vitro metabolism and in vivo plasma profile in rats","volume":"10","author":"Vacondio","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3009","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.03009","article-title":"Cytokines in pain: Harnessing endogenous anti-inflammatory signaling for improved pain management","volume":"10","author":"Vanderwall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6125","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13236125","article-title":"Brentuximab-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: A multidisciplinary approach to manage an emerging challenge in hodgkin lymphoma therapy","volume":"13","author":"Velasco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15122806","article-title":"Chronic musculoskeletal pain, self-reported health and quality of life among older populations in South Africa and Uganda","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199603000-00003","article-title":"A 12-item short-form health survey: Construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity","volume":"34","author":"Ware","year":"1996","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"48","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36569","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M606646200","article-title":"A second fatty acid amide hydrolase with variable distribution among placental mammals","volume":"281","author":"Wei","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2008.242","article-title":"Comprehensive profiling of the human circulating endocannabinoid metabolome: Clinical sampling and sample storage parameters","volume":"46","author":"Wood","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1515\/jbcpp-2015-0080","article-title":"GPR55 - A putative \u201ctype 3\u201d cannabinoid receptor in inflammation","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13565","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13565","article-title":"Potential analgesic effects of a novel N-acylethanolamine acid amidase inhibitor F96 through PPAR-\u03b1","volume":"5","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.104264","article-title":"N-Acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) inhibitor F215 as a novel therapeutic agent for osteoarthritis","volume":"145","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacological Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649_bb1235","first-page":"124","article-title":"Rozpodil N-([1-14C]-pal\u2019mito\u00efl)etanolaminu v tkanynakh shchuriv [distribution of N-([1-14C]-palmitoyl)]ethanolamine in rat tissues","volume":"71","author":"Zhukov","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ukrainski\u012d Biokhimicheski\u012d Zhurnal"}],"container-title":["Pharmacology & Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016372582400069X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016372582400069X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T03:06:51Z","timestamp":1740193611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016372582400069X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":241,"alternative-id":["S016372582400069X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-7258"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-7258","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ultramicronized N-palmitoylethanolamine associated with analgesics: Effects against persistent pain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108649","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108649"}}