{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T07:26:46Z","timestamp":1790494006088,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":178,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacological Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]],"date-time":"2021-11-14T00:15:30Z","timestamp":1636848930000},"page":"105976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Relevant pharmacological interactions between alkylating agents and antiepileptic drugs: Preclinical and clinical data"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Federico","family":"Cucchiara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Luci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Bocci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01300","article-title":"Evolution of cancer pharmacological treatments at the turn of the third millennium","volume":"9","author":"Falzone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1097\/00001813-200008000-00002","article-title":"The clinical pharmacology of alkylating agents in high-dose chemotherapy","volume":"11","author":"Huitema","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anticancer Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146S","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1997.tb03817.x","article-title":"An overview of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide pharmacology","volume":"17","author":"Fleming","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.116.069823","article-title":"Biotransformation and rearrangement of laromustine","volume":"44","author":"Nassar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib5","unstructured":"Bethesda (M.D.): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet], Bethesda (MD), 2012."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Scholar, Alkylating Agents, in: XPharm Compr. Pharmacol. Ref., 2007: pp. 2001\u20132004.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-008055232-3.61034-7"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.18625","article-title":"New-\u00a0onset seizure in adults and adolescents: a review","volume":"316","author":"Gavvala","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib8","unstructured":"Lifetime Risk of Developing or Dying of Cancer - SEER Cancer Statistics, (n.d.). \u3008https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/statistics\/types\/lifetimerisk.html\u3009 (accessed October 8, 2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e375","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70266-8","article-title":"Epilepsy meets cancer: when, why, and what to do about it?","volume":"13","author":"Weller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(03)00435-6","article-title":"Interactions between antiepileptic and chemotherapeutic drugs","volume":"2","author":"Vecht","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/nop\/npv038","article-title":"Seizures and cancer: drug interactions of anticonvulsants with chemotherapeutic agents, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and glucocorticoids","volume":"3","author":"B\u00e9nit","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncol. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2008.08.011","article-title":"Drug interactions between chemotherapeutic regimens and antiepileptics","volume":"30","author":"Yap","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh363","article-title":"Cancer risk in people with epilepsy: the role of antiepileptic drugs","volume":"128","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104786","article-title":"Epileptogenesis and oncogenesis: An antineoplastic role for antiepileptic drugs in brain tumours?","volume":"156","author":"Cucchiara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1517\/13543776.17.9.1061","article-title":"Alkylating agents and cancer therapy","volume":"17","author":"Ralhan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Pat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.2174\/157488506775268515","article-title":"Clinical pharmacology of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide","volume":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib17","first-page":"491","article-title":"Busulfan, cyclophosphamide and fractionated total body irradiation for autologous or syngeneic marrow transplantation for acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia: phase I dose escalation of busulfan based on targeted plasma levels","volume":"17","author":"Demirer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib18","first-page":"21","article-title":"Ifosfamide- and etoposide-based chemotherapy as salvage and mobilizing regimens for poor prognosis lymphoma","volume":"64","author":"Mayer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.thj.6200301","article-title":"Phase II study of cyclophosphamide, interferon-alpha and betamethasone (CIB) as induction therapy for patients 60-75 years of age with multiple myeloma stages II and III","volume":"4","author":"Lundin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hematol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.669","article-title":"Ifosamide, epirubicin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: a regimen for successful mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"19","author":"Arland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib21","first-page":"663","article-title":"High-dose alkylating agents with autologous hematopoietic stem cell support and trastuzumab in ERBB2 overexpressing metastatic breast cancer: a feasibility study","volume":"25","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5166","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.09.423","article-title":"Randomized trial comparing cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil in premenopausal women with node-positive breast cancer: update of National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group T","volume":"23","author":"Levine","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10431","article-title":"A Phase II study of paclitaxel by 24-hour infusion and ifosfamide in anthracycline-resistant metastatic breast carcinoma","volume":"94","author":"Seo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6508","article-title":"Ifosfamide and vinorelbine in advanced platinum-resistant ovarian cancer: excessive toxicity with a potentially active regimen","volume":"84","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mart\u00edn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gynecol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20011001)92:7<1856::AID-CNCR1702>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Ifosfamide, paclitaxel and cisplatin first-line chemotherapy in advanced, suboptimally debulked epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"92","author":"Papadimitriou","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib26","first-page":"14693","article-title":"Pemetrexed and cyclophosphamide combination therapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.3.1.600","article-title":"A phase II study of topotecan and cyclophosphamide with G-CSF in patients with advanced small cell lung cancer","volume":"3","author":"Hobdy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/01.coc.0000046580.51486.FF","article-title":"Phase I study with dose escalation of gemcitabine and cisplatin in combination with ifosfamide (GIP) in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma","volume":"27","author":"Bourgeois","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e16095","article-title":"Low-dose metronomic oral cyclophosphamide plus prednisone for castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC): a retrospective study","volume":"31","author":"Martinez Lago","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2004.08.006","article-title":"Oral low-dose cyclophosphamide in metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer (MHRPC)","volume":"58","author":"Nicolini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(03)01168-9","article-title":"The systemic treatment of advanced and metastatic bladder cancer","volume":"4","author":"Hussain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib32","first-page":"50","article-title":"Ifosfamide in the treatment of bladder cancer","volume":"23","author":"Roth","year":"1996","journal-title":"Semin. Oncol."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1159\/000073362","article-title":"Role of ifosfamide in cervical cancer: an overview","volume":"65","author":"Buda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5925","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S91217","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ifosfamide-based chemotherapy for osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Fan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20648","article-title":"Neoadjuvant etoposide, ifosfamide, and cisplatin for the treatment of olfactory neuroblastoma","volume":"101","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.27783","article-title":"Ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide for neuroblastoma: a high-dose salvage regimen and review of the literature","volume":"119","author":"Kushner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200544110-00003","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide","volume":"44","author":"de Jonge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(94)90387-5","article-title":"Identification of the major human hepatic cytochrome P450 involved in activation and N-dechloroethylation of ifosfamide","volume":"47","author":"Walker","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib39","first-page":"5629","article-title":"Differential activation of cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide by cytochromes P-450 2B and 3A in human liver microsomes","volume":"53","author":"Chang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1980.tb01756.x","article-title":"Repeated investigations of cyclophosphamide disposition in myeloma patients receiving intermittent chemotherapy","volume":"10","author":"Edwards","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200140010-00004","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ifosfamide and its metabolites","volume":"40","author":"Kerbusch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib42","first-page":"60","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of cyclophosphamide in paediatric patients","volume":"31","author":"Tasso","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0000000000000019","article-title":"PharmGKB summary: ifosfamide pathways, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics","volume":"24","author":"Lowenberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharm. Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib44","first-page":"369","article-title":"High-dose thiotepa with autologous bone marrow rescue in pediatric solid tumors","volume":"8","author":"Saarinen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-7372(95)90023-3","article-title":"High-dose chemotherapy regimens for solid tumors","volume":"21","author":"van der Wall","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704642","article-title":"Thiotepa and fractionated TBI conditioning prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation for advanced hematologic malignancies: a phase II single institution trial","volume":"34","author":"Devetten","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e388","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(16)30050-3","article-title":"High-dose chemotherapy with autologous haemopoietic stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma: a prospective, single-arm, phase 2 trial","volume":"3","author":"Illerhaus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1053\/ctrv.2000.0170","article-title":"pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of N,N\u2019,N\" -triethylenethiophosphoramide (ThioTEPA)","volume":"26","author":"Maanen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib49","first-page":"1265","article-title":"Plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of thiotepa in mice","volume":"68","author":"Egorin","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-002-0453-3","article-title":"Cytochrome P450 isozymes 3A4 and 2B6 are involved in the in vitro human metabolism of thiotepa to TEPA","volume":"49","author":"Jacobson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00125562","article-title":"Thiono compounds. 4. In vitro mutagenic and antineoplastic activity of TEPA and thio-TEPA","volume":"1","author":"Breau","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib52","first-page":"4996","article-title":"Evidence for enzymatic activation and oxygen involvement in cytotoxicity and antitumor activity of N,N\u2019,N\u2019\u2019-triethylenethiophosphoramide","volume":"49","author":"Teicher","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib53","first-page":"736","article-title":"J. Sam, Phase I and pharmacokinetic evaluation of thiotepa in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of pediatric patients: evidence for dose-dependent plasma clearance of thiotepa","volume":"49","author":"Heideman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704275","article-title":"In children and adolescents, the pharmacodynamics of high-dose busulfan is dependent on the second alkylating agent used in the combined regimen (melphalan or thiotepa)","volume":"32","author":"Bouligand","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2013.04.005","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide followed by Intravenous Targeted Busulfan for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Outcomes","volume":"19","author":"Rezvani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib56","unstructured":"BC Cancer, Busulfan Monograph, BC Cancer Drug Man. (2018) 1\u20137. \u3008http:\/\/www.bccancer.bc.ca\/drug-database-site\/Drug\u3009 Index\/Busulfan monograph.pdf (accessed May 31, 2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2011.167","article-title":"Intravenous compared with oral busulfan as preparation for allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation for AML and MDS","volume":"47","author":"Sobecks","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1053\/bbmt.2002.v8.pm12374454","article-title":"Intravenous versus oral busulfan as part of a busulfan\/cyclophosphamide preparative regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: decreased incidence of hepatic venoocclusive disease (HVOD), HVOD-related mortality, and overall 100-day m","volume":"8","author":"Kashyap","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.2174\/138161208785061382","article-title":"Therapeutic drug monitoring of busulfan in transplantation","volume":"14","author":"Russell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2010.12.708","article-title":"Influence of GST gene polymorphisms on the clearance of intravenous busulfan in adult patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2009.143","article-title":"Influence of GST gene polymorphisms on busulfan pharmacokinetics in children","volume":"45","author":"Ansari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.12.011","article-title":"Influence of glutathione S-transferase A1 polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics of busulfan","volume":"368","author":"Kusama","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.28.12.1502","article-title":"Optimal prevention of seizures induced by high-dose busulfan","volume":"28","author":"Eberly","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00686213","article-title":"Influence of prophylactic anticonvulsant therapy on high-dose busulphan kinetics","volume":"33","author":"Hassan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"0","DOI":"10.1186\/s42269-018-0011-8","article-title":"Influence of conventional antiepileptic drugs on glutathione-S-transferase and lipid peroxidation in children with idiopathic epilepsy","volume":"42","author":"Elkhayat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bull. Natl. Res. Cent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(95)00565-X","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nitrosourea fotemustine: a French cancer centre multicentric study","volume":"32A","author":"Iliadis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-015-0611-8","article-title":"Nitrosoureas in the management of malignant gliomas","volume":"16","author":"Brandes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib68","first-page":"296","article-title":"Microsomal metabolism of nitrosoureas","volume":"35","author":"Hill","year":"1975","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib69","series-title":"S.A.B.T.-H. (Seventh E. Abutalib (Eds.)","first-page":"849","article-title":"Chapter 57 - pharmacology and molecular mechanisms of antineoplastic agents for hematologic malignancies","author":"Gerson","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00685875","article-title":"Phase I pharmacokinetics study of high-dose fotemustine and its metabolite 2-chloroethanol in patients with high-grade gliomas","volume":"32","author":"Tranchand","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib71","unstructured":"BC Cancer, Lomustine Monograph, BC Cancer Drug Man. (2018) 1\u20135. \u3008http:\/\/www.bccancer.bc.ca\/drug-database-site\/Drug\u3009 Index\/Lomustine_monograph.pdf (accessed May 31, 2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib72","first-page":"813","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of nitrosoureas","volume":"75","author":"Bizzari","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bull. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-004-2338-2","article-title":"P450 enzyme inducing and non-enzyme inducing antiepileptics in glioblastoma patients treated with standard chemotherapy","volume":"72","author":"Oberndorfer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043330","article-title":"Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma","volume":"352","author":"Stupp","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00840","article-title":"Real-world evidence in glioblastoma: Stupp\u2019s regimen after a decade","volume":"10","author":"Lakomy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib76","first-page":"309","article-title":"Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of 14C-temozolomide following oral administration to patients with advanced cancer","volume":"5","author":"Baker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022592913323","article-title":"Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics of intravenous temozolomide in non-human primates","volume":"61","author":"Patel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.5-2-144","article-title":"Temozolomide, a novel alkylating agent with activity in the central nervous system, may improve the treatment of advanced metastatic melanoma","volume":"5","author":"Agarwala","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.2174\/1874467211205010102","article-title":"Temozolomide: mechanisms of action, repair and resistance","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-7372(97)90019-0","article-title":"Temozolomide: a review of its discovery, chemical properties, pre-clinical development and clinical trials","volume":"23","author":"Newlands","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(06)81006-8","article-title":"Mechanisms of action of antiepileptic drugs","volume":"81","author":"White","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02529.x","article-title":"Clinically relevant drug interactions with antiepileptic drugs","volume":"61","author":"Perucca","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.02.014","article-title":"Clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions of antiepileptic drugs with new antidepressants and new antipsychotics","volume":"106","author":"Spina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028020941113","article-title":"Cenobamate: a new adjunctive agent for drug-resistant focal onset epilepsy","volume":"55","author":"Buckley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(02)00188-2","article-title":"Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine decrease phenytoin metabolism through inhibition of CYP2C19","volume":"52","author":"Lakehal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-942257","article-title":"Antiepileptic treatment in paediatric oncology--an interdisciplinary challenge","volume":"218","author":"Tibussek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Klin. Padiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3651","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.06.2323","article-title":"Phase II trial of tipifarnib in patients with recurrent malignant glioma either receiving or not receiving enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs: a North American Brain Tumor Consortium Study","volume":"24","author":"Cloughesy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073897012001041","article-title":"Lamotrigine: pharmacokinetics","volume":"12","author":"Garnett","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0306-5251.2001.01474.x","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of valproic acid as an inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 isoforms: preferential inhibition of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)","volume":"52","author":"Wen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib90","article-title":"A quick review of carbamazepine pharmacokinetics in epilepsy from 1953 to 2012","volume":"18","author":"Tolou-Ghamari","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Res. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3109\/13813455.2015.1026912","article-title":"Changes in the anti-oxidant system in adult epilepsy patients receiving anti-epileptic drugs","volume":"121","author":"I\u015f\u0131k","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib92","unstructured":"Y. Al Khalili, S. Sekhon, S. Jain, Carbamazepine Toxicity, in: StatPearls [Internet], Treasure Island (FL), 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200342120-00002","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of oxcarbazepine","volume":"42","author":"May","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib94","first-page":"508","article-title":"Update on antiepileptic drugs 2019","volume":"25","author":"Abou-khalil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap. Minn.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327115618246","article-title":"Thirteen years of oxcarbazepine exposures reported to US poison centers: 2000 to 2012","volume":"35","author":"Spiller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1976192135","article-title":"Phenytoin: pharmacokinetics and bioavailability","volume":"19","author":"Gugler","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-197904030-00001","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of phenytoin","volume":"4","author":"Richens","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.9740\/mhc.2015.01.008","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic characteristics of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)","volume":"6","author":"Marvanova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ment. Heal. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2020.111393","article-title":"Phenytoin - an anti-seizure drug: overview of its chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"142","author":"Patocka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib100","first-page":"276","article-title":"Paradoxical seizures in phenytoin toxicity","volume":"40","author":"Chua","year":"1999","journal-title":"Singap. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib101","first-page":"329","article-title":"The history of barbiturates a century after their clinical introduction","volume":"1","author":"L\u00f3pez-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib102","first-page":"775","article-title":"Induction of glutathione S-transferase by phenobarbital in rat hepatocyte culture","volume":"12","author":"Sasaki","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib103","unstructured":"J.T. Suddock, M.D. Cain, Barbiturate Toxicity, in: StatPearls [Internet], Treasure Island (FL), 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib104","first-page":"585","article-title":"Physiologically based pharmacokinetics model of primidone and its metabolites phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide in humans, rats, and mice","volume":"26","author":"El-Masri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/479364","article-title":"Molecular and therapeutic potential and toxicity of valproic acid","author":"Chateauvieux","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e32835ea0b2","article-title":"Valproic acid pathway: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics","volume":"23","author":"Ghodke-Puranik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharm. Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s000180050437","article-title":"In vivo effect of sodium valproate on mouse liver","volume":"56","author":"Roma-Giannikou","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.6.9.4567","article-title":"Irinotecan chemotherapy during valproic acid treatment: pharmacokinetic interaction and hepatotoxicity","volume":"6","author":"de Jong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-014-0538-6","article-title":"Treatment of epileptic seizures in brain tumors: a critical review","volume":"37","author":"Bauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00585.x","article-title":"ILAE treatment guidelines: evidence-based analysis of antiepileptic drug efficacy and effectiveness as initial monotherapy for epileptic seizures and syndromes","volume":"47","author":"Glauser","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12074","article-title":"Updated ILAE evidence review of antiepileptic drug efficacy and effectiveness as initial monotherapy for epileptic seizures and syndromes","volume":"54","author":"Glauser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(02)00250-4","article-title":"Effects of antiepileptic comedication on levetiracetam pharmacokinetics: a pooled analysis of data from randomized adjunctive therapy trials","volume":"53","author":"Perucca","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-018-3659-8","article-title":"Comparison of levetiracetam with phenytoin for the prevention of intravenous busulfan-induced seizures in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients","volume":"82","author":"Akiyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9861","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308208101","article-title":"The synaptic vesicle protein SV2A is the binding site for the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam","volume":"101","author":"Lynch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.01132.x","article-title":"Prolonged exposure to levetiracetam reveals a presynaptic effect on neurotransmission","volume":"48","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704766","article-title":"The anti-epileptic drug levetiracetam reverses the inhibition by negative allosteric modulators of neuronal GABA- and glycine-gated currents","volume":"136","author":"Rigo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S60849","article-title":"Profile of brivaracetam and its potential in the treatment of epilepsy","volume":"11","author":"Ferlazzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.13312","article-title":"Evidence-based anti-seizure monotherapy in newly diagnosed epilepsy: a new approach","volume":"142","author":"Compagno Strandberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12984","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of lamotrigine and its metabolite N-2-glucuronide: Influence of polymorphism of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and drug transporters","volume":"82","author":"Milosheska","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/WNF.0b013e3182055c07","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of lamotrigine: results from 12 placebo-controlled clinical trials and clinical implications","volume":"34","author":"Seo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2017.1370096","article-title":"Acute lamotrigine overdose: a systematic review of published adult and pediatric cases","volume":"56","author":"Alyahya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Toxicol. (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000334295.50403.4c","article-title":"Cross-sensitivity of skin rashes with antiepileptic drug use","volume":"71","author":"Hirsch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20175070","article-title":"Identifying the incidence of rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in patients taking lamotrigine: a systematic review of 122 randomized controlled trials","volume":"92","author":"Bloom","year":"2017","journal-title":". Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12588","article-title":"Unexplained spikes in lamotrigine serum concentration: nonlinear elimination?","volume":"135","author":"Ramey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-008-0758-y","article-title":"Carbamazepine induces bioactivation of cyclophosphamide and thiotepa","volume":"63","author":"Ekhart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-004-0922-y","article-title":"Significant induction of cyclophosphamide and thiotepa metabolism by phenytoin","volume":"55","author":"de Jonge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1996.14.5.1484","article-title":"Conditioning regimen-dependent disposition of cyclophosphamide and hydroxycyclophosphamide in human marrow transplantation patients","volume":"14","author":"Slattery","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13365-X","article-title":"Effect of gabapentin on nausea induced by chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer","volume":"361","author":"Jr Guttuso","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00689702","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of high-dose busulphan in relation to age and chronopharmacology","volume":"28","author":"Hassan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-112-7-552_2","article-title":"Anticonvulsants and busulfan","volume":"112","author":"Fitzsimmons","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00685717","article-title":"The effect of hepatic enzyme inducers on busulfan neurotoxicity and myelotoxicity","volume":"27","author":"Fitzsimmons","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1995.tb02574.x","article-title":"Plasma trace element, plasma glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase levels in epileptic children receiving antiepileptic drug therapy","volume":"36","author":"K\u00fcrek\u00e7i","year":"1995","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.03.001","article-title":"Association of antiepileptic medications with outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with busulfan\/cyclophosphamide conditioning","volume":"25","author":"McCune","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24126","article-title":"Levetiracetam for busulfan-induced seizure prophylaxis in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"59","author":"Soni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-017-0537-1","article-title":"Levetiracetam clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring in pediatric patients with epilepsy","volume":"56","author":"Tan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.05.004","article-title":"Single-dose bioavailability of levetiracetam intravenous infusion relative to oral tablets and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and tolerability of levetiracetam intravenous infusion compared with placebo in healthy subjects","volume":"28","author":"Ramael","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2011.05.007","article-title":"Levetiracetam compared to valproic acid: plasma concentration levels, adverse effects and interactions in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"113","author":"Mink","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-012-0836-1","article-title":"Impact of antiepileptic drugs on thrombocytopenia in glioblastoma patients treated with standard chemoradiotherapy","volume":"108","author":"Sim\u00f3","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib139","first-page":"8","article-title":"Effect of valproic acid on pharmacokinetics of active metabolites of cyclophosphamide in mice","volume":"10","author":"Goto","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-199612000-00005","article-title":"Epilepsy in patients with central nervous system tumors","volume":"9","author":"Villemure","year":"1996","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000168903.09277.8f","article-title":"Epileptic seizures during follow-up of patients treated for primary brain tumors","volume":"65","author":"Hildebrand","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.2217\/cns.15.2","article-title":"Chemotherapy in glioma","volume":"4","author":"Taal","year":"2015","journal-title":"CNS Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)07553-1","article-title":"1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) modulates rat liver microsomial cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide activation by suppressing cytochrome P450 2C11 messenger RNA levels","volume":"22","author":"Chang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S1059-1311(03)00096-7","article-title":"Levetiracetam: preliminary experience in patients with primary brain tumours","volume":"12","author":"Wagner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-007-9373-8","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam in patients with metastatic brain tumors","volume":"84","author":"Newton","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181bbfeca","article-title":"Correlation of enzyme-inducing anticonvulsant use with outcome of patients with glioblastoma","volume":"73","author":"Jaeckle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-014-1701-0","article-title":"Anticonvulsant drugs and hematological disease","volume":"35","author":"Verrotti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1983.tb04868.x","article-title":"Decreased phenytoin level during antineoplastic therapy: a case report","volume":"24","author":"Bollini","year":"1983","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008331708395","article-title":"Nitroso-urea-cisplatin-based chemotherapy associated with valproate: increase of haematologic toxicity","volume":"12","author":"Bourg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2007.11.003","article-title":"Valproic acid as epigenetic cancer drug: preclinical, clinical and transcriptional effects on solid tumors","volume":"34","author":"Duenas-Gonzalez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib151","first-page":"267","article-title":"Epilepsy and brain tumors","author":"Englot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6969","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.24.6969","article-title":"Valproic acid de \u00ae nes a novel class of HDAC inhibitors inducing differentiation of transformed cells","volume":"20","author":"Minucci","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.105.014167","article-title":"Rational development of histone deacetylase inhibitors as anticancer agents: a review","volume":"68","author":"Acharya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1586\/14737140.2014.940329","article-title":"Could valproic acid be an effective anticancer agent? The evidence so far","volume":"14","author":"Brodie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2488","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-1930","article-title":"Clinical and biological effects of valproic acid as a histone deacetylase inhibitor on tumor and surrogate tissues: phase I\/II trial of valproic acid and epirubicin\/FEC","volume":"15","author":"Munster","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22891","article-title":"Valproic acid for the treatment of myeloid malignancies","volume":"110","author":"Kuendgen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2867-6-2","article-title":"Antineoplastic effects of the DNA methylation inhibitor hydralazine and the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid in cancer cell lines","volume":"6","author":"Chavez-Blanco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-007-9402-7","article-title":"Valproic acid induces p21 and topoisomerase-II (alpha\/beta) expression and synergistically enhances etoposide cytotoxicity in human glioblastoma cell lines","volume":"85","author":"Das","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-006-9459-6","article-title":"Inhibition of histone deacetylase enhances the anti-proliferative action of antiestrogens on breast cancer cells and blocks tamoxifen-induced proliferation of uterine cells","volume":"105","author":"Hodges-Gallagher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-05-0194","article-title":"In vivo synergy between topoisomerase II and histone deacetylase inhibitors: predictive correlates","volume":"4","author":"Marchion","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmr032","article-title":"Histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid sensitizes B16F10 melanoma cells to cucurbitacin B treatment","volume":"43","author":"Ouyang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.05823","article-title":"Valproic acid, an antiepileptic drug with histone deacetylase inhibitory activity, potentiates the cytotoxic effect of Apo2L\/TRAIL on cultured thoracic cancer cells through mitochondria-dependent caspase activation","volume":"8","author":"Ziauddin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib163","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sodium valproate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in the colon of mice","author":"Khan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Basic Clin. Physiol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-6580.111562","article-title":"Effect of sodium valproate on the toxicity of cyclophosphamide in the testes of mice: influence of pre- and post-treatment schedule","volume":"20","author":"Khan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31822f02e1","article-title":"Prolonged survival with valproic acid use in the EORTC \/ NCIC temozolomide trial for glioblastoma","volume":"77","author":"Weller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/not057","article-title":"Effect of valproic acid on seizure control and on survival in patients with glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"15","author":"Kerkhof","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuro. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.04.038","article-title":"A Phase 2 Study of Concurrent Radiation Therapy, Temozolomide, and the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Valproic Acid for Patients With Glioblastoma","volume":"92","author":"Krauze","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2015.10.009","article-title":"Antiepileptic drug use improves overall survival in breast cancer patients with brain metastases in the setting of whole brain radiotherapy","volume":"117","author":"Reddy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-018-1892-6","article-title":"Choice of antiepileptic drugs affects the outcome in cancer patients with seizures","volume":"20","author":"Cacho-Diaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20071796","article-title":"Glutamate receptors and glioblastoma multiforme: an old \u201croute\u201d for new perspectives","volume":"20","author":"Corsi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11050390","article-title":"Synergistic effect of perampanel and temozolomide in human glioma cell lines","volume":"11","author":"Salmaggi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Pers. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4155","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.21.6895","article-title":"Talampanel with standard radiation and temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma: a multicenter phase II trial","volume":"27","author":"Grossman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-308136","article-title":"Seizure reduction in a low-grade glioma: more than a beneficial side effect of temozolomide","volume":"86","author":"Koekkoek","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib174","first-page":"1027","article-title":"Management of patients with newly diagnosed malignant primary brain tumors with a focus on the evolving role of temozolomide","volume":"3","author":"Gilbert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ther. Clin. Risk Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105636","article-title":"New application of an old drug proparacaine in treating epilepsy via liposomal hydrogel formulation","volume":"169","author":"Taleb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105610","article-title":"Estrogen profile- and pharmacogenetics-based lamotrigine dosing regimen optimization: recommendations for pregnant women with epilepsy","volume":"169","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.02.013","article-title":"Challenges in the pharmacological management of epilepsy and its causes in the elderly","volume":"106","author":"Ferlazzo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.04.031","article-title":"ABC transporters in drug-resistant epilepsy: mechanisms of upregulation and therapeutic approaches","volume":"144","author":"Leandro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."}],"container-title":["Pharmacological Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043661821005600?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043661821005600?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T22:25:46Z","timestamp":1760912746000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1043661821005600"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":178,"alternative-id":["S1043661821005600"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976","relation":{},"ISSN":["1043-6618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1043-6618","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Relevant pharmacological interactions between alkylating agents and antiepileptic drugs: Preclinical and clinical data","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pharmacological Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105976","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105976"}}