{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T03:15:32Z","timestamp":1785294932844,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacological Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T20:11:38Z","timestamp":1638907898000},"page":"106027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Relevance of mitochondrial oxidative stress to arrhythmias: Innovative concepts to target treatments"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Can","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziru","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianzhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoxia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingjiang","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanwei","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493019897870","article-title":"Global epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: an increasing epidemic and public health challenge","volume":"16","author":"Lippi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J. Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.3","article-title":"Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology and risk factors","volume":"7","author":"Adabag","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00702.2020","article-title":"Coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation: a vicious cycle","volume":"320","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib4","article-title":"Electrical stimulation for low-energy termination of cardiac arrhythmias: a review","author":"Buchan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-014-9424-0","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation as manifestation and consequence of underlying cardiomyopathies: from common conditions to genetic diseases","volume":"19","author":"Mohmand-Borkowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H467","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00734.2013","article-title":"Impaired oxidative metabolism and calcium mishandling underlie cardiac dysfunction in a rat model of post-acute isoproterenol-induced cardiomyopathy","volume":"308","author":"Willis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.304682","article-title":"Mitochondrial reprogramming induced by CaMKII\u03b4 mediates hypertrophy decompensation","volume":"116","author":"Westenbrink","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eux271","article-title":"Acute administration of tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 induces spontaneous calcium release via the reactive oxygen species pathway in atrial myocytes","volume":"20","author":"Zuo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Europace"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.11.050","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the heart: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"73","author":"Stahl","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.03.033","article-title":"Mitochondria and arrhythmias","volume":"71","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-013-1034-4","article-title":"Oxidative stress: the mitochondria-dependent and mitochondria-independent pathways of apoptosis","volume":"87","author":"Sinha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8649","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168649","article-title":"Protective effects of flavonoids against mitochondriopathies and associated pathologies: focus on the predictive approach and personalized prevention","volume":"22","author":"Koklesova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-021-00237-2","article-title":"Mitochondrial impairments in aetiopathology of multifactorial diseases: common origin but individual outcomes in context of 3P medicine","volume":"12","author":"Koklesova","year":"2021","journal-title":"EPMA J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2015.09.005","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species and mitochondria: a nexus of cellular homeostasis","volume":"6","author":"Dan Dunn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36027","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304854200","article-title":"Production of reactive oxygen species by mitochondria: central role of complex III","volume":"278","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9869","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.003647","article-title":"Control of mitochondrial superoxide production by reverse electron transport at complex I","volume":"293","author":"Robb","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18056","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.186841","article-title":"Superoxide is produced by the reduced flavin in mitochondrial complex I: a single, unified mechanism that applies during both forward and reverse electron transfer","volume":"286","author":"Pryde","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-020-00827-7","article-title":"Cellular and mitochondrial mechanisms of atrial fibrillation","volume":"115","author":"Mason","year":"2020","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2015.12.007","article-title":"Understanding ubiquinone","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2007.1672","article-title":"NAD+\/NADH and NADP+\/NADPH in cellular functions and cell death: regulation and biological consequences","volume":"10","author":"Ying","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.023","article-title":"Determining the origins of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the mammalian NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase","volume":"77","author":"Bazil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3589","article-title":"Molecular insights of NADPH oxidases and its pathological consequences","volume":"39","author":"Waghela","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05632.x","article-title":"Mitochondrial Q cycle-derived superoxide and chemiosmotic bioenergetics","volume":"1201","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1080\/13510002.2020.1752002","article-title":"Mitochondrial complex II and reactive oxygen species in disease and therapy","volume":"25","author":"Hadrava Vanova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.29620","article-title":"p66Shc contributes to liver fibrosis through the regulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2017.04.003","article-title":"Emerging role of monoamine oxidase as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease","volume":"33","author":"Deshwal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2019.101288","article-title":"Increased mitochondrial NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression in aging is a causative factor in aortic stiffening","volume":"26","author":"Canugovi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.27513","article-title":"Mitochondrial metabolism in TCA cycle mutant cancer cells","volume":"13","author":"Sullivan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.14-42","article-title":"A mitochondrial superoxide theory for oxidative stress diseases and aging","volume":"56","author":"Indo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Biochem Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2014.11.001","article-title":"Manganese superoxide dismutase and oxidative stress modulation","volume":"68","author":"Bresciani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.07.036","article-title":"The thioredoxin antioxidant system","volume":"66","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01496","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction as substrate for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: a search for new disease mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"van Opbergen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"issue":"6486","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aay2494","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation regulates mitochondrial dynamics in brown adipocytes","volume":"368","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01831","article-title":"Pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ content regulates sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release via oxidation of the ryanodine receptor by mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species","volume":"9","author":"Hamilton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H623","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00493.2014","article-title":"bursts disturb Ca2+ cycling and induce abnormal automaticity in guinea pig cardiomyocytes: a theoretical study","volume":"308","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2010.10.034","article-title":"Modulators of normal electrocardiographic intervals identified in a large electronic medical record","volume":"8","author":"Ramirez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.160457","article-title":"Forgotten but not gone: the rediscovery of fatty heart, the most common unrecognized disease in America","volume":"101","author":"Szczepaniak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.05.002","article-title":"Mitochondrial oxidative stress during cardiac lipid overload causes intracellular calcium leak and arrhythmia","volume":"13","author":"Joseph","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.112.273342","article-title":"Calcium leak through ryanodine receptors leads to atrial fibrillation in 3 mouse models of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"111","author":"Shan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ. Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-020-0797-z","article-title":"Increased RyR2 activity is exacerbated by calcium leak-induced mitochondrial ROS","volume":"115","author":"Hamilton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11427","DOI":"10.1038\/srep11427","article-title":"Mitochondrial oxidative stress promotes atrial fibrillation","volume":"5","author":"Xie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3508","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI43621","article-title":"A \u03b2(IV)-spectrin\/CaMKII signaling complex is essential for membrane excitability in mice","volume":"120","author":"Davidson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI26620","article-title":"Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II regulates cardiac Na+ channels","volume":"116","author":"Wagner","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.124990","article-title":"New therapeutic targets in cardiology: arrhythmias and Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII)","volume":"126","author":"Rokita","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.11.005","article-title":"Role of Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart","volume":"73","author":"Maier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2014.02.004","article-title":"CaMKII oxidative activation and the pathogenesis of cardiac disease","volume":"73","author":"Luczak","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.008939","article-title":"Mitochondrial-mediated oxidative Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent kinase ii activation induces early afterdepolarizations in guinea pig cardiomyocytes: an in silico study","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-2605-y","article-title":"CaMKII\/calpain interaction mediates ischemia\/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts","volume":"11","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.607809","article-title":"The role of CaMKII overexpression and oxidation in atrial fibrillation-a simulation study","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9627","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15470","article-title":"CaMKII-dependent ryanodine receptor phosphorylation mediates sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis","volume":"24","author":"Sep\u00falveda","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvw093","article-title":"Elevated local [Ca2+] and CaMKII promote spontaneous Ca2+ release in ankyrin-B-deficient hearts","volume":"111","author":"Popescu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12162","article-title":"Blockade of mitochondrial calcium uniporter prevents cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction caused by iron overload","volume":"210","author":"Sripetchwandee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. (Oxf. )"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1002\/joa3.12208","article-title":"Iron overload and arrhythmias: Influence of confounding factors","volume":"35","author":"Shizukuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Arrhythm."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2010.05.009","article-title":"Iron-overload cardiomyopathy: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Murphy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Card. Fail"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9080758","article-title":"Iron overload, oxidative stress and calcium mishandling in cardiomyocytes: role of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore","volume":"9","author":"Gordan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxid. (Basel)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.310083","article-title":"Calcium signaling and cardiac arrhythmias","volume":"120","author":"Landstrom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-020-0476-5","article-title":"Mitochondrial Ca2+ regulation in the etiology of heart failure: physiological and pathophysiological implications","volume":"41","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080574","article-title":"Modulation of intracellular calcium waves and triggered activities by mitochondrial ca flux in mouse cardiomyocytes","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2016.09.001","article-title":"Involvement of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) in cardiac arrhythmias: evidence from cyclophilin D knockout mice","volume":"60","author":"Gordan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00264","article-title":"Functional crosstalk between the mitochondrial PTP and KATP channels determine arrhythmic vulnerability to oxidative stress","volume":"5","author":"Xie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201500281","article-title":"Photostimulation by femtosecond laser triggers restorable fragmentation in single mitochondrion","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biophoton."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12650","article-title":"The path from mitochondrial ROS to aging runs through the mitochondrial permeability transition pore","volume":"16","author":"Rottenberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2017.04.018","article-title":"Development or disease: duality of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore","volume":"426","author":"P\u00e9rez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvq231","article-title":"Cardiac mitochondria and arrhythmias","volume":"88","author":"Brown","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2011.04.005","article-title":"Mitochondria are sources of metabolic sink and arrhythmias","volume":"131","author":"Akar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharm. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00548.x","article-title":"DeltaPsi(m)-Dependent and -independent production of reactive oxygen species by rat brain mitochondria","volume":"79","author":"Votyakova","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22178-0","article-title":"Cardiac macrophages prevent sudden death during heart stress","volume":"12","author":"Sugita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.8.15.9225","article-title":"To C or not to C: direct and indirect redox regulation of Src protein tyrosine kinase","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2020.09.004","article-title":"Inhibition of Pyk2 and Src activity improves Cx43 gap junction intercellular communication","volume":"149","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.108.190454","article-title":"Structural and molecular mechanisms of gap junction remodeling in epicardial border zone myocytes following myocardial infarction","volume":"104","author":"Kieken","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ. Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.112.976787","article-title":"Mitochondria oxidative stress, connexin43 remodeling, and sudden arrhythmic death","volume":"6","author":"Sovari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Arrhythm. Electro"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa1108","article-title":"DBDS genomic consortium. Genetic insight into sick sinus syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Thorolfsdottir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052475","article-title":"Familial sinus bradycardia associated with a mutation in the cardiac pacemaker channel","volume":"354","author":"Milanesi","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2012.10.002","article-title":"Beside the MEF2 axis: unconventional functions of HDAC4","volume":"25","author":"Clocchiatti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-021-00850-2","article-title":"CaMKII and PKA-dependent phosphorylation co-regulate nuclear localization of HDAC4 in adult cardiomyocytes","volume":"116","author":"Helmstadter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.04.041","article-title":"A redox-dependent pathway for regulating class II HDACs and cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"133","author":"Ago","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2019.10.009","article-title":"Mitochondrial thioredoxin-2 maintains HCN4 expression and prevents oxidative stress-mediated sick sinus syndrome","volume":"138","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.7.1001","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced ROS release: a new phenomenon accompanying induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition in cardiac myocytes","volume":"192","author":"Zorov","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00026.2013","article-title":"Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-induced ROS release","volume":"94","author":"Zorov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"Pt 21","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5167","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.214239","article-title":"Biophysical properties and functional consequences of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced ROS release in intact myocardium","volume":"589","author":"Biary","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2011.09.018","article-title":"Metabolic stress, reactive oxygen species, and arrhythmia","volume":"52","author":"Jeong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4818","article-title":"Redox regulation of sodium and calcium handling","volume":"18","author":"Wagner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2012.10.011","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction causing cardiac sodium channel downregulation in cardiomyopathy","volume":"54","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9020432","article-title":"Mitochondrial calcium regulation of redox signaling in cancer","volume":"9","author":"Delierneux","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-13-1587","article-title":"Cardiomyocyte-derived mitochondrial superoxide causes myocardial electrical remodeling by downregulating potassium channels and related molecules","volume":"78","author":"Kurokawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2016.02.005","article-title":"ATP sensitive K(+) channels are critical for maintaining myocardial perfusion and high energy phosphates in the failing heart","volume":"92","author":"Jameel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.03.067","article-title":"Protective effects of hydrogen sulfide in a rat model of traumatic brain injury via activation of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels and reduction of oxidative stress","volume":"184","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200607000-00018","article-title":"Distinct roles for sarcolemmal and mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels in isoflurane-induced protection against oxidative stress","volume":"105","author":"Marinovic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00214","article-title":"Fibrosis in Atrial Fibrillation - Role of Reactive Species and MPO","volume":"3","author":"Friedrichs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101432","article-title":"Enhanced cardiomyocyte reactive oxygen species signaling promotes ibrutinib-induced atrial fibrillation","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01592","article-title":"Regulatory Mechanisms of the NLRP3 Inflammasome, a Novel Immune-Inflammatory Marker in Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"10","author":"An","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000713","article-title":"Monoamine oxidase is a major determinant of redox balance in human atrial myocardium and is associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation","volume":"3","author":"Anderson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.03.061","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction as an arrhythmogenic substrate: a translational proof-of-concept study in patients with metabolic syndrome in whom post-operative atrial fibrillation develops","volume":"62","author":"Montaigne","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003313","article-title":"Oxidized Ca(2+)\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II triggers atrial fibrillation","volume":"128","author":"Purohit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2008.00647.x","article-title":"Melatonin protects the mitochondria from oxidative damage reducing oxygen consumption, membrane potential, and superoxide anion production","volume":"46","author":"L\u00f3pez","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pineal Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1006\/niox.1999.0229","article-title":"Nitric oxide, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide production in brain mitochondria after haloperidol treatment","volume":"3","author":"Arnaiz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13604","article-title":"ZFHX3 knockdown dysregulates mitochondrial adaptations to tachypacing in atrial myocytes through enhanced oxidative stress and calcium overload","volume":"231","author":"Lkhagva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. (Oxf. )"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.102884","article-title":"Mitochondria in acute myocardial infarction and cardioprotection","volume":"57","author":"Ramachandra","year":"2020","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4766","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.15-275404","article-title":"Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants","volume":"29","author":"Oyewole","year":"2015","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.037","article-title":"Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, prevents N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice","volume":"136","author":"Shetty","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.012","article-title":"MitoQ improves mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure induced by pressure overload","volume":"117","author":"Ribeiro Junior","year":"2018","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01700.x","article-title":"and cardioprotection: from investigative tool to therapeutic agent","volume":"165","author":"Hausenloy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"7771","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1498-3","article-title":"Identification of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel in mitochondria","volume":"572","author":"Paggio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.170","article-title":"Inhibitors of ROS production by the ubiquinone-binding site of mitochondrial complex I identified by chemical screening","volume":"65","author":"Orr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2015.3400","article-title":"Effect of astragaloside IV against rat myocardial cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress via mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels","volume":"12","author":"Guan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/464508","article-title":"Wenxin-Keli regulates the calcium\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ii signal transduction pathway and inhibits cardiac arrhythmia in rats with myocardial infarction","volume":"2013","author":"Xing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement Altern. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9502651","article-title":"Cardiac CaMKII\u03b4 and Wenxin Keli Prevents Ang II-Induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by modulating CnA-NFATc4 and inflammatory signaling pathways in H9c2 cells","volume":"2020","author":"An","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement Altern. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2018.09.038","article-title":"Clinical metabolomics analysis of therapeutic mechanism of Tongmai Yangxin Pill on stable angina","volume":"1100\u20131101","author":"Cai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1003","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00797.2003","article-title":"Importance of antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of beta-receptor blockers in heart failure therapy","volume":"287","author":"Kawai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.099903","article-title":"Pleiotropic effects of the beta-adrenoceptor blocker carvedilol on calcium regulation during oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes","volume":"318","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Exp. Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1302","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00305.2020","article-title":"Oxidative stress by Ca2+ overload is critical for phosphate-induced vascular calcification","volume":"319","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5872645","article-title":"Verapamil inhibits mitochondria-induced reactive oxygen species and dependent apoptosis pathways in cerebral transient global ischemia\/reperfusion","volume":"2020","author":"Jangholi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid. Med Cell Longev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2013.09.002","article-title":"Influence of mitochondrion-toxic agents on the cardiovascular system","volume":"67","author":"Finsterer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.01.025","article-title":"Oxidative stress, metabolomics profiling, and mechanism of local anesthetic induced cell death in yeast","volume":"12","author":"Boone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.004","article-title":"Mitochondrial oxidative stress and respiratory chain dysfunction account for liver toxicity during amiodarone but not dronedarone administration","volume":"51","author":"Serviddio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"}],"container-title":["Pharmacological Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043661821006113?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043661821006113?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T22:31:53Z","timestamp":1760913113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1043661821006113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":115,"alternative-id":["S1043661821006113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027","relation":{},"ISSN":["1043-6618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1043-6618","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Relevance of mitochondrial oxidative stress to arrhythmias: Innovative concepts to target treatments","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pharmacological Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106027"}}