{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T20:59:41Z","timestamp":1793653181275,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81973320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973320"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ci\u00eancias e da Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0011\/2020\/A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0011\/2020\/A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ci\u00eancias e da Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0030\/2018\/A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0030\/2018\/A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ci\u00eancias e da Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0052\/2020\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0052\/2020\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ci\u00eancias e da Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0067\/2018\/A2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0067\/2018\/A2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ci\u00eancias e da Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["033\/2017\/AMJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["033\/2017\/AMJ"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacological Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T14:57:52Z","timestamp":1683125872000},"page":"106786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":278,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Roles of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Yuan-Ye","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan-Yi","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi Zhun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"34","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12182","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i34.12182","article-title":"Management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an evidence-based clinical practice review","volume":"20","author":"Arab","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2015.02.002","article-title":"The riddle of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: progression from nonalcoholic fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"5","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0959-9673.2006.00465.x","article-title":"Mouse models in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis research","volume":"87","author":"Anstee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J. Exp. Pathol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.11.004","article-title":"EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"64","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31150","article-title":"Epidemiological Features of NAFLD From 1999 to 2018 in China","volume":"71","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x","article-title":"Systematic review: the epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults","volume":"34","author":"Vernon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aliment Pharm. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.01041.x","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in severely obese subjects","volume":"102","author":"Gholam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-2229","article-title":"I. Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study, Prevalence of and risk factors for hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease in people with type 2 diabetes: the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study","volume":"34","author":"Williamson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5051544","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its connection with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease","volume":"5","author":"Gaggini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12107","article-title":"Role of thiazolidinediones, insulin sensitizers, in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"4","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1159\/000282080","article-title":"Epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"28","author":"Bellentani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dig. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200422422","article-title":"Molecular mediators of hepatic steatosis and liver injury","volume":"114","author":"Browning","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1159\/000336669","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease\/steatohepatitis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation and treatment","volume":"30","author":"Milic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/481893","article-title":"Thiel, Current concepts and management approaches in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"2013","author":"Attar","year":"2013","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.09.085","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk","volume":"167","author":"Brea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00639-3","article-title":"Immune cell-mediated features of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"22","author":"Huby","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E462","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00064.2004","article-title":"Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hepatic triglyceride content: prevalence of hepatic steatosis in the general population","volume":"288","author":"Szczepaniak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.04.027","article-title":"A systematic review of follow-up biopsies reveals disease progression in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver","volume":"59","author":"Pais","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"6037","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1204265","article-title":"Human fatty liver disease: old questions and new insights","volume":"332","author":"Cohen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21327","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes","volume":"44","author":"Ekstedt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12614","article-title":"Serum proteome of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a multimodal approach to discovery of biomarkers of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"29","author":"Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20200446","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a metabolic burden promoting atherosclerosis","volume":"134","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond. )"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-016-9760-3","article-title":"Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) consensus guidelines on invasive and non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis: a 2016 update","volume":"11","author":"Shiha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15080","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.80","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"1","author":"Brunt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12407","article-title":"Obesity is an independent risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: evidence from a meta-analysis of 21 cohort studies","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9112367","article-title":"The Role of PPARs in Disease","volume":"9","author":"Wagner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-11488-6_3","article-title":"Understanding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: from the structure to the regulatory actions on metabolism","volume":"1127","author":"Lamas Bervejillo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2007.01825.x","article-title":"PPARs and their metabolic modulation: new mechanisms for transcriptional regulation?","volume":"262","author":"Ahmed","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2012.01.003","article-title":"PPARs: fatty acid sensors controlling metabolism","volume":"23","author":"Poulsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1621\/nrs.08002","article-title":"PPARalpha: energy combustion, hypolipidemia, inflammation and cancer","volume":"8","author":"Pyper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucl. Recept Signal"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22147354","article-title":"PPARdelta in affected atopic dermatitis and psoriasis: a possible role in metabolic reprograming","volume":"22","author":"Blunder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1210\/rp.56.1.239","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: from genes to physiology","volume":"56","author":"Kliewer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Recent Prog. Horm. Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.10.039","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of PPARalpha action and its impact on lipid metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"62","author":"Pawlak","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2011.10.016","article-title":"Roles of PPARs in NAFLD: potential therapeutic targets","volume":"1821","author":"Tailleux","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys. Acta"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440802209796","article-title":"Evaluation of the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) in mouse liver tumor induction by trichloroethylene and metabolites","volume":"38","author":"Corton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-008-0312-z","article-title":"Drug metabolizing enzyme induction pathways in experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"82","author":"Fisher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2006.08.011","article-title":"In vitro screening of 200 pesticides for agonistic activity via mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha and PPARgamma and quantitative analysis of in vivo induction pathway","volume":"217","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/925309","article-title":"Cross-Talk between PPARs and the Partners of RXR: A Molecular Perspective","volume":"2009","author":"Chan","year":"2009","journal-title":"PPAR Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.02.016","article-title":"Lack of sterol regulatory element binding factor-1c imposes glial Fatty Acid utilization leading to peripheral neuropathy","volume":"21","author":"Cermenati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.19.2088","article-title":"Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism","volume":"98","author":"Staels","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5336","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00918.x","article-title":"PPARalpha and PPARgamma activators direct a distinct tissue-specific transcriptional response via a PPRE in the lipoprotein lipase gene","volume":"15","author":"Schoonjans","year":"1996","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.910861","article-title":"Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) with an Unusual Manifestation of Mid-Ventricular Obstruction Caused by Endocardial Thrombus","volume":"19","author":"Ito","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Case Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2021.104723","article-title":"The pleiotropic peroxisome proliferator activated receptors: Regulation and therapeutics","volume":"124","author":"Dixit","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1503519","article-title":"Cause, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"377","author":"Diehl","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2013.741585","article-title":"Examining the safety of PPAR agonists - current trends and future prospects","volume":"12","author":"Bortolini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Saf."},{"issue":"9A","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44K","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.08.007","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic interactions between statins and fibrates","volume":"96","author":"Corsini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2015.01.002","article-title":"Risk identification and possible countermeasures for muscle adverse effects during statin therapy","volume":"26","author":"Magni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.2019-0053","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia","volume":"41","author":"Stewart","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pedia Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2022.155220","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases: A Mendelian randomization study","volume":"133","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325724","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and incident major adverse cardiovascular events: results from a nationwide histology cohort","volume":"71","author":"Simon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.171","article-title":"The global NAFLD epidemic","volume":"10","author":"Loomba","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5598","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00072a015","article-title":"cDNA cloning, chromosomal mapping, and functional characterization of the human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor","volume":"32","author":"Sher","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"6294","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/347645a0","article-title":"Activation of a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily by peroxisome proliferators","volume":"347","author":"Issemann","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/18.11.2029","article-title":"Role of PPAR alpha in the mechanism of action of the nongenotoxic carcinogen and peroxisome proliferator Wy-14,643","volume":"18","author":"Peters","year":"1997","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18667","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M412062200","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha interacts with high affinity and is conformationally responsive to endogenous ligands","volume":"280","author":"Hostetler","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.05.036","article-title":"Identification of a physiologically relevant endogenous ligand for PPARalpha in liver","volume":"138","author":"Chakravarthy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24698","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.40.24698","article-title":"Hepatocellular and hepatic peroxisomal alterations in mice with a disrupted peroxisomal fatty acyl-coenzyme A oxidase gene","volume":"271","author":"Fan","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M705138200","article-title":"Glucose directly links to lipid metabolism through high affinity interaction with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha","volume":"283","author":"Hostetler","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215593","article-title":"SREBPs: activators of the complete program of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis in the liver","volume":"109","author":"Horton","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00269-1","article-title":"Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor delta activates fat metabolism to prevent obesity","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M210062200","article-title":"Adipocyte-specific gene expression and adipogenic steatosis in the mouse liver due to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma1 (PPARgamma1) overexpression","volume":"278","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4866","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M709471200","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha deficiency abolishes the response of lipogenic gene expression to re-feeding: restoration of the normal response by activation of liver X receptor alpha","volume":"283","author":"Hebbachi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G852","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00521.2005","article-title":"Lipid metabolism and liver inflammation. II. Fatty liver disease and fatty acid oxidation","volume":"290","author":"Reddy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.21.1.193","article-title":"Peroxisomal beta-oxidation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha: an adaptive metabolic system","volume":"21","author":"Reddy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev. Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8069","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2021-21669","article-title":"Prepartum dietary energy intake alters hepatic expression of genes related to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and inflammation in peripartal dairy cows","volume":"105","author":"Janovick","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6223","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha mediates the adaptive response to fasting","volume":"103","author":"Kersten","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2014.02.002","article-title":"Integrated physiology and systems biology of PPARalpha","volume":"3","author":"Kersten","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19041197","article-title":"PPAR agonists and metabolic syndrome: an established role?","volume":"19","author":"Botta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34036","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.051052","article-title":"Fenofibrate simultaneously induces hepatic fatty acid oxidation, synthesis, and elongation in mice","volume":"284","author":"Oosterveer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5608","article-title":"Adaptive increase in pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 during starvation is mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha","volume":"287","author":"Wu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys. Res Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840400405","article-title":"PPARalpha in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease","volume":"40","author":"Rao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-021-02933-5","article-title":"Adiponectin ameliorates placental injury in gestational diabetes mice by correcting fatty acid oxidation\/peroxide imbalance-induced ferroptosis via restoration of CPT-1 activity","volume":"75","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.5650\/jos.ess21216","article-title":"Perspective on fish oil: the prevention of alcoholic liver disease","volume":"70","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Oleo Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2011.09.006","article-title":"Adiponectin reduces connective tissue growth factor in human hepatocytes which is already induced in non-fibrotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"91","author":"Walter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R900009-JLR200","article-title":"Bile acids: the role of peroxisomes","volume":"50","author":"Ferdinandusse","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47232","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M306363200","volume":"278","author":"Jia","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-0405-1","article-title":"Tuning fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle with dietary fat and exercise","volume":"16","author":"Fritzen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2018.02.009","article-title":"Mitochondrial beta-oxidation of saturated fatty acids in humans","volume":"46","author":"Adeva-Andany","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63787-X","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferators and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha: biotic and xenobiotic sensing","volume":"164","author":"Reddy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2021.100622","article-title":"Fasting induces hepatic lipid accumulation by stimulating peroxisomal dicarboxylic acid oxidation","volume":"296","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M300512-JLR200","article-title":"Identification of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzymes involved in the degradation of long-chain dicarboxylic acids","volume":"45","author":"Ferdinandusse","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154338","article-title":"The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) in immune responses","volume":"114","author":"Christofides","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"6604","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/384039a0","article-title":"The PPARalpha-leukotriene B4 pathway to inflammation control","volume":"384","author":"Devchand","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2008.09.002","article-title":"PPARalpha ligands inhibit radiation-induced microglial inflammatory responses by negatively regulating NF-kappaB and AP-1 pathways","volume":"45","author":"Ramanan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e31818bbad6","article-title":"The role of endogenous and exogenous ligands for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha) in the regulation of inflammation in macrophages","volume":"32","author":"Crisafulli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2009.42.2.091","article-title":"Signal crosstalk between estrogen and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha on adiposity","volume":"42","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMB Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F328","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00484.2007","article-title":"PPAR{alpha} attenuates the proinflammatory response in activated mesangial cells","volume":"296","author":"Kono","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.12.037","article-title":"Effect of PPARalpha activation of macrophages on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in cultured adipocytes","volume":"561","author":"Murakami","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.10.009","article-title":"Agonists of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPAR) alpha, beta\/delta or gamma reduce transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta-induced proteoglycans' production in chondrocytes","volume":"15","author":"Poleni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-008-9175-9","article-title":"The peroxisome proliferator activator receptor alpha\/delta agonists linoleic acid and bezafibrate upregulate osteoblast differentiation and induce periosteal bone formation in vivo","volume":"83","author":"Still","year":"2008","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-06-1762","article-title":"Fibrates down-regulate IL-1-stimulated C-reactive protein gene expression in hepatocytes by reducing nuclear p50-NFkappa B-C\/EBP-beta complex formation","volume":"101","author":"Kleemann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3488","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3488-3493.1999","article-title":"Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activators on tumor necrosis factor expression in mice during endotoxemia","volume":"67","author":"Hill","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000015598.86369.04","article-title":"Pleiotropic actions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Barbier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1301\/002966402320387224","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: pathogenesis and the role of antioxidants","volume":"60","author":"Mehta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.2.206","article-title":"The role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, intestinal permeability, endotoxaemia, and tumour necrosis factor alpha in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"48","author":"Wigg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20023","article-title":"Relative contribution of iron burden, HFE mutations, and insulin resistance to fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver","volume":"39","author":"Bugianesi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2001.01083.x","article-title":"Plasma transforming growth factor-beta1 level and efficacy of alpha-tocopherol in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study","volume":"15","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aliment Pharm. Ther."},{"issue":"5A","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2B","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)01448-5","article-title":"Pro and con: high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and other lipid subfractions are the future of lipid management","volume":"87","author":"Assmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib99","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular comorbidities: pathophysiological links, diagnosis, and therapeutic management","volume":"11","author":"Jichitu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagn. (Basel)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.41","article-title":"Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis","volume":"10","author":"Anstee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2012.05.007","article-title":"Ambulatory arterial stiffness indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in essential hypertension","volume":"23","author":"Catena","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.318062","article-title":"Role of the Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors in Hypertension","volume":"128","author":"Fang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ. Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-021-00569-6","article-title":"PPAR control of metabolism and cardiovascular functions","volume":"18","author":"Montaigne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1159\/000049910","article-title":"Genes involved in atherosclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Laukkanen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(97)00313-4","article-title":"Regulation of apo A-I gene expression by fibrates","author":"Staels","year":"1998","journal-title":"Atheroscler. 137 Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib106","first-page":"S29","article-title":"Transcriptional control of triglyceride metabolism: fibrates and fatty acids change the expression of the LPL and apo C-III genes by activating the nuclear receptor PPAR","author":"Auwerx","year":"1996","journal-title":"Atheroscler. 124 Suppl."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-009-9158-6","article-title":"Role of free radicals in liver diseases","volume":"3","author":"Muriel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(01)00498-1","article-title":"Hepatocellular oxidative DNA injury induced by macrophage-derived nitric oxide","volume":"30","author":"Watanabe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.2174\/138920012803762765","article-title":"Hepatic steatosis and peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation","volume":"13","author":"Cherkaoui-Malki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2013.11.011","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activation and excess energy burning in hepatocarcinogenesis","volume":"98","author":"Misra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-007-0278-2","article-title":"Possible involvement of oxidative stress in fenofibrate-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats","volume":"82","author":"Nishimura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26683","article-title":"Hepatic oxidative stress activates the Gadd45b gene by way of degradation of the transcriptional repressor STAT3","volume":"59","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-6889-5_5","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha signaling in hepatocarcinogenesis","volume":"69","author":"Misra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Subcell. Biochem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e11-12-1011","article-title":"Inhibition of fatty acid oxidation enhances oxidative protein folding and protects hepatocytes from endoplasmic reticulum stress","volume":"23","author":"Tyra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.01.023","article-title":"Characteristics of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis who develop hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Yasui","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30692","article-title":"NASH and insulin resistance: Insulin hypersecretion and specific association with the insulin resistance syndrome","volume":"35","author":"Chitturi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30690","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome: further evidence for an etiologic association","volume":"35","author":"Pagano","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-321774","article-title":"Hepatic Kruppel-like factor 16 (KLF16) targets PPARalpha to improve steatohepatitis and insulin resistance","volume":"70","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118868","article-title":"Aerobic training improves NAFLD markers and insulin resistance through AMPK-PPAR-alpha signaling in obese mice","volume":"266","author":"Diniz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.9.2331","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha activation prevents diabetes in OLETF rats: comparison with PPAR-gamma activation","volume":"52","author":"Koh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1038\/77783","article-title":"Secretion of microbicidal alpha-defensins by intestinal Paneth cells in response to bacteria","volume":"1","author":"Ayabe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20920","article-title":"Insulin resistance: a metabolic pathway to chronic liver disease","volume":"42","author":"Bugianesi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2009.10.007","article-title":"Fatty liver and lipotoxicity","volume":"1801","author":"Trauner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i8.1166","article-title":"Fructose as a key player in the development of fatty liver disease","volume":"19","author":"Basaranoglu","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.1222","article-title":"Structure of the mouse peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha gene","volume":"199","author":"Gearing","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys. Res Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(96)00066-5","article-title":"The peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARS) and their effects on lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation","volume":"1302","author":"Schoonjans","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys. Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.00766.x","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs): novel therapeutic targets in renal disease","volume":"60","author":"Guan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-1944fje","article-title":"PPARbeta\/delta potentiates PPARgamma-stimulated adipocyte differentiation","volume":"18","author":"Matsusue","year":"2004","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"5644","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1087344","article-title":"Transcriptional repression of atherogenic inflammation: modulation by PPARdelta","volume":"302","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1358\/dnp.2002.15.3.840011","article-title":"The Role of PPARs in the Transcriptional Control of Cellular Processes","volume":"15","author":"Guan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug N. Perspect."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5306","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.091021198","article-title":"A selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta agonist promotes reverse cholesterol transport","volume":"98","author":"Oliver","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20874","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M312802200","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta\/delta regulates very low density lipoprotein production and catabolism in mice on a Western diet","volume":"279","author":"Akiyama","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/13543776.2020.1703952","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists and antagonists: a patent review (2014-present)","volume":"30","author":"Takada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Pat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03944.x","article-title":"Role of CD36, the macrophage class B scavenger receptor, in atherosclerosis","volume":"947","author":"Nicholson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(01)00164-2","article-title":"gamma-LXR-ABCA1 pathway in macrophages is involved in cholesterol efflux and atherogenesis","volume":"7","author":"Chawla","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12953","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.22.12953","article-title":"An antidiabetic thiazolidinedione is a high affinity ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma)","volume":"270","author":"Lehmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.9.2094","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activators target human endothelial cells to inhibit leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction","volume":"19","author":"Jackson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."}],"container-title":["Pharmacological Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043661823001421?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043661823001421?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T22:42:28Z","timestamp":1760913748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1043661823001421"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":137,"alternative-id":["S1043661823001421"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786","relation":{},"ISSN":["1043-6618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1043-6618","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Roles of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pharmacological Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106786"}}