{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T17:51:31Z","timestamp":1783446691208,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010842","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010842","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]],"date-time":"2023-02-05T01:19:29Z","timestamp":1675559969000},"page":"154704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effectiveness of Yishen Tongbi decoction versus methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: A double-blind, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4474-6472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3072-9084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9180-5581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xujie","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congqi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8466-7440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangxing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.13103","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: a review","volume":"320","author":"Aletaha","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-011-1841-y","article-title":"A Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: mechanism, efficacy, and safety","volume":"31","author":"Bao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109902","article-title":"Arthritis flares mediated by tissue-resident memory T cells in the joint","volume":"37","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0004","first-page":"22","article-title":"Fructus Ligustri Lucidi in Osteoporosis: a Review of its Pharmacology, Phytochemistry, Pharmacokinetics and Safety","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0005","first-page":"413","article-title":"Study on the mechanism of ethyl acetate part of Tongbi mixture regulating cellular immunity in CIA rats","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tradit. Chinese Drug Res. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00568","article-title":"Tanshinone IIA suppresses proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production of synovial fibroblasts from rheumatoid arthritis patients induced by TNF-\u03b1 and attenuates the inflammatory response in AIA mice","volume":"11","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3770-y","article-title":"A systemic review and meta-analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety of total glucosides of peony combined with methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"37","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.085985","article-title":"Cortical hand bone loss after 1 year in early rheumatoid arthritis predicts radiographic hand joint damage at 5-year and 10-year follow-up","volume":"68","author":"Hoff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111166","article-title":"Yishen-tongbi decoction inhibits excessive activation of B cells by activating the FcgammaRIIb\/Lyn\/SHP-1 pathway and attenuates the inflammatory response in CIA rats","volume":"134","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13537","article-title":"Where traditional Chinese medicine meets Western medicine in the prevention of rheumatoid arthritis","author":"Jakobsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Internal Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1457-z","article-title":"Chinese Registry of rheumatoid arthritis (CREDIT): II. prevalence and risk factors of major comorbidities in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Jin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e77513","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077513","article-title":"Anti-angiogenic effect of triptolide in rheumatoid arthritis by targeting angiogenic cascade","volume":"8","author":"Kong","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0013","first-page":"1099","article-title":"The scientific foundation of Chinese herbal medicine against COVID-19","volume":"6","author":"Leung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Engineering (Beijing)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.06.006","article-title":"Triptolide: progress on research in pharmacodynamics and toxicology","volume":"155","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0015","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for tripterygium glycosides\/tripterygium wilfordii tablets in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204807","article-title":"Comparison of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F with methotrexate in the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis (TRIFRA): a randomised, controlled clinical trial","volume":"74","author":"Lv","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1004965","article-title":"The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"365","author":"McInnes","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0018","first-page":"65","article-title":"Structural joint damage and hand bone loss in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","author":"\u00d8rnbjerg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Danish Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-220331","article-title":"Trajectory clusters of radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: associations with clinical variables","volume":"81","author":"Platzer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00232","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials","volume":"152","author":"Schulz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2018.0297","article-title":"Effectiveness of acupuncture on pain, functional disability, and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis of the hand: results of a double-blind randomized clinical trial","volume":"25","author":"Seca","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Altern. Complement. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30173-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"388","author":"Smolen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0023","series-title":"Clinical Research of JiaWeiTongBiTang on Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis","author":"Tan","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0024","first-page":"3299","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of tanshinone IIA on inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis through regulating \u03b2-arrestin 2","volume":"17","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Therapeutic Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.210346","article-title":"Radiographic progression of structural joint damage over 5 years of Baricitinib treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from RA-BEYOND","volume":"49","author":"van der Heijde","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep155","article-title":"A pilot risk model for the prediction of rapid radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"48","author":"Vastesaeger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10061355","article-title":"Deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis with hand X-ray images conforming to modified total sharp\/van der heijde score","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.10.038","article-title":"Extract from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. ameliorates arthritis via regulation of inflammation, synoviocyte proliferation and osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in vivo","volume":"194","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-018-2555-1","article-title":"The efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine Juanbi pill combined with methotrexate in active rheumatoid arthritis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105187","article-title":"Current policies and measures on the development of traditional Chinese medicine in China","volume":"163","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0031","article-title":"Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction improves arthritis and pathological damage of heart and lung in TNF-Tg mice","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.04.003","article-title":"Toxicity of Triptolide and the molecular mechanisms involved","volume":"90","author":"Xi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0033","article-title":"Chinese herbal medicines for rheumatoid arthritis: text-mining the classical literature for potentially effective natural products","volume":"2020","author":"Xia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid.-based Comple. Alternat. Med.: eCAM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0034","article-title":"Inhibition of rheumatoid arthritis using bark, leaf, and male flower extracts of eucommia ulmoides","volume":"2020","author":"Xing","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complem. Alternat. Medi.: eCAM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.10.005","article-title":"Triptolide inhibits the migration and invasion of rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes by blocking the activation of the JNK MAPK pathway","volume":"41","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.02.009","article-title":"A new perspective of triptolide-associated hepatotoxicity: the relevance of NF- \u03ba B and NF- \u03ba B-mediated cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein","volume":"10","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-12-137","article-title":"A traditional Chinese medicine versus Western combination therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: two-stage study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2016.00402","article-title":"Safety profiles of tripterygium wilfordii Hook F: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.10.025","article-title":"Protective effects of water fraction of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract against hypercalciuria and trabecular bone deterioration in experimentally type 1 diabetic mice","volume":"158","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113074","article-title":"Application and pharmacological mechanism of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"150","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."}],"container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711323000594?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711323000594?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T18:44:12Z","timestamp":1760553852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0944711323000594"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0944711323000594"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-7113"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-7113","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effectiveness of Yishen Tongbi decoction versus methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: A double-blind, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Phytomedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154704","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"154704"}}