{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:16:36Z","timestamp":1791332196710,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81920108022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81920108022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011476","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31872742"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31872742"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011476","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011476","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82172232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011476","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011476","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81630055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81630055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011476","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T12:55:46Z","timestamp":1739537746000},"page":"156498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Artesunate attenuates skin hypertrophic scar formation by inhibiting fibroblast activation and EndMT of vascular endothelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Ruo-yu","family":"Shang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3543-9238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia-cai","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-gang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-sheng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-chen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan-nan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-hui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-xia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min-jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo-an","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-liang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin-zhi","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0655-2231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tian-tian","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gao-xing","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5302-4669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-feng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-022-02350-z","article-title":"Repurposing artemisinins as neuroprotective agents: a focus on the PI3k\/Akt signalling pathway","volume":"396","author":"Arthur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs. Arch. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2021.12.005","article-title":"Inhibition of ANGPT2 activates autophagy during hypertrophic scar formation via PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway","volume":"98","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155382","article-title":"Artesunate improves glucose and lipid metabolism in db\/db mice by regulating the metabolic profile and the MAPK\/PI3K\/Akt signalling pathway","volume":"126","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.001","article-title":"Artemisinin and artemisinin derivatives as anti-fibrotic therapeutics","volume":"11","author":"Dolivo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2017.11.003","article-title":"Cancer combination therapy of the sesquiterpenoid artesunate and the selective EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib","volume":"37","author":"Efferth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3023","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21842","article-title":"The immunosuppressive activity of artemisinin-type drugs towards inflammatory and autoimmune diseases","volume":"41","author":"Efferth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2014.246","article-title":"Diverse origins of the myofibroblast-implications for kidney fibrosis","volume":"11","author":"Falke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0008","first-page":"4601","article-title":"Inhibiting effects of artemisinin on hypertrophic scar in rabbit ears","volume":"12","author":"Feng Dengchao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Rehabil. Tissue Eng. Res."},{"issue":"10052","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31406-4","article-title":"Hypertrophic scarring: the greatest unmet challenge after burn injury","volume":"388","author":"Finnerty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20190103","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta in tissue fibrosis","volume":"217","author":"Frangogiannis","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154952","article-title":"Targeting different phenotypes of macrophages: a potential strategy for natural products to treat inflammatory bone and joint diseases","volume":"118","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23015","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202300153RR","article-title":"UCHL1 aggravates skin fibrosis through an IGF-1-induced akt\/mTOR\/HIF-1alpha pathway in keloid","volume":"37","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2020.104468","article-title":"Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes suppress dermal fibroblasts-myofibroblats transition via inhibiting the TGF-beta1\/smad 2\/3 signaling pathway","volume":"115","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6590","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2022.2042141","article-title":"Effects of artesunate on the malignant biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer in human and its mechanism","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfad238","article-title":"Endothelial to mesenchymal transition in kidney fibrosis","volume":"39","author":"Jacobs ME","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. TransPlant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tkac023","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkac023","article-title":"WNT5A drives interleukin-6-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the JAK\/STAT pathway in keloid pathogenesis","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Burns. Trauma"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0017","first-page":"3199","article-title":"Artesunate restraining MAPK passage by smad7 to resist pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-21-1447","article-title":"Artesunate attenuates proliferation of epithelial cells by downregulating the NF-\u03bab and AKT signaling pathways in benign mammary gland hyperplasia rats","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26500","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026500","article-title":"Expression of p53 in the effects of artesunate on induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation in rat primary hepatic stellate cells","volume":"6","author":"Longxi","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-018-0255-9","article-title":"Artesunate may inhibit liver fibrosis via the FAK\/Akt\/beta-catenin pathway in LX-2 cells","volume":"19","author":"Lv","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tkad046","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkad046","article-title":"Influence of scar age, laser type and laser treatment intervals on paediatric burn scars: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Burns. Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-263","article-title":"Review of the clinical pharmacokinetics of artesunate and its active metabolite dihydroartemisinin following intravenous, intramuscular, oral or rectal administration","volume":"10","author":"Morris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Malar. J."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-019-01960-7","article-title":"Effect of artesunate and relation with TGF-beta1 and SMAD3 signaling on experimental hypertrophic scar model in rabbit ear","volume":"311","author":"Nong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000008667","article-title":"The most current algorithms for the treatment and prevention of hypertrophic scars and keloids: a 2020 update of the algorithms published 10 years ago","volume":"149","author":"Ogawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2024.02.001","article-title":"Update on hypertrophic scar management in burn patients","volume":"51","author":"Ogawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Plast. Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01687-y","article-title":"Artesunate ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced airway remodelling via PPAR-gamma\/TGF-beta1\/Smad2\/3 signalling pathway","volume":"22","author":"Pan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2005.11.007","article-title":"Inhibition of transforming growth factor-beta\/smad signaling by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway","volume":"242","author":"Qiao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2023.0222","article-title":"TGF-beta as A master regulator of aging-associated tissue fibrosis","volume":"14","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1462841","article-title":"Lung epithelial-endothelial-mesenchymal signaling network with hepatocyte growth factor as a hub is involved in bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"12","author":"Sang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tkac044","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkac044","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps contribute to myofibroblast differentiation and scar hyperplasia through the toll-like receptor 9\/nuclear factor Kappa-B\/interleukin-6 pathway","volume":"10","author":"Shao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Burns. Trauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2021.06.009","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein-7 inhibits endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells and mouse model of systemic sclerosis via akt\/mTOR\/p70S6K pathway","volume":"103","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tkad009","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkad009","article-title":"The application of corticosteroids for pathological scar prevention and treatment: current review and update","volume":"11","author":"Sheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Burns. Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2020-0219","article-title":"p75NTR silencing inhibits proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by activating autophagy through inhibiting the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR pathway","volume":"99","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6242","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26495-2","article-title":"The serine proteases dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 and urokinase are key molecules in human and mouse scar formation","volume":"12","author":"Vorstandlechner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.04.017","article-title":"Artesunate protects against surgery-induced knee arthrofibrosis by activating Beclin-1-mediated autophagy via inhibition of mTOR signaling","volume":"854","author":"Wan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.13067","article-title":"PI3K\/AKT pathway promotes keloid fibroblasts proliferation by enhancing glycolysis under hypoxia","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Wound Repair. Regen."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13157","article-title":"Role of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced by TGF-\u03b21 in transplant kidney interstitial fibrosis","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156333","article-title":"Artesunate disrupts ribosome RNA biogenesis and inhibits ovarian cancer growth by targeting FANCA","volume":"136","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155738","article-title":"Targeting ferroptosis using Chinese herbal compounds to treat respiratory diseases","volume":"130","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0040","article-title":"Reconceptualizing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in atherosclerosis: signaling pathways and prospective targeting strategies","volume":"S2090-1232","author":"You","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011626","article-title":"Mining host candidate regulators of schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis in response to artesunate therapy through transcriptomics approach","volume":"17","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2020.153381","article-title":"Artesunate inhibits Sjogren's syndrome-like autoimmune responses and BAFF-induced B cell hyperactivation via TRAF6-mediated NF-kappaB signaling","volume":"80","author":"Zhan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154259","article-title":"Artesunate: a review of its therapeutic insights in respiratory diseases","volume":"104","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0044","article-title":"Effect of artesunate combined with fractional CO(2) laser on the hypertrophic scar in a rabbit model","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lasers Surg. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2021.05.013","article-title":"Effectiveness of artesunate combined with fractional CO2 laser in a hypertrophic scar model with underlying mechanism","volume":"48","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Burns"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-022-03229-3","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Verapamil versus triamcinolone acetonide in treating keloids and hypertrophic scars: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aesthetic. Plast. Surg."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0047","first-page":"813","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics of a transdermal preparation of artesunate in mice and rabbits","volume":"24","author":"Zhao","year":"1989","journal-title":"Yao Xue Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tkad048","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkad048","article-title":"Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha by miR-203a-3p reduces hypertrophic scar formation via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Burns. Trauma"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed9090223","article-title":"Antimalarial mechanisms and resistance status of Artemisinin and its derivatives","volume":"9","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2020.109273","article-title":"Artesunate induces autophagy dependent apoptosis through upregulating ROS and activating AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 axis in human bladder cancer cells","volume":"331","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."}],"container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325001394?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325001394?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T15:27:10Z","timestamp":1763047630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0944711325001394"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0944711325001394"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-7113"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-7113","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Artesunate attenuates skin hypertrophic scar formation by inhibiting fibroblast activation and EndMT of vascular endothelial cells","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Phytomedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156498","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier GmbH. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"156498"}}