{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:00:35Z","timestamp":1788328835672,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012218","name":"Xuzhou Medical University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KFXY201904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFXY201904"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012218","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82201808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82201808"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82201545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82201545"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018916","name":"Suzhou Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XWKYHT20210582"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XWKYHT20210582"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018916","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018916","name":"Suzhou Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XWKYHT20230029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XWKYHT20230029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018916","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T11:51:32Z","timestamp":1748519492000},"page":"156921","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Diosgenin promoted OPCs differentiation via blocking GLUR2\/GAPDH interaction in a pilocarpine rat model of epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Zixuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingwei","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaowei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7617-5438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiqin","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000001142","article-title":"Baicalin Promotes CNS Remyelination via PPAR\u03b3 Signal Pathway","volume":"9","author":"Ai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2011.12.006","article-title":"Regulation of AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity","volume":"22","author":"Anggono","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"6783","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/35012083","article-title":"Glutamatergic synapses on oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the hippocampus","volume":"405","author":"Bergles","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.09.066","article-title":"In vivo regulation of oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation and differentiation by the AMPA-receptor subunit GluA2","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11030783","article-title":"The role of glutamate receptors in epilepsy","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155891","article-title":"Diosgenin alleviates arsenic trioxide induced cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting endothelial mesenchymal transition","volume":"132","author":"Cui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2120393119","article-title":"Phloretin enhances remyelination by stimulating oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation","volume":"119","author":"Dierckx","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. u S. a"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2019.01.002","article-title":"Molecular control of oligodendrocyte development","volume":"42","author":"Elbaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2022.108991","article-title":"Recent advances in chemical synthesis, biocatalysis, and biological evaluation of diosgenin derivatives - A review","volume":"180","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Steroids."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114815","article-title":"Alpha-asaronol promoted oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and improved myelination as an activator PPAR\u03b3","volume":"163","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. PharmacOther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2020.09.009","article-title":"Revisiting remyelination: towards a consensus on the regeneration of CNS myelin","volume":"116","author":"Franklin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001930","article-title":"Perampanel for tonic-clonic seizures in idiopathic generalized epilepsy A randomized trial","volume":"85","author":"French","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3245","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5118-05.2006","article-title":"Differential dependence of axo-dendritic and axo-somatic GABAergic synapses on GABAA receptors containing the alpha1 subunit in Purkinje cells","volume":"26","author":"Fritschy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2011.00100","article-title":"Expression of the AMPA receptor subunits GluR1 and GluR2 is associated with granule cell maturation in the dentate gyrus","volume":"5","author":"Hagihara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10030464","article-title":"Ionotropic glutamate receptors in epilepsy: a review focusing on AMPA and NMDA receptors","volume":"10","author":"Hanada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules."},{"issue":"5023","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0016","first-page":"1028","article-title":"Identification of a site in glutamate receptor subunits that controls calcium permeability","volume":"253","author":"Hume","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science (1979)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.06.001","article-title":"The role of the GluR2 subunit in AMPA receptor function and synaptic plasticity","volume":"54","author":"Isaac","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13392","article-title":"Dioscin elevates lncRNA MANTIS in therapeutic angiogenesis for heart diseases","volume":"20","author":"Kong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2007.04.051","article-title":"Sedimentation field flow fractionation to study human erythroleukemia cell megakaryocytic differentiation after short period diosgenin induction","volume":"1157","author":"L\u00e9ger","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2021.147723","article-title":"Baicalin suppresses neuron autophagy and apoptosis by regulating astrocyte polarization in pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptic rats and PC12 cells","volume":"1774","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2024.102588","article-title":"Epilepsy and demyelination: towards a bidirectional relationship","volume":"234","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0022","article-title":"Gut microbiota modification by diosgenin mediates antiepileptic effects in a mouse model of epilepsy","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154309","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes remyelination and functional recovery in demyelinating disease by enhancing oligodendrocyte precursor cells-mediated myelin repair","volume":"106","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.08.006","article-title":"The history of the pharmacology and cloning of ionotropic glutamate receptors and the development of idiosyncratic nomenclature","volume":"56","author":"Lodge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO02877H","article-title":"Diosgenin relieves oxaliplatin-induced pain by affecting TLR4\/NF-\u03baB inflammatory signaling and the gut microbiota","volume":"14","author":"Man","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00368-4","article-title":"Synaptic transmission and plasticity in the absence of AMPA glutamate receptor GluR2 and GluR3","volume":"39","author":"Meng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3835(95)03923-K","article-title":"Changes in lipoxygenase activities in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells during diosgenin-induced differentiation","volume":"96","author":"Nappez","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12883","article-title":"Adjunctive perampanel in partial-onset seizures: asia-Pacific, randomized phase III study","volume":"137","author":"Nishida","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15101297","article-title":"Targeting NMDA Receptor Complex in Management of Epilepsy","volume":"15","author":"Sivakumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals. (Basel)"},{"issue":"7274","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08624","article-title":"X-ray structure, symmetry and mechanism of an AMPA-subtype glutamate receptor","volume":"462","author":"Sobolevsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(93)90031-2","article-title":"The excitatory amino acid antagonist D-CPP-ene (SDZ EAA-494) in patients with epilepsy","volume":"16","author":"Sveinbjornsdottir","year":"1993","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.07.054","article-title":"Expression of the GluA2 subunit of glutamate receptors is required for the normal dendritic differentiation of cerebellar Purkinje cells","volume":"657","author":"Tanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10960","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.18.10960","article-title":"ZK200775: a phosphonate quinoxalinedione AMPA antagonist for neuroprotection in stroke and trauma","volume":"95","author":"Turski","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. u S. a"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200900609","article-title":"Diosgenin present in fenugreek improves glucose metabolism by promoting adipocyte differentiation and inhibiting inflammation in adipose tissues","volume":"54","author":"Uemura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-6606-5-13","article-title":"Direct interaction between GluR2 and GAPDH regulates AMPAR-mediated excitotoxicity","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2017.11.021","article-title":"Influence of the epileptiform discharge microenvironment on the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells","volume":"1679","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22333","article-title":"Diosgenin promotes oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation through estrogen receptor-mediated ERK1\/2 activation to accelerate remyelination","volume":"60","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.155299","article-title":"Diosgenin as a substitute for cholesterol alleviates NAFLD by affecting CYP7A1 and NPC1L1-related pathway","volume":"125","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02052-9","article-title":"Diosgenin restores memory function via SPARC-driven axonal growth from the hippocampus to the PFC in Alzheimer's disease model mice","volume":"28","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-6606-7-20","article-title":"Disruption of the nuclear p53-GAPDH complex protects against ischemia-induced neuronal damage","volume":"7","author":"Zhai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2013.01.013","article-title":"Disruption of the GluR2\/GAPDH complex protects against ischemia-induced neuronal damage","volume":"54","author":"Zhai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2023.07.004","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rg1 improved learning and memory ability and reduces neuronal apoptosis in epileptic rats through ERK\/CREB\/BDNF signal pathway","volume":"675","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.153991","article-title":"Diosgenin revealed potential effect against cerebral ischemia reperfusion through HIKESHI\/HSP70\/NF-\u03baB anti-inflammatory axis","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"}],"container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325005598?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325005598?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T08:48:05Z","timestamp":1762332485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0944711325005598"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0944711325005598"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-7113"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-7113","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diosgenin promoted OPCs differentiation via blocking GLUR2\/GAPDH interaction in a pilocarpine rat model of epilepsy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Phytomedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156921","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier GmbH. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"156921"}}