{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:43:38Z","timestamp":1790401418429,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019978","name":"Shanghai Pudong New Area Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.YC-2023-0401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.YC-2023-0401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019978","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019978","name":"Shanghai Pudong New Area Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YC-2023-0401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YC-2023-0401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019978","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PKJ2023-Y109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PKJ2023-Y109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PW2024D-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PW2024D-10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T23:25:32Z","timestamp":1753313132000},"page":"157095","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Sophora Flos extract ameliorates inflammatory bowel disease via inhibiting the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway activation and modulating M1\/M2 polarization in macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Anhong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxiao","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingqing","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruya","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzhong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.18.s2.1.x","article-title":"Review article: mechanisms of action of mesalazine in preventing colorectal carcinoma in inflammatory bowel disease","author":"ALLGAYER","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107823","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and M2 macrophage polarization-promoting effect of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes","volume":"97","author":"ARABPOUR","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10686","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.8b03385","article-title":"Breakthroughs in the health effects of plant food bioactives: a perspective on microbiomics, nutri(epi)genomics, and metabolomics","volume":"66","author":"BAYRAM","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Agric, Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b02283","article-title":"Polyphenols and intestinal permeability: rationale and future perspectives","volume":"68","author":"BERNARDI","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.10.008","article-title":"T helper cell cytokines modulate intestinal stem cell renewal and differentiation","volume":"175","author":"BITON","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.08.005","article-title":"Structural basis for regulation of phosphoinositide kinases and their involvement in Human disease","volume":"71","author":"BURKE","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2652","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2002697","article-title":"Pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"383","author":"CHANG","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0008","article-title":"Prediction and analysis of essential genes using the enrichments of gene ontology and KEGG pathways","volume":"12","author":"CHEN","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.155283","article-title":"Traditional herbal pair Portulacae Herba and Granati Pericarpium alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice through IL-6\/STAT3\/SOCS3 pathway","volume":"126","author":"CHENG","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.83","article-title":"The single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction: twenty-something years on","volume":"1","author":"CHOMCZYNSKI","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.10.036","article-title":"A review on plant-based rutin extraction methods and its pharmacological activities","volume":"150","author":"CHUA","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0012","series-title":"Chinese Pharmacopoeia","author":"COMMITTEE","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2024.01.033","article-title":"Somatic loss-of-function PIK3R1 and activating non-hotspot PIK3CA mutations associated with capillary malformation with dilated veins (CMDV)","volume":"144","author":"DE BORTOLI","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7429","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of Rhein on ulcerative colitis via inhibiting PI3K\/akt\/mTOR signaling pathway and regulating gut microbiota","volume":"36","author":"DONG","year":"2022","journal-title":"PhytOther Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1080\/13880200601113123","article-title":"Ontogenetic and seasonal variation in the flavonoid composition of Sophora japonica. Cultivated in Bulgaria","volume":"45","author":"GEVRENOVA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2016.12.011","article-title":"Quercetin induces apoptosis and autophagy in primary effusion lymphoma cells by inhibiting PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR and STAT3 signaling pathways","volume":"41","author":"GRANATO","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2016.3771","article-title":"Different functions of AKT1 and AKT2 in molecular pathways, cell migration and metabolism in colon cancer cells","volume":"50","author":"H\u00e4GGBLAD SAHLBERG","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1009.2013.00690","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative analysis of flavonoids in Sophora tonkinensis by LC\/MS and HPLC","volume":"11","author":"HE","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin. J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.04.014","article-title":"Local and traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Sophora japonica L.: a review","volume":"187","author":"HE","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-011-0325-6","article-title":"PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis","volume":"60","author":"HUANG","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.37.1616","article-title":"Studies on the antihemostatic substances in herbs classified as hemostatics in traditional Chinese medicine. I.: on the antihemostatic principles in Sophora japonica L","volume":"37","author":"ISHIDA","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3698","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00452","article-title":"Vasoactive intestinal peptide nanomedicine for the management of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"14","author":"JAYAWARDENA","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20945","article-title":"CHARMM-GUI: a web-based graphical user interface for CHARMM","volume":"29","author":"JO","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.113843","article-title":"Prediction of the therapeutic mechanism responsible for the effects of Sophora japonica flower buds on contact dermatitis by network-based pharmacological analysis","volume":"271","author":"KIM","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-318264","article-title":"Anti-TNF therapy in IBD exerts its therapeutic effect through macrophage IL-10 signalling","volume":"69","author":"KOELINK","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1716-1","article-title":"A practical guide to methods controlling false discoveries in computational biology","volume":"20","author":"KORTHAUER","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.11.012","article-title":"Unveiling the anti-inflammatory activity of Sutherlandia frutescens using murine macrophages","volume":"29","author":"LEI","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104835","article-title":"Cytokines in inflammatory bowel diseases - update 2020","volume":"158","author":"LEPPKES","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154284","article-title":"Lonicera rupicola Hook.F.et Thoms flavonoids ameliorated dysregulated inflammatory responses, intestinal barrier, and gut microbiome in ulcerative colitis via PI3K\/AKT pathway","volume":"104","author":"LI","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.1357","article-title":"Optimisation of infrared-assisted extraction of rutin from crude Flos Sophorae Immaturus using response surface methodology and HPLC analysis","volume":"23","author":"LI","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phytochem. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116901","article-title":"Protective effects of Amauroderma rugosum on dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis through the regulation of macrophage polarization and suppression of oxidative stress","volume":"176","author":"LI","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. PharmacOther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0032","article-title":"The mechanism of action of paeoniae radix rubra-angelicae sinensis radix drug pair in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis through PI3K\/AKT\/NF-\u03bab signaling pathway","volume":"14","author":"LI","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16460","article-title":"Interleukin-22 promotes intestinal-stem-cell-mediated epithelial regeneration","volume":"528","author":"LINDEMANS","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0050841","article-title":"Three- and four-site models for heavy water: SPC\/E-HW, TIP3P-HW, and TIP4P\/2005-HW","volume":"154","author":"LINSE","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2019.125124","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids","volume":"299","author":"MALEKI","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2011.029","article-title":"Multiple comparison analysis testing in ANOVA","volume":"21","author":"MCHUGH","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Med. (Zagreb)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.2174\/157340911795677602","article-title":"Molecular docking: a powerful approach for structure-based drug discovery","volume":"7","author":"MENG","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Comput. Aided. Drug Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0","article-title":"Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies","volume":"390","author":"NG","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.03.017","article-title":"PI3K pathway defects leading to immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation","volume":"143","author":"NUNES-SANTOS","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.09.007","article-title":"The biology of the glucocorticoid receptor: new signaling mechanisms in health and disease","volume":"132","author":"OAKLEY","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1758-4","article-title":"Cytoscape Automation: empowering workflow-based network analysis","volume":"20","author":"OTASEK","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.05.004","article-title":"Fisetin inhibits the generation of inflammatory mediators in interleukin-1\u03b2\u2013induced human lung epithelial cells by suppressing the NF-\u03bab and ERK1\/2 pathways","volume":"60","author":"PENG","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int, Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0043","first-page":"20","article-title":"Molecular docking: shifting paradigms in drug discovery","author":"PINZI","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0044","article-title":"qPCR analysis reveals association of differential expression of SRR, NFKB1, and PDE4B genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"12","author":"RAZA","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0045","first-page":"25","article-title":"RmsdXNA: RMSD prediction of nucleic acid-ligand docking poses using machine-learning method","author":"TAN","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. Bioinform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.09.051","article-title":"Network pharmacology-based prediction of the active ingredients and potential targets of Chinese herbal Radix Curcumae formula for application to cardiovascular disease","volume":"145","author":"TAO","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-22294-x","article-title":"A critical path to producing high quality, reproducible data from quantitative western blot experiments","volume":"12","author":"TAYLOR","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111854","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activities of amber extract in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages","volume":"141","author":"TIAN","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. PharmacOther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.07.054","article-title":"Analysis of nitrite and nitrate in biological fluids by assays based on the Griess reaction: appraisal of the Griess reaction in the l-arginine\/nitric oxide area of research","volume":"851","author":"TSIKAS","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2986","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.4731","article-title":"Improved characterization of tomato polyphenols using liquid chromatography\/electrospray ionization linear ion trap quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography\/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"24","author":"VALLVERD\u00fa-QUERALT","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rapid. Commun. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2017.01.051","article-title":"Effect of sophora japonica total flavonoids on pancreas, kidney tissue morphology of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model","volume":"24","author":"WANG","year":"2017","journal-title":"Saudi. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joim.2022.09.004","article-title":"Methodology of network pharmacology for research on Chinese herbal medicine against COVID-19: a review","volume":"20","author":"WANG","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.05.023","article-title":"Angelica sinensis in China-A review of botanical profile, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and chemical analysis","volume":"190","author":"WEI","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1255354","article-title":"Macrophages: master regulators of inflammation and fibrosis","volume":"30","author":"WYNN","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin. Liver. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0055","article-title":"Identification of immune-related gene signature and prediction of CeRNA network in active ulcerative colitis","volume":"13","author":"XU","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2023.02.017","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species-responsive nanocarrier ameliorates murine colitis by intervening colonic innate and adaptive immune responses","volume":"31","author":"YAN","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.155135","article-title":"Polyphyllin I induced ferroptosis to suppress the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through activation of the mitochondrial dysfunction via Nrf2\/HO-1\/GPX4 axis","volume":"122","author":"YANG","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0058","first-page":"13","article-title":"Human fecal microbiota transplantation reduces the susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium-induced germ-free mouse colitis","author":"YANG","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.117729","article-title":"Dendrobium huoshanense in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: network pharmacology and experimental validation","volume":"323","author":"YAO","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116815","article-title":"Study on the material basis and action mechanisms of sophora davidii (Franch.) skeels flower extract in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"317","author":"YE","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7400","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b00893","article-title":"Structural insight into the interactions between death-associated protein kinase 1 and natural flavonoids","volume":"58","author":"YOKOYAMA","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med, Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13258","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome mediates M1 macrophage polarization and IL-1\u03b2 production in inflammatory root resorption","volume":"47","author":"ZHANG","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12361","DOI":"10.1021\/jf203146e","article-title":"Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of selected medicinal plants containing phenolic and flavonoid compounds","volume":"59","author":"ZHANG","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13711","article-title":"Key aroma compounds and metabolic profiling of debaryomyces hansenii L1-1-fermented Flos Sophorae","volume":"45","author":"ZHANG","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2017.08.006","article-title":"Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems targeting inflammation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"16","author":"ZHANG","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116306","article-title":"Network pharmacology, a promising approach to reveal the pharmacology mechanism of Chinese medicine formula","volume":"309","author":"ZHAO","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325007342?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325007342?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T23:47:07Z","timestamp":1777592827000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0944711325007342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["S0944711325007342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-7113"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-7113","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sophora Flos extract ameliorates inflammatory bowel disease via inhibiting the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway activation and modulating M1\/M2 polarization in macrophages","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Phytomedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157095","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier GmbH. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"157095"}}