{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T03:43:04Z","timestamp":1787197384942,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012505","name":"Hebei Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023B10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023B10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H2022206592"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2022206592"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023206920"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023206920"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["236Z7726G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["236Z7726G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T21:41:45Z","timestamp":1754430105000},"page":"157131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Huo Po Xia Ling decoction exerts preventive and improvement effects on gastric precancerous lesions by remodeling gut microbiota and associated metabolites"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Yanru","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yining","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shasha","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuping","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoen","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4974-1550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bingjie","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20221682","article-title":"Tryptophan metabolism and disposition in cancer biology and immunotherapy","volume":"42","author":"Badawy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biosci. Rep."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6652","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22136652","article-title":"Molecular alterations in gastric preneoplastic lesions and early gastric cancer","volume":"22","author":"Battista","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2547","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2014.187","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection and stem cells at the origin of gastric cancer","volume":"34","author":"Bess\u00e8de","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0004","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156346","article-title":"Xiaohuafuning tang intervenes liver-depression-and-spleen-deficiency syndrome chronic-atrophic-gastritis by reshaping amino acid metabolism through gut microbiota","volume":"136","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.733979","article-title":"Gut microbial dysbiosis and changes in fecal metabolic phenotype in precancerous lesions of gastric cancer induced with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, sodium salicylate, ranitidine, and irregular diet","volume":"12","author":"Chu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0007","first-page":"6735","article-title":"Human gastric carcinogenesis: a multistep and multifactorial process\u2013first American cancer society award lecture on cancer epidemiology and prevention","volume":"52","author":"Correa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9664","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179664","article-title":"The oncobiome in gastroenteric and genitourinary cancers","volume":"23","author":"D'Antonio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.631140","article-title":"Low bifidobacterium abundance in the lower gut microbiota is associated with Helicobacter pylori-related gastric ulcer and gastric cancer","volume":"12","author":"Devi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0010","article-title":"A systematic review of the gastrointestinal microbiome: a game changer in colorectal cancer","volume":"14","author":"Eastmond","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-020-01474-7","article-title":"Human gut microbiota\/microbiome in health and diseases: a review","volume":"113","author":"Gomaa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.06.025","article-title":"Inflammation and cancer: triggers, mechanisms, and consequences","volume":"51","author":"Greten","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3502","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47594-w","article-title":"The gut commensal blautia maintains colonic mucus function under low-fiber consumption through secretion of short-chain fatty acids","volume":"15","author":"Holmberg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2010.00124","article-title":"A gut feeling about GABA: focus on GABA(B) receptors","volume":"1","author":"Hyland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17921-x","article-title":"Plasma sample based analysis of gastric cancer progression using targeted metabolomics","volume":"7","author":"Lario","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01057-x","article-title":"How bile acids and the microbiota interact to shape host immunity","volume":"24","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO01962B","article-title":"Bilberry anthocyanin extract promotes intestinal barrier function and inhibits digestive enzyme activity by regulating the gut microbiota in aging rats","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3143","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15143143","article-title":"Analysis of metabolites in Gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-020-00784-w","article-title":"Role of gut microbiota in identification of novel TCM-derived active metabolites","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0020","first-page":"299","article-title":"[Pathological evaluation of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer and precancerous lesion in 411 cases]","volume":"55","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-025-02081-2","article-title":"Enteric GABAergic neuron-derived \u03b3-aminobutyric acid initiates expression of Igfbp7 to sustain ILC3 homeostasis","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156255","article-title":"Modified Zuojin pill alleviates gastric precancerous lesions by inhibiting glycolysis through the HIF-1\u03b1 pathway","volume":"136","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.155084","article-title":"Integrating metabolomics, 16S rRNA sequencing, network pharmacology, and metorigin to explore the mechanism of cinnamomi Cortex in treating chronic atrophic gastritis rats","volume":"121","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1203265","article-title":"The effect of phytochemicals in N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitroguanidine promoting the occurrence and development of gastric cancer","volume":"14","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051474","article-title":"The firmicutes\/bacteroidetes ratio: a relevant marker of gut dysbiosis in obese patients","volume":"12","author":"Magne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01014-8","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids: linking diet, the microbiome and immunity","volume":"24","author":"Mann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-024-01021-x","article-title":"Role of the microbiome in the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal cancers","volume":"55","author":"Mascaretti","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Gastrointest. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.757718","article-title":"Roseburia intestinalis: a beneficial gut organism from the discoveries in genus and species","volume":"11","author":"Nie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12547","article-title":"Evaluation of gastric microbiome and metagenomic function in patients with intestinal metaplasia using 16S rRNA gene sequencing","volume":"24","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0859-1883","volume":"51","author":"Pimentel-Nunes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(01)74481-5","article-title":"Invited review: the scientific basis of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM functionality as a probiotic","volume":"84","author":"Sanders","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-024-00610-9","article-title":"Unlocking gut-liver-brain axis communication metabolites: energy metabolism, immunity and barriers","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0033","series-title":"Huopuxialing Decoction: A Promising Candidate for Precancerous Lesions of Gastric Cancer Treatment Based On Bioinformatics and Experimental Verification","author":"Wang","year":"2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041189","article-title":"Targeting dietary and microbial tryptophan-indole metabolism as therapeutic approaches to colon cancer","volume":"13","author":"Wyatt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113778","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction","volume":"155","author":"Zhan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-023-01539-6","article-title":"Identification reproducible microbiota biomarkers for the diagnosis of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0037","article-title":"The relationship between gastric microbiome features and responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.898240","article-title":"Anti-gastric cancer activity of the cell-free culture supernatant of serofluid dish and lactiplantibacillus plantarum YT013","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0039","article-title":"Inflammatory microenvironment in gastric premalignant lesions: implication and application","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2019.1591499","article-title":"The relationship between gastric microbiota and gastric disease","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-021-00445-y","article-title":"Determination of the protective effects of Hua-Zhuo-Jie-Du in chronic atrophic gastritis by regulating intestinal microbiota and metabolites: combination of liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer metabolic profiling and 16S rRNA gene sequencing","volume":"16","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-01789-5","article-title":"Anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease","volume":"29","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415451","article-title":"Lactobacilli downregulate transcription factors in Helicobacter pylori that affect motility, acid tolerance and antimicrobial peptide survival","volume":"23","author":"Zuo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325007706?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325007706?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T16:32:24Z","timestamp":1778776344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0944711325007706"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0944711325007706"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-7113"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-7113","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Huo Po Xia Ling decoction exerts preventive and improvement effects on gastric precancerous lesions by remodeling gut microbiota and associated metabolites","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Phytomedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157131","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"157131"}}