{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T15:21:57Z","timestamp":1785770517780,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024NSFSC1585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024NSFSC1585"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032767","name":"Sichuan Medical Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Q2024072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Q2024072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82270994"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82270994"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470997"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470997"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82301106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82301106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T22:56:41Z","timestamp":1766876201000},"page":"157742","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Shengmai San attenuates irradiation-induced salivary gland injury and fibrosis by inhibiting the SPHK1-S1P-S1PR1 axis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Honglin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanru","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2999-0007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongxuan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suning","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8681-3413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0724-6845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junsheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1107-8861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhangfan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8553-1430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yubin","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00556","article-title":"Sphingosine kinases and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors: signaling and actions in the cardiovascular system","volume":"8","author":"Cannavo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16442","article-title":"Pilocarpine and artificial saliva for the treatment of xerostomia and xerophthalmia in Sj\u00f6gren syndrome: a double-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"179","author":"Cifuentes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8359251","article-title":"Efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in xerostomia and quality of life during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: a prospective pilot study","volume":"2016","author":"Hsu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Evid. Based. Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X03001193","article-title":"Role of component herbs in antioxidant activity of shengmai san\u2013a traditional Chinese medicine formula preventing cerebral oxidative damage in rat","volume":"31","author":"Ichikawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.01.017","article-title":"Sphingolipid metabolism controls mammalian heart regeneration","volume":"36","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1329743","article-title":"A Chinese classical prescription Maimendong decoction in treatment of pulmonary fibrosis: an overview","volume":"15","author":"Lao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2024.09.047","article-title":"ORAI2 is important for the development of early-stage postirradiation fibrosis in salivary glands","volume":"121","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2023.02.004","article-title":"Specific inhibitor of Smad3 (SIS3) alleviated submandibular gland fibrosis and dysfunction after dominant duct ligation in mice","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dent. Sci."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0009","article-title":"TGF-\u03b21 maintains the developmental potential of embryonic submandibular gland epithelia separated with mesenchyme","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2022.105389","article-title":"Network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking-based strategy to explore the potential mechanism of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction against sepsis","volume":"144","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-024-04591-2","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine for sjogren's syndrome: a national survey of attitudes and perceptions among Chinese patients and rheumatologists","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC. Complement. Med. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S287582","article-title":"ShengMai-San attenuates cardiac remodeling in diabetic rats by inhibiting NOX-mediated oxidative stress","volume":"14","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes. Metab. Syndr. Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.02.013","article-title":"Shengmai San-derived herbal prevents the development of a vulnerable substrate for atrial fibrillation in a rat model of ischemic heart failure","volume":"100","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. PharmacOther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1455969","article-title":"Network meta-analysis of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3388","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.11-183970","article-title":"Role of sphingolipids in murine radiation-induced lung injury: protection by sphingosine 1-phosphate analogs","volume":"25","author":"Mathew","year":"2011","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0016","first-page":"31","article-title":"Interventions to improve quality of life in patients with head and neck cancers receiving radiation therapy: a scoping review","volume":"32","author":"Nayak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154433","article-title":"Shengmai san-derived compound prescriptions: a review on chemical constituents, pharmacokinetic studies, quality control, and pharmacological properties","volume":"107","author":"Ouyang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0018","first-page":"286","article-title":"Oral health-related quality of life after radiation therapy for head and neck cancer: the OraRad study","volume":"31","author":"Patton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0019","first-page":"3913","article-title":"Effectiveness of exercise-based rehabilitation on functional capacity and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients receiving chemo-radiotherapy","volume":"27","author":"Samuel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510376044","article-title":"Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in human submandibular cells","volume":"89","author":"Seo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3371","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.X120.012838","article-title":"Sphingosine-1-phosphate: from insipid lipid to a key regulator","volume":"295","author":"Spiegel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2918","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1221","article-title":"Common oral complications of head and neck cancer radiation therapy: mucositis, infections, saliva change, fibrosis, sensory dysfunctions, dental caries, periodontal disease, and osteoradionecrosis","volume":"6","author":"Sroussi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01504","article-title":"The role of S1P and the related signaling pathway in the development of tissue fibrosis","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.155029","article-title":"Rubus Occidentalis and its bioactive compounds against cancer: from molecular mechanisms to translational advances","volume":"126","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155938","article-title":"Shengmai San formula alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice through gut microbiota-derived bile acid promotion of M2 macrophage polarization and thermogenesis","volume":"133","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.FP0050018","article-title":"Shengmai San, a Chinese herbal medicine protects against rat heat stroke by reducing inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide formation","volume":"98","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-022-02589-7","article-title":"S1PR1\/S1PR3-YAP signaling and S1P-ALOX15 signaling contribute to an aggressive behavior in obesity-lymphoma","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2010.01.021","article-title":"Study on the radical scavengers in the traditional Chinese medicine formula shengmai san by HPLC-DAD coupled with chemiluminescence (CL) and ESI-MS\/MS","volume":"52","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18091825","article-title":"Extract of Sheng-Mai-San ameliorates myocardial Ischemia-induced heart failure by modulating Ca(2+)-Calcineurin-Mediated Drp1 signaling pathways","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2016.11.012","article-title":"Potential accumulation of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides in six-months toxicokinetic study of SHENMAI injection in dogs","volume":"83","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2021.153920","article-title":"Sheng Mai San ameliorated heat stress-induced liver injury via regulating energy metabolism and AMPK\/Drp1-dependent autophagy process","volume":"97","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9138","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21239138","article-title":"TGF-\u03b2 pathway in salivary gland fibrosis","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0034","article-title":"YiXin-Shu, a ShengMai-San-based traditional Chinese medicine formula, attenuates myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury by suppressing mitochondrial mediated apoptosis and upregulating liver-X-receptor alpha","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.10.011","article-title":"The sphingosine kinase-1\/sphingosine-1-phosphate axis in cancer: potential target for anticancer therapy","volume":"195","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106388","article-title":"Network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking-based strategy to explore the potential mechanism of Ginseng-Schisandra Chinensis decoction against asthma","volume":"181","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"}],"container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325013765?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711325013765?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T20:39:18Z","timestamp":1773952758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0944711325013765"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S0944711325013765"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-7113"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-7113","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Shengmai San attenuates irradiation-induced salivary gland injury and fibrosis by inhibiting the SPHK1-S1P-S1PR1 axis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Phytomedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157742","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"157742"}}