{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T06:40:54Z","timestamp":1793083254689,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020084","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024A03J1209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A03J1209"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020084","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004000","name":"Guangzhou Science and Technology Program Key Projects","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023B03J1386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023B03J1386"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004000","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012165","name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFB3809904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB3809904"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32071341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32071341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82401021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82202741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82202741"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82402788"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82402788"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024A1515012751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515012751"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515111040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515111040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025A1515012745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025A1515012745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012424"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515010447"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515010447"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009659","name":"Guangzhou Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GMUCR2024\\u201302014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GMUCR2024\\u201302014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T15:43:32Z","timestamp":1776354212000},"page":"158193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Panax notoginseng saponins enhance osteogenesis\u2013angiogenesis coupling to ameliorate osteoporosis combined with intervertebral disc degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"156","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3998-5743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangli","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0218-9500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rixu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi","family":"Yujia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shicong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yushu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuenong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sixiong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongyang","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0001","unstructured":"Andrews, S. 2013. Babraham Bioinformatics -FastQC A quality control tool for high throughput sequence data."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27093","article-title":"Excessive activation of tgf\u03b2 by spinal instability causes vertebral endplate sclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Bian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.10.024","article-title":"Delivery systems for the treatment of degenerated intervertebral discs","volume":"84","author":"Blanquer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172736","article-title":"Expression patterns of Slit and Robo family members in adult mouse spinal cord and peripheral nervous system","volume":"12","author":"Carr","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0005","article-title":"Elimination of senescent cells by senolytics facilitates bony endplate microvessel formation and mitigates disc degeneration in aged mice","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4321","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.8235","article-title":"Ginsenoside CK cooperates with bone mesenchymal stem cells to enhance angiogenesis post-stroke via GLUT1 and HIF-1\u03b1\/VEGF pathway","volume":"38","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"PhytOther Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyw078","article-title":"Intervertebral disk degeneration and repair","volume":"80","author":"Dowdell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.08.008","article-title":"Current trends in biologics delivery to restore intervertebral disc anabolism","volume":"84","author":"Fontana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1123","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1123","article-title":"Vascularization of the human intervertebral disc: a scoping review","volume":"3","author":"Fournier","year":"2020","journal-title":"JOR. Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0010","first-page":"11","article-title":"The association of lumbar disc herniation with lumbar volumetric bone mineral density in a cross-sectional Chinese study","author":"Geng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagn. (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.07.006","article-title":"Grading and staging systems for inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver diseases","volume":"47","author":"Goodman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X","article-title":"What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention","volume":"391","author":"Hartvigsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1182","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1182","article-title":"Panax notoginseng saponins attenuate intervertebral disc degeneration by reducing the end plate porosity in lumbar spinal instability mice","volume":"4","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"JOR. Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8412468","article-title":"Panax Notoginseng saponins prevent bone loss by promoting angiogenesis in an osteoporotic mouse model","volume":"2020","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2024.02.078","article-title":"An injectable anti-vascularization functionalized hydrogel for degenerative nucleus pulposus repair","volume":"203","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-64706-0","article-title":"Osteoporosis, spinal degenerative disorders, and their association with low back pain, activities of daily living, and physical performance in a general population","volume":"14","author":"Iwata","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-018-0538-1","article-title":"Correspondence between bone mineral density and intervertebral disc degeneration across age and sex","volume":"13","author":"Kaiser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Osteoporos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.101902","article-title":"Epigenetic modifications of inflammation in intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"87","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0201-4","article-title":"Graph-based genome alignment and genotyping with HISAT2 and HISAT-genotype","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00733-9","article-title":"Low back pain","volume":"398","author":"Knezevic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13145","article-title":"Coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis by a specific vessel subtype in bone","volume":"507","author":"Kusumbe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp352","article-title":"The sequence alignment\/map format and SAMtools","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioinformatics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-023-06880-x","article-title":"Does vertebral osteoporosis delay or accelerate lumbar disc degeneration? A systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27959","article-title":"Q-Dixon and GRAPPATINI T2 mapping parameters: a whole spinal assessment of the relationship between osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.920167","article-title":"Hounsfield Unit for assessing bone mineral density distribution within cervical vertebrae and its correlation with the intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"13","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656","article-title":"featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features","volume":"30","author":"Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadg8982","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adg8982","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone treatment partially reverses endplate remodeling and attenuates low back pain in animal models of spine degeneration","volume":"15","author":"Ling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-025-06075-6","article-title":"Co-morbid mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoporosis: biomechanical coupling and molecular pathways synergistically driving degenerative lesions","volume":"20","author":"Ling","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2017.01.007","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the saponins in Panax notoginseng leaves using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV detector","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ginseng. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0030","article-title":"Causal relationship between intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoporosis: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.3109\/13697137.2014.933409","article-title":"Menopause is associated with lumbar disc degeneration: a review of 4230 intervertebral discs","volume":"17","author":"Lou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Climacteric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0033","first-page":"1265","article-title":"Research progress of serum pharmacochemistry of traditional Chinese medicine]","volume":"42","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong. Yao Za Zhi."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6843","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1479-07.2007","article-title":"Dual branch-promoting and branch-repelling actions of Slit\/Robo signaling on peripheral and central branches of developing sensory axons","volume":"27","author":"Ma","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30970-9","article-title":"Non-specific low back pain","volume":"389","author":"Maher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0210ST","article-title":"An official American Thoracic Society workshop report: features and measurements of experimental acute lung injury in animals","volume":"44","author":"Matute-Bello","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1164","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1164","article-title":"Development of a standardized histopathology scoring system using machine learning algorithms for intervertebral disc degeneration in the mouse model-an ORS spine section initiative","volume":"4","author":"Melgoza","year":"2021","journal-title":"JOR. Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112103","article-title":"Inhibition of Golgi stress alleviates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by reducing inflammation and apoptosis","volume":"133","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000048650.39042.58","article-title":"Inverse relation between osteoporosis and spondylosis in postmenopausal women as evaluated by bone mineral density and semiquantitative scoring of spinal degeneration","volume":"28","author":"Miyakoshi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.130","article-title":"Chronic low back pain: pharmacological, interventional and surgical strategies","volume":"9","author":"Morlion","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2350","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07544-4","article-title":"The association between vertebral endplate defects, subchondral bone marrow changes, and lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: a retrospective, 3-year longitudinal study","volume":"32","author":"Moser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"issue":"Suppl 8","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S857","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2164-x","article-title":"Vertebral subchondral bone","volume":"23","author":"Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000253961.40910.c1","article-title":"Comparison of animals used in disc research to human lumbar disc geometry","volume":"32","author":"O'connell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.34126","article-title":"Type H blood vessels in bone modeling and remodeling","volume":"10","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13146","article-title":"Endothelial Notch activity promotes angiogenesis and osteogenesis in bone","volume":"507","author":"Ramasamy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(76)92216-9","article-title":"Anabolic effect of low doses of a fragment of human parathyroid hormone on the skeleton in postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"1","author":"Reeve","year":"1976","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V10122591","article-title":"Early experience with dual kidney transplantation in adults using expanded donor criteria. Double Kidney Transplant Group (DKG)","volume":"10","author":"Remuzzi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0048","first-page":"53","article-title":"Validated RP-HPLC method to estimate eugenol from commercial formulations like Caturjata Churna, Lavangadi Vati, Jatiphaladi Churna, Sitopaladi Churna and clove oil","volume":"6","author":"Saran","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2017.03.002","article-title":"Effects of alendronate on lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration with bone loss in ovariectomized rats","volume":"17","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02525-8","article-title":"Denosumab alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration adjacent to lumbar fusion by inhibiting endplate osteochondral remodeling and vertebral osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats","volume":"23","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0051","article-title":"An injectable nano-hydroxyapatite-incorporated hydrogel with sustained release of notoginsenoside R1 enhances bone regeneration by promoting angiogenesis through Notch1\/Akt signaling","author":"Tan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3202-2","article-title":"Calcitonin suppresses intervertebral disk degeneration and preserves lumbar vertebral bone mineral density and bone strength in ovariectomized rats","volume":"26","author":"Tian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.03.028","article-title":"Mechanics and biology in intervertebral disc degeneration: a vicious circle","volume":"23","author":"Vergroesen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.57681","article-title":"Accelerated bone regeneration by Astragaloside IV through stimulating the coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156297","article-title":"Sarsasapogenin stimulates angiogenesis and osteogenesis coupling to treat estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by activating the GPX4\/SLIT3\/ROBO1 axis","volume":"136","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6075","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S488036","article-title":"Panax notoginseng saponins improve angiogenesis in coronary heart disease based on the microRNA 200a methylation pathway","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug. Devel. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.05.005","article-title":"Traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen: a review","volume":"188","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0058","first-page":"135","article-title":"Pharmacological network analysis of the functions and mechanism of kaempferol from Du Zhong in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD)","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Transl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2015.05.056","article-title":"Panax notoginseng saponins suppress radiation-induced osteoporosis by regulating bone formation and resorption","volume":"22","author":"Wenxi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0060","article-title":"clusterProfiler 4.0: a universal enrichment tool for interpreting omics data","volume":"2","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Innov. (Camb)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2024.08.004","article-title":"Panax notoginseng saponins promotes angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"48","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ginseng. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1701-1","article-title":"Osteoporosis of the vertebra and osteochondral remodeling of the endplate causes intervertebral disc degeneration in ovariectomized mice","volume":"20","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.02.035","article-title":"Analytical methods and biological activities of Panax notoginseng saponins: recent trends","volume":"236","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0020-z","article-title":"Targeting skeletal endothelium to ameliorate bone loss","volume":"24","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0065","series-title":"Pharmacological Experimental Methodology","author":"Xu","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116761","article-title":"An angiogenic approach to osteoanabolic therapy targeting the SHN3-SLIT3 pathway","volume":"172","author":"Yallowitz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0282-7","article-title":"A road map for understanding molecular and genetic determinants of osteoporosis","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2958","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10809-6","article-title":"Bone-targeting AAV-mediated silencing of Schnurri-3 prevents bone loss in osteoporosis","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00633","article-title":"UPLC-QTOF\/MS(E) and Bioassay are available approaches for identifying quality fluctuation of Xueshuantong lyophilized powder in clinic","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109738","article-title":"Effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the intervertebral disc degeneration rats and the degenerative pulposus cells and its mechanism","volume":"123","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. PharmacOther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115252","article-title":"Cynarin alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration via protecting nucleus pulposus cells from ferroptosis","volume":"165","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. PharmacOther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2705","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4593-2","article-title":"The effects of intervertebral disc degeneration combined with osteoporosis on vascularization and microarchitecture of the endplate in rhesus monkeys","volume":"25","author":"Zhong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2023.115590","article-title":"A validated LC-MS\/MS method for the quantification of bevacizumab in rat, cynomolgus monkey, and human serum","volume":"235","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-021-03219-z","article-title":"Panax notoginseng saponins promote endothelial progenitor cell angiogenesis via the wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC. Complement. Med. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-019-01000-4","article-title":"The association between CD31(hi)emcn(hi) endothelial cells and bone mineral density in Chinese women","volume":"37","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Bone Min. Metab"}],"container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711326004277?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711326004277?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:25:17Z","timestamp":1780068317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0944711326004277"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":75,"alternative-id":["S0944711326004277"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-7113"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-7113","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Panax notoginseng saponins enhance osteogenesis\u2013angiogenesis coupling to ameliorate osteoporosis combined with intervertebral disc degeneration","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Phytomedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158193","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"158193"}}