{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:42:20Z","timestamp":1791837740253,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012401","name":"Beijing Science and Technology Planning Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z251100004625070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z251100004625070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-I2M-1\\u2013026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-I2M-1\\u2013026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004147","name":"Tsinghua University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004147","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L246028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L246028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T06:13:36Z","timestamp":1777097616000},"page":"158243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids reduce polycystic ovary syndrome by improving hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis function"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"156","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8159-1532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruoyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danfeng","family":"Pu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenjie","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wangmin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhua","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenlong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiqin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumeng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0536-6154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2021.05.008","article-title":"Clinical potential of kisspeptin in reproductive health","volume":"27","author":"Abbara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmg044","article-title":"Ultrasound assessment of the polycystic ovary: international consensus definitions","volume":"9","author":"Balen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14421","article-title":"Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"95","author":"Barber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0004","first-page":"14","article-title":"An overview on clinical studies of Morus species with bioactivities of compounds providing supporting evidence","volume":"14","author":"Chan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0005","first-page":"17","article-title":"Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical trials of Morus alba","volume":"14","author":"Chan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin. J. Nat. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11050905","article-title":"Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids alleviate high-fat diet-induced obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.02.034","article-title":"Flexible scaffold-based cheminformatics approach for polypharmacological drug design","volume":"187","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12978","article-title":"Acute kidney injury, plasma lactate concentrations and lactic acidosis in metformin users: a GoDarts study","volume":"19","author":"Connelly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-024-01528-8","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine supplementation improves endocrine-metabolism profiles and ovulation induction efficacy in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ovarian Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3519","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab320","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist fezolinetant for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"106","author":"Fraser","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4214","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03984-1","article-title":"Data-driven subtypes of polycystic ovary syndrome and their association with clinical outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2010.217","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis","volume":"7","author":"Goodarzi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13109","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1512243112","article-title":"Selective optogenetic activation of arcuate kisspeptin neurons generates pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion","volume":"112","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.11.084","article-title":"Structures, bioactivities and future prospective of polysaccharides from Morus alba (white mulberry): a review","volume":"245","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2024.104296","article-title":"Characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome rat models induced by letrozole, testosterone propionate and high-fat diets","volume":"50","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1080\/19396368.2025.2551005","article-title":"Animal models of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"71","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Syst. Biol. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.841981","article-title":"Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) Alkaloids promote insulin secretion, restore diabetic beta-cell function by preventing dedifferentiation and apoptosis","volume":"13","author":"Lei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0018","article-title":"Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) ameliorate glucose metabolism accompanied by the modulation of gut microbiota and ileal inflammatory damage in type 2 diabetic KKAy mice","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0019","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids in rats and its effects on liver enzyme activity","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-023-00531-2","article-title":"Hypothalamic-ovarian axis and adiposity relationship in polycystic Ovary Syndrome: physiopathology and therapeutic options for the management of metabolic and inflammatory aspects","volume":"13","author":"Lonardo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Obes. Rep."},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2013.01.008","article-title":"Shifting from the single to the multitarget paradigm in drug discovery","volume":"18","author":"Medina-Franco","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvad098","article-title":"The impact of metformin with or without lifestyle modification versus placebo on polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"189","author":"Melin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqad194","article-title":"KNDy neurons of the hypothalamus and their role in GnRH pulse generation: an update","volume":"165","author":"Moore","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155526","article-title":"Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids mitigate atherosclerosis by regulating M1\/M2 macrophage polarization","volume":"128","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1070264","article-title":"Metformin improves polycystic ovary syndrome in mice by inhibiting ovarian ferroptosis","volume":"14","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dei104","article-title":"Acarbose in obese patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"20","author":"Penna","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2109","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Mulberry twig alkaloids tablet for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, and parallel controlled clinical trial","volume":"44","author":"Qu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-020-05860-5","article-title":"Rfamide-related peptide-3 suppresses the substance P-induced promotion of the reproductive performance in female rats modulating hypothalamic kisspeptin expression","volume":"238","author":"Rahdar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2023.102382","article-title":"Central and peripheral mechanisms involved in the control of GnRH neuronal function by metabolic factors","volume":"71","author":"Ruiz-Cruz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020583","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathogenesis, management, and drug repurposing","volume":"23","author":"Sadeghi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-023-09826-0","article-title":"The kisspeptin system in and beyond reproduction: exploring intricate pathways and potential links between endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Salmeri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713123","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in PCOS: insights into reproductive organ pathophysiology","volume":"24","author":"Siemers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-024-00511-3","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Stener-Victorin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157743","article-title":"Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) exert a renoprotective effect by activating PGC-1\u03b1 to mediate fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial homeostasis","volume":"150","author":"Song","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-025-01621-6","article-title":"Physiopathology of polycystic ovary syndrome in endocrinology, metabolism and inflammation","volume":"18","author":"Su","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ovarian Res."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5050","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14235050","article-title":"Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids ameliorate obesity-linked adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation in mice","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.07.025","article-title":"Recommendations from the 2023 International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of polycystic Ovary Syndrome","volume":"120","author":"Teede","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1701694","article-title":"Ramulus mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids improve intestinal oxidative damage and inflammation in DHEA-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats via gut microbiota and metabolite modulation","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7611","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62951-z","article-title":"Androgens drive SLC1A5-dependent metabolic reprogramming in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.157836","article-title":"Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids alleviate diabetic nephropathy by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress and modulating AMPK-associated phosphatidylethanolamine content","volume":"152","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"}],"container-title":["Phytomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711326004770?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944711326004770?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T10:42:55Z","timestamp":1783075375000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0944711326004770"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0944711326004770"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-7113"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-7113","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids reduce polycystic ovary syndrome by improving hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis function","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Phytomedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.158243","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"158243"}}