{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T09:02:20Z","timestamp":1791190940580,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,1]],"date-time":"2004-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1080777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physiology &amp; Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,19]],"date-time":"2004-04-19T17:53:58Z","timestamp":1082397238000},"page":"211-222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Anabolic neuropeptides"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Gareth","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue J","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne C","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne A","family":"Harrold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6136091","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y distribution in rat brain","volume":"221","author":"Allen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15043","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.25.15043","article-title":"The neuropeptide Y\/agouti gene-related protein (AGRP) brain circuitry in normal, anorectic and monosodium glutamate-treated mice","volume":"95","author":"Broberger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00247894","article-title":"Neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and binding sites in the rat mediobasal hypothalamus: effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) lesions","volume":"76","author":"Meister","year":"1989","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90730-9","article-title":"An arcuato-paraventricular and -dorsomedial hypothalamic neuropeptide Y-containing system which lacks noradrenaline in the rat","volume":"331","author":"Bai","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(94)00200-P","article-title":"The hypothalamus and diabetes: insights into the central control of metabolism","volume":"16","author":"Frankish","year":"1995","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.131.6.1446635","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y release from the paraventricular nucleus increases in association with hyperphagia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"131","author":"Sahu","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00628-4","article-title":"Increased neuropeptide Y secretion in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of obese (fa\/fa) Zucker rats","volume":"690","author":"Dryden","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00963-3","article-title":"Central insulin inhibits galanin and neuropeptide Y gene expression and peptide release in intact rats","volume":"777","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB9","first-page":"387","article-title":"Insulin in the brain: a hormonal regulator of energy balance","volume":"13","author":"Schwartz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1159\/000126410","article-title":"Increases in neuropeptide Y content and gene expression in the hypothalamus of rats treated with dexamethasone are prevented by insulin","volume":"57","author":"Wilding","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.1992.tb00207.x","article-title":"Glucocorticoids are required for food deprivation-induced increases in hypothalamic neuropeptide Y expression","volume":"4","author":"Ponsalle","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)91023-8","article-title":"Suppression of neuropeptide Y-elicited eating by adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy: reversal with corticosterone","volume":"501","author":"Stanley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB13","first-page":"R321","article-title":"Effects of intracerebroventricular injection of neuropeptide Y on energy metabolism","volume":"260","author":"Billington","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/381415a0","article-title":"Sensitivity to leptin and susceptibility to seizures of mice lacking neuropeptide Y","volume":"381","author":"Erickson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01962-9","article-title":"Effects of neuropeptide Y deficiency on hypothalamic agouti-gene related protein expression and responsiveness to melanocortin analogues","volume":"848","author":"Marsh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB16","first-page":"R1765","article-title":"Y1 and Y2 receptors for neuropeptide Y","volume":"245","author":"Sheikh","year":"1994","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"PL7","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(92)90342-M","article-title":"Identification of cultured cells selectively expressing Y1-, Y2- or Y3-type receptors for neuropeptide Y\/peptide YY","volume":"50","author":"Wahlestedt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1993.tb00231.x","article-title":"Regional distribution of putative NPY Y1 receptors and neurones expressing Y1 mRNA in forebrain areas of the rat central nervous system","volume":"5","author":"Larsen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(96)00340-5","article-title":"Differential distribution of neuropeptide Y Y1 and Y2 receptors in rat and guinea pig brains","volume":"76","author":"Gehlert","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-01-00073.1993","article-title":"Comparative characterization and autoradiographic distribution of neuropeptide Y receptor subtypes in the rat brain","volume":"13","author":"Dumont","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2396(199602)22:2<139::AID-SYN7>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Autoradiographic distribution of [125I]Leu31, Pro34 PYY and [125I]PYY3\u201336 binding sites in the rat evaluated with two newly developed Y1 and Y2 receptor radioligands","volume":"22","author":"Dumont","year":"1996","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/382168a0","article-title":"A receptor subtype involved in neuropeptide Y induced food intake","volume":"382","author":"Gerald","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0700883","article-title":"Characterization of Y3 receptor-mediated synaptic inhibition by chimeric neuropeptide Y-peptide YY peptides in the rat brainstem","volume":"120","author":"Glaum","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26762","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.45.26762","article-title":"Cloning and functional expression of a human Y4 subtype for pancreatic polypeptide, neuropeptide Y, and peptide YY","volume":"270","author":"Bard","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)01102-5","article-title":"Distribution of [Leu31,Pro34]NPY-sensitive, BIBP3226-insensitive [125I]PYY(3\u201336) binding sites in rat brain: possible relationship to Y5 NPY receptors","volume":"778","author":"Widdowson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(91)90203-2","article-title":"Analysis of neuropeptide-Y induced feeding: dissociation of Y1 and Y2 receptor effects on natural meal patterns","volume":"12","author":"Leibowitz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(85)90452-8","article-title":"Paraventricular nucleus injections of PYY and neuropeptide Y preferentially enhance carbohydrate ingestion","volume":"6","author":"Stanley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.8.2441","article-title":"Selective antagonism of the NPY Y5 receptor does not have a major effect on feeding in rats","volume":"51","author":"Turnbull","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00887","article-title":"Gut hormone PYY3\u201336 physiologically inhibits food intake","volume":"418","author":"Batterham","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8938","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.132043299","article-title":"Important role of hypothalamic Y2 receptors in body weight regulation revealed in conditional knockout mice","volume":"99","author":"Sainsbury","year":"2002","journal-title":"P.N.A.S."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)81680-0","article-title":"Reciprocal regional changes in brain NPY receptor density during dietary restriction and dietary-induced obesity in the rat","volume":"771","author":"Widdowson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.741224.x","article-title":"Early leptin response to a palatable diet predicts dietary obesity in rats: key role of melanocortin-4 receptors in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus","volume":"74","author":"Harrold","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.46.11.1782","article-title":"Inhibition of food response to intracerebroventricular injection of leptin is attenuated in rats with diet-induced obesity","volume":"46","author":"Widdowson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3415","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199810260-00015","article-title":"Induction of neuropeptide Y expression in dorso-medial hypothalmus of diet-induced obese mice","volume":"9","author":"Guan","year":"1998","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80949-6","article-title":"Orexins and orexin receptors\u2014a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior","volume":"92","author":"Sakurai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19981228)402:4<460::AID-CNE3>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Hypocretin\/orexin- and melanin-concentrating hormone-expressing cells form distinct populations in the rodent lateral hypothalamus: relationship to the neuropeptide Y and agouti gene-related protein systems","volume":"402","author":"Broberger","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81041-7","article-title":"Orexin synthesis and response in the gut","volume":"24","author":"Kirchgessner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RC168","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-19-j0003.2001","article-title":"Orexin (hypocretin) neurons contain dynorphin","volume":"21","author":"Chou","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.1999.00378.x","article-title":"Leptin receptor- and STAT3-immunoreactivities in hypocretin\/orexin neurones of the lateral hypothalamus","volume":"11","author":"Hakansson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB40","article-title":"Hypocretin (orexin) and CART peptides are co-expressed in human but not in rodents' hypothalamus","author":"Peyron","year":"2002","journal-title":"FENS Meet Abstr. Paris"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1085","article-title":"Characterization of CART neurons in the rat and human hypothalamus","volume":"432","author":"Elias","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(99)00157-6","article-title":"Differential distribution of orexin-A and orexin-B immunoreactivity in the rat brain and spinal cord","volume":"20","author":"Cutler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(99)00102-0","article-title":"Evidence that NPY Y1 receptors are involved in stimulation of feeding by orexins (hypocretins) in sated rats","volume":"87","author":"Jain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(00)00311-9","article-title":"Evidence of NPY Y5 receptor involvement in food intake elicited by orexin A in sated rats","volume":"21","author":"Dube","year":"2000","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-03-01072.1999","article-title":"Synaptic interaction between hypocretin (orexin) and neuropeptide Y cells in the rodent and primate hypothalamus: a novel circuit implicated in metabolic and endocrine regulations","volume":"19","author":"Horvath","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02043-6","article-title":"Orexin-induced food intake involves neuropeptide Y pathway","volume":"859","author":"Yamanaka","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)02941-4","article-title":"Interactions of neuropeptide Y, hypocretin-I (orexin A) and melanin-concentrating hormone on feeding in rats","volume":"944","author":"Sahu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1385\/ENDO:14:2:269","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y in central control of feeding and interactions with orexin and leptin","volume":"14","author":"Niimi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802079","article-title":"Acute and chronic administration of melanin-concentrating hormone enhances food intake and body weight in Wistar and Sprague\u2013Dawley rats","volume":"26","author":"Della-Zuana","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.11.2431","article-title":"Orexin-A preferentially excites glucose-sensitive neurons in the lateral hypothalamus of rats in vitro","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(00)00341-3","article-title":"Effects of leptin and orexin-A on food intake and feeding related hypothalamic neurons","volume":"71","author":"Shiraishi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)02053-5","article-title":"Lowering glucose concentrations increases cytosolic Ca2+ in orexin neurons of the rat lateral hypothalamus","volume":"309","author":"Muroya","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(89)90441-7","article-title":"Ascending projections from the solitary tract nucleus to the hypothalamus: a phaseolus valgaris lectin tracing study in the rat","volume":"31","author":"Horst","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81973-X","article-title":"Narcolepsy in orexin knockout mice: molecular genetics of sleep regulation","volume":"98","author":"Chemelli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00293-8","article-title":"Genetic ablation of orexin neurons in mice results in narcolepsy, hypophagia and obesity","volume":"30","author":"Hara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81965-0","article-title":"The sleep disorder canine narcolepsy is caused by a mutation in the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene","volume":"98","author":"Lin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)05582-8","article-title":"Hypocretin (orexin) deficiency in human narcolepsy","volume":"355","author":"Nishino","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(01)00343-3","article-title":"Orexins and feeding: special occasions or everyday occurrence?","volume":"104","author":"Cai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.11.2132","article-title":"Hypothalamic orexin expression: modulation by blood glucose and feeding","volume":"48","author":"Cai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.1.105","article-title":"Hypoglycemia activates orexin neurons and selectively increases hypothalamic orexin-B levels: responses inhibited by feeding and possibly mediated by the nucleus of the solitary tract","volume":"50","author":"Cai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.1.8561","article-title":"Acute central ghrelin and GH secretagogues induce feeding and activate brain appetite centers","volume":"143","author":"Lawrence","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(00)00146-4","article-title":"Morphological evidence for neural interactions between leptin and orexin in the hypothalamus","volume":"92","author":"Funahashi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.0605","article-title":"Hypothalamic hypocretin\/orexin and neuropeptide Y: divergent interaction with energy depletion and leptin","volume":"258","author":"Beck","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1999.00746.x","article-title":"Seasonal regulation of food intake and body weight in the male Siberian hamster: studies of hypothalamic orexin (hypocretin), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)","volume":"11","author":"Reddy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.2245","article-title":"Leptin regulation of prepro-orexin and orexin receptor mRNA levels in the hypothalamus","volume":"269","author":"Lopez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01824-7","article-title":"Food intake elicited by central administration of orexins\/hypocretins: identification of hypothalamic sites of action","volume":"842","author":"Dube","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R7","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.160R007","article-title":"The effect of the orexins on food intake: comparison with neuropeptide Y, melanin-concentrating hormone and galanin","volume":"160","author":"Edwards","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(99)00105-9","article-title":"Effects of single and chronic intracerebroventricular administration of the orexins on feeding in the rat","volume":"20","author":"Haynes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01905-8","article-title":"Chronic intracerebroventricular administration of orexin-A to rats increases food intake in daytime, but has no effect on body weight","volume":"849","author":"Yamanaka","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.1998","article-title":"Inhibition of food intake by central injection of anti-orexin antibody in fasted rats","volume":"267","author":"Yamada","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816x.2001.01518.x","article-title":"SB-334867, a selective orexin-1 receptor antagonist, enhances behavioural satiety and blocks the hyperphagic effect of orexin-A in rats","volume":"13","author":"Rodgers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(00)00203-2","article-title":"Dose\u2013response effects of orexin-A on food intake and the behavioural satiety sequence in rats","volume":"96","author":"Rodgers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01131-2","article-title":"Effect of lateral cerebroventricular injection of the appetite-stimulating neuropeptide, orexin and neuropeptide Y, on the various behavioral activities of rats","volume":"821","author":"Ida","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2995","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.8.8977","article-title":"Eating elicited by orexin-A, but not melanin-concentrating hormone, is opioid mediated","volume":"143","author":"Clegg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.9750","article-title":"Independent feeding and metabolic actions of orexins in mice","volume":"253","author":"Lubkin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020122600513","article-title":"Orexin-A regulates body temperature in coordination with arousal status","volume":"226","author":"Yoshimichi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)02322-9","article-title":"Energy expenditure by intracerebroventricular administration of orexin to anesthetized rats","volume":"315","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB78","first-page":"523","article-title":"Effects of agouti-related protein, orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone on oxygen consumption in mice","volume":"10","author":"Asakawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(01)00348-2","article-title":"Effects of orexins on energy balance and thermoregulation","volume":"104","author":"Szekely","year":"2002","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB80","first-page":"219","article-title":"Central thermoregulatory effects of neuropeptide Y and orexin A in rats","volume":"86","author":"Balasko","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Hung."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/305321a0","article-title":"Characterization of melanin-concentrating hormone in chum salmon pituitaries","volume":"305","author":"Kawauchi","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)00932-4","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone and its receptor are expressed and functional in human skin","volume":"296","author":"Hoogduijn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1159\/000126857","article-title":"Pro-melanin concentrating hormone messenger ribonucleic acid and peptides expression in peripheral tissues of the rat","volume":"61","author":"Hervieu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(01)00130-9","article-title":"Central and peripheral dysregulation of melanin-concentrating hormone in obese Zucker rats","volume":"92","author":"Stricker-Krongrad","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(98)00045-X","article-title":"Behavioral effects of neuropeptide E-I (NEI) in the female rat: interactions with alpha-MSH, MCH and dopamine","volume":"19","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(96)00327-0","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) antagonizes the effects of alpha-MSH and neuropeptide E-I on grooming and locomotor activities in the rat","volume":"18","author":"Sanchez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-125-4-2056","article-title":"The rat melanin-concentrating hormone messenger ribonucleic acid encodes multiple putative neuropeptides coexpressed in the dorsolateral hypothalamus","volume":"125","author":"Nahon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4518","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.137.10.8828517","article-title":"The rat melanin-concentrating hormone gene encodes an additional putative protein in a different reading frame","volume":"137","author":"Toumaniantz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4367","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816X.2000.01340.x","article-title":"Differential neuronal expression and projections of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and MCH-gene-overprinted-polypeptide (MGOP) in the rat brain","volume":"12","author":"Toumaniantz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903190204","article-title":"The melanin-concentrating hormone system of the rat brain: an immuno- and hybridization histochemical characterization","volume":"319","author":"Bittencourt","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00222284","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone-like immunoreactive material in the rat hypothalamus; characterization and subcellular localization","volume":"253","author":"Naito","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10268","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide projections in the ventral midbrain: colocalization with gamma-aminobutyric acid, melanin-concentrating hormone, dynorphin, and synaptic interactions with dopamine neurons","volume":"448","author":"Dallvechia-Adams","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01977-0","article-title":"Hypothalamic cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) neurons: histochemical relationship to thyrotropin-releasing hormone, melanin-concentrating hormone, orexin\/hypocretin and neuropeptide Y","volume":"848","author":"Broberger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RC5","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-10-j0006.1999","article-title":"Neurochemical characterization of hypothalamic cocaine\u2013amphetamine-regulated transcript neurons","volume":"19","author":"Vrang","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/380243a0","article-title":"A role for melanin-concentrating hormone in the central regulation of feeding behaviour","volume":"380","author":"Qu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(01)00345-7","article-title":"Characterization of orexins (hypocretins) and melanin-concentrating hormone in genetically obese mice","volume":"104","author":"Mondal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00481-5","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone is a potent anorectic peptide regulated by food-deprivation and glucopenia in the rat","volume":"71","author":"Presse","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4179(97)90054-8","article-title":"Changes in rat melanin-concentrating hormone and dynorphin messenger ribonucleic acids induced by food deprivation","volume":"31","author":"Herve","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02066-2","article-title":"Characterization of melanin concentrating hormone and preproorexin expression in the murine hypothalamus","volume":"895","author":"Tritos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.2.5909","article-title":"Evidence suggesting that galanin (GAL), melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), neurotensin (NT), proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) are targets of leptin signaling in the hypothalamus","volume":"139","author":"Sahu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.2.7981","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor is a target of leptin action in the mouse brain","volume":"142","author":"Kokkotou","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00254495","article-title":"Insulin acting as a modulator of feeding through the hypothalamus","volume":"20 Suppl.","author":"Oomura","year":"1981","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200001170-00023","article-title":"Effect of 2-mercaptoacetate and 2-deoxy-d-glucose administration on the expression of NPY, AGRP, POMC, MCH and hypocretin\/orexin in the rat hypothalamus","volume":"11","author":"Sergeyev","year":"2000","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(99)00175-5","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone expression in slice cultures of rat hypothalamus is not affected by 2-deoxyglucose","volume":"267","author":"Bayer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200002280-00021","article-title":"Alteration of the expression of the hypocretin (orexin) gene by 2-deoxyglucose in the rat lateral hypothalamic area","volume":"11","author":"Bayer","year":"2000","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.2081","article-title":"Differential regulation of melanin-concentrating hormone and orexin genes in the agouti-related protein\/melanocortin-4 receptor system","volume":"268","author":"Hanada","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(01)00320-2","article-title":"Orexin\/hypocretin neurons: chemical phenotype and possible interactions with melanin-concentrating hormone neurons","volume":"104","author":"Bayer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816x.2001.01859.x","article-title":"Orexin receptor-1 (OX-R1) immunoreactivity in chemically identified neurons of the hypothalamus: focus on orexin targets involved in control of food and water intake","volume":"15","author":"Backberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.11.1687","article-title":"Functional interactions between melanin-concentrating hormone, neuropeptide Y, and anorectic neuropeptides in the rat hypothalamus","volume":"47","author":"Tritos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-0618(96)00200-1","article-title":"Immunocytochemical detection of the neurokinin B receptor (NK3) on melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons in rat brain","volume":"12","author":"Griffond","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Chem. Neuroanat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(96)01160-X","article-title":"Characterization of a human gene related to genes encoding somatostatin receptors","volume":"398","author":"Kolakowski","year":"1996","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.2002.6771","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor subtypes 1 and 2: species-specific gene expression","volume":"79","author":"Tan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1191","article-title":"Expression of the melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) receptor mRNA in the rat brain","volume":"435","author":"Saito","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(02)01314-6","article-title":"T-226296: a novel, orally active and selective melanin-concentrating hormone receptor antagonist","volume":"438","author":"Takekawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0902-1039b","article-title":"Antidepressant, anxiolytic and anorectic effects of a melanin-concentrating hormone-1 receptor antagonist","volume":"8","author":"Borowsky","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3240","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052706899","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone 1 receptor-deficient mice are lean, hyperactive, and hyperphagic and have altered metabolism","volume":"99","author":"Marsh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.7.8903","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the melanin-concentrating hormone receptor-1 results in hyperphagia and resistance to diet-induced obesity","volume":"143","author":"Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB118","first-page":"632","article-title":"Cloning and molecular characterization of the novel human melanin-concentrating hormone receptor MCH2","volume":"60","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7564","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.121170598","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a second melanin-concentrating hormone receptor, MCH-2R","volume":"98","author":"Sailer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.1.4887","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone acutely stimulates feeding, but chronic administration has no effect on body weight","volume":"138","author":"Rossi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB121","first-page":"E583","article-title":"Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of MCH causes obesity in mice","author":"Gomori","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1038\/25341","article-title":"Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone are hypophagic and lean","volume":"396","author":"Shimada","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10660","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone overexpression in transgenic mice leads to obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"107","author":"Ludwig","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(02)00030-X","article-title":"Diet-induced changes in hypothalamic pro-opio-melanocortin mRNA in the rat hypothalamus","volume":"23","author":"Torri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)02493-9","article-title":"Characterization of diet-induced obese rats that develop persistent obesity after 6 months of high-fat followed by 1 month of low-fat diet","volume":"936","author":"Gao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3265","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.7.8374","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) suppresses thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) release, in vivo and in vitro, via the hypothalamus and the pituitary","volume":"142","author":"Kennedy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5335.135","article-title":"Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein","volume":"278","author":"Ollmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.0675","article-title":"Changes in hypothalamic agouti-related protein (AGRP), but not alpha-MSH or pro-opiomelanocortin concentrations in dietary-obese and food-restricted rats","volume":"258","author":"Harrold","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R47","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2000.279.1.R47","article-title":"Long-term orexigenic effects of AgRP-(83\u2013132) involve mechanisms other than melanocortin receptor blockade","volume":"279","author":"Hagan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1773","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00019.2002","article-title":"Neurochemical phenotype of hypothalamic neurons showing Fos expression 23 h after intracranial AgRP","volume":"282","author":"Zheng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1097\/00075197-200207000-00007","article-title":"Ghrelin: a novel peptide for growth hormone release and feeding regulation","volume":"5","author":"Yoshihara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1038\/35038090","article-title":"Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents","volume":"407","author":"Tschop","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/35051587","article-title":"A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding","volume":"409","author":"Nakazato","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2540","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.11.2540","article-title":"Ghrelin causes hyperphagia and obesity in rats","volume":"50","author":"Wren","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.54.101601.152403","article-title":"Genetics and pathophysiology of human obesity","volume":"54","author":"Cummings","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.11.2438","article-title":"Chronic central infusion of ghrelin increases hypothalamic neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein mRNA levels and body weight in rats","volume":"50","author":"Kamegai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB137","first-page":"1047","article-title":"System administration of ghrelin induces Fos and Erg-1 proteins in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of fasted and fed rats","volume":"12","author":"Hewson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4163","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.10.8490","article-title":"Minireview: ghrelin and the regulation of energy balance\u2014a hypothalamic perspective","volume":"142","author":"Horvath","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08387-3","article-title":"Ghrelin gets hungry","volume":"359","author":"Pinkney","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.8.1714","article-title":"A preprandial rise in plasma ghrelin levels suggests a role in meal initiation in humans","volume":"50","author":"Cummings","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4753","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.10.7885","article-title":"Stomach is a major source of circulating ghrelin, and feeding state determines plasma ghrelin-like immunoreactivity levels in humans","volume":"86","author":"Ariyasu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.1.8129","article-title":"Plasma ghrelin levels in lean and obese humans and the effect of glucose on ghrelin secretion","volume":"87","author":"Shiiya","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2984","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.6.8738","article-title":"Food fails to suppress ghrelin levels in obese humans","volume":"87","author":"English","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2002.106","article-title":"Role of ghrelin polymorphisms in obesity based on three different studies","volume":"10","author":"Ukkola","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obes. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5461","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020871","article-title":"High circulating ghrelin: a potential cause for hyperphagia and obesity in Prader\u2013Willi syndrome","volume":"87","author":"Del Parigi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(93)90012-H","article-title":"Anatomy and physiology of galanin-containing pathways","volume":"40","author":"Merchenthaler","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(90)90023-X","article-title":"Stimulation of feeding by galanin; anatomical localization and behavioral specificity of this peptide's effects in the brain","volume":"11","author":"Kyrkoulin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(94)90152-X","article-title":"Chronic cerebroventricular galanin does not induce sustained hyperphagia or obesity","volume":"14","author":"Smith","year":"1994","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1159\/000125626","article-title":"Altered expression of hypothalamic neuropeptide mRNAs in food-restricted and food-deprived rats","volume":"52","author":"Brady","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.1991.tb00232.x","article-title":"Preproneuropeptide Y messenger ribonucleic acid in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of the rat is increased by food deprivation or dehydration","volume":"3","author":"O'Shea","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)90019-J","article-title":"Galanin in the hypothalamus of fed and fasted lean and obese Zucker rats","volume":"623","author":"Beck","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(96)00174-X","article-title":"Regulation of galanin gene expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of the obese Zucker rat by manipulation of dietary macronutrients","volume":"43","author":"Mercer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Mol. Brain. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1159\/000054573","article-title":"Galanin-like peptide (GALP) mRNA expression is restricted to arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus in adult male rat brain","volume":"72","author":"Larm","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.4.8089","article-title":"Distribution of galanin-like peptide in the rat brain","volume":"142","author":"Takatsu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5140","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.7.7669","article-title":"Galanin-like peptide (GALP) is a target for regulation by leptin in the hypothalamus of the rat","volume":"141","author":"Jureus","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)02515-0","article-title":"Galanin-like peptide stimulates food intake in the rat","volume":"322","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(94)90131-7","article-title":"Endogenous opiates","volume":"15","author":"Olson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)03291-2","article-title":"Diet-induced obesity increases \u03bc opioid receptor binding in specific regions of the rat brain","volume":"953","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005_BIB159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R814","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.280.3.R814","article-title":"Opioid receptor involvement in the effect of AgRP-(82\u2013132) on food intake and food selection","volume":"280","author":"Hagan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."}],"container-title":["Physiology &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938404000447?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938404000447?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T10:20:46Z","timestamp":1549880446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031938404000447"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"references-count":159,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031938404000447"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9384"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9384","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]}}}