{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T13:48:48Z","timestamp":1744206528446},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,1]],"date-time":"2004-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1096588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physiology &amp; Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,14]],"date-time":"2004-09-14T14:27:23Z","timestamp":1095172043000},"page":"835-839","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Reduced violent behavior following biochemical therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"William J.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura B.","family":"Glab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary L.","family":"Haakenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib1","series-title":"Understanding and preventing violence","volume":"vol. 2","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib2","series-title":"Crime and human nature","author":"Wilson","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.181.1.22","article-title":"Influence of supplementary vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids on the antisocial behaviour of young adult prisoners: randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"181","author":"Gesch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib4","series-title":"The causes of crime. New biological approaches","first-page":"92","article-title":"Genetic and environmental factors in antisocial behavior disorders","author":"Cloninger","year":"1987"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib5","first-page":"616","article-title":"High-dose vitamin therapy stimulates variant enzymes with decreased coenzyme binding affinity (increased Km): relevance to genetic disease and polymorphisms","volume":"75","author":"Ames","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib6","series-title":"Oxidases and related redox systems","first-page":"227","article-title":"Role of copper and catalytic mechanism in the copper monooxygenase, dopamine beta-hydrogenase (DBH)","author":"Klinman","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib7","first-page":"153","article-title":"Biochemistry of zinc","volume":"vol. 11","author":"Prasad","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib8","series-title":"Vitamin B-6","first-page":"128","article-title":"Neurobiology of pyridoxine","author":"Dakshinamurti","year":"2000"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(89)90062-1","article-title":"Depression and tetrahydrobiopterin: the folate connection","volume":"16","author":"Coppen","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1997.tb06468.x","article-title":"Nutrition and depression: the role of folate","volume":"55","author":"Alpert","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib11","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV","year":"1998"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(97)88988-3","article-title":"Elevated blood copper\/zinc ratios in assaultive young males","volume":"62","author":"Walsh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib13","series-title":"Mental & elemental nutrients","first-page":"396","author":"Pfeiffer","year":"1975"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib14","first-page":"1","article-title":"The biochemical immunology window; a molecular view of psychiatric case management","volume":"44","author":"Jaffe","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Appl. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib15","series-title":"Nutrition and mental illness","first-page":"93","author":"Pfeiffer","year":"1987"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib16","first-page":"107","article-title":"Pyroluria, zinc and B-6 deficiencies","volume":"8","author":"Pfeiffer","year":"1988","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib17","first-page":"77","article-title":"Biochemistry of zinc","volume":"vol. 11","author":"Prasad","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib18","first-page":"182","article-title":"Biochemistry of copper","volume":"vol. 10","author":"Linder","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib19","series-title":"Zinc: clinical and biochemical significance","author":"Cunnane","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib20","series-title":"Vitamin B-6. Annals of the New York Acad. of Sci.","first-page":"189","article-title":"Hippocampal zinc thionein and pyridoxal phosphate modulated synaptic function","author":"Ebaldi","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8509","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00423a001","article-title":"Biochemistry of metallothionein","volume":"27","author":"Kagi","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-366851-6.50012-0","article-title":"A study of zinc deficiency and copper excess in the schizophrenias","volume":"72","author":"Pfeiffer","year":"1972","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib23","first-page":"939","article-title":"Effect of zinc deficiency on brain catecholamine concentration","volume":"40","author":"Walwork","year":"1981","journal-title":"Fed. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib24","first-page":"471","article-title":"S-adenosylmethionine and methylation","volume":"10","author":"Chiang","year":"1996","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib25","article-title":"Methylation syndromes in mental illness","author":"Walsh","year":"1997"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb01303.x","article-title":"Serum and red blood cell folate in depression","volume":"80","author":"Abou-Saleh","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib27","series-title":"Folic acid in neurology, psychiatry, and internal medicine","first-page":"483","article-title":"Folic acid and vitamin B-12 therapy for the low histamine, high copper biotype of schizophrenia","author":"Pfeiffer","year":"1979"},{"issue":"81","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1038\/224811a0","article-title":"Identification of kryptopyrrole in human urine and its relation to psychosis","volume":"224","author":"Irvine","year":"1969","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib29","first-page":"215","article-title":"Zinc and manganese in the schizophrenias","volume":"12","author":"Pfeiffer","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Orthomol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib30","series-title":"Casarett and Doull's toxicology","first-page":"582","article-title":"Toxic effects of metals","author":"Goyer","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib31","unstructured":"Neurotoxicity: identifying and controlling poisons of the central nervous system. U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, OTA-BA-436; 1990."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199001113220203","article-title":"The long-term effects of exposure to low doses of lead in childhood","volume":"322","author":"Needleman","year":"1990","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.1999.4045","article-title":"How lead exposure relates to temporal changes in IQ, violent crime, and unwed pregnancies","volume":"83","author":"Nevin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.79.5.643","article-title":"The persistent threat of lead: a singular opportunity","volume":"79","author":"Needleman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1989.tb00265.x","article-title":"Blood lead and children's behavior\u2014results from the Edinburgh lead study","volume":"30","author":"Thomson","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Child Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1986.tb07684.x","article-title":"Reactive hypoglycemia tendency among habitually violent offenders","volume":"44","author":"Virkkunen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.1997.tb01578.x","article-title":"The role of diet and behavior in childhood","volume":"33","author":"Breakey","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Paediatr. Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib38","series-title":"Applying psychology to imprisonment: theory and practice","first-page":"3","article-title":"Biological theory","author":"Venables","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1986.tb07683.x","article-title":"Diet, crime and delinquency: a critique","volume":"44","author":"Gray","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1080\/13590849762493","article-title":"The health of criminals related to behavior, food, allergy and nutrition","volume":"7","author":"Bennett","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.144.11.1487","article-title":"Effects of sugar and aspartame on aggression and activity in children","volume":"144","author":"Kruesi","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.54.5.714","article-title":"Effects of sugar ingestion on the classroom and playgroup behavior of attention deficit disordered boys","volume":"54","author":"Milich","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib43","series-title":"Understanding and preventing violence","first-page":"515","article-title":"Nutrition and violent behavior","volume":"vol. 2","author":"Kanarek","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib44","first-page":"464S","article-title":"Zinc deficiency and child development","volume":"68","author":"Black","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2000.6.7","article-title":"The effect of vitamin\u2013mineral supplementation on juvenile delinquency among American schoolchildren","volume":"6","author":"Schoenthaller","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Altern. Complement. Med."},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(95)02207-4","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids in boys with behavior, learning, and health problems","volume":"59","author":"Stevens","year":"1996","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1159\/000119220","article-title":"Vitamin supplementation for one year improves mood","volume":"32","author":"Benton","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1986.tb07677.x","article-title":"Approaches to assessing the dietary component of the diet behavior connection","volume":"44","author":"Anderson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000117987","article-title":"Serum cholesterol levels in homicidal offenders","volume":"10","author":"Virkkunen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib50","first-page":"435","article-title":"Serum cholesterol in aggressive conduct disorder: a preliminary study","volume":"19","author":"Virkkunen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023_bib51","first-page":"101","article-title":"Assessing behavioral and cognitive effects of diet in pediatric populations","volume":"vol. 6.","author":"Rumsey","year":"1983"}],"container-title":["Physiology &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938404003105?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938404003105?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,16]],"date-time":"2017-06-16T06:09:42Z","timestamp":1497593382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031938404003105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031938404003105"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.06.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9384"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9384","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]}}}