{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T10:49:38Z","timestamp":1761821378707,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"NIMH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH081927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH081927"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiology & Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T04:04:09Z","timestamp":1471925049000},"page":"339-349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A2 noradrenergic neurons regulate forced swim test immobility"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Hyungwoo","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilan A.","family":"Kerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07455","article-title":"The molecular neurobiology of depression","volume":"455","author":"Krishnan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2647","article-title":"Animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"13","author":"Nestler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(02)02017-5","article-title":"Assessing antidepressant activity in rodents: recent developments and future needs","volume":"23","author":"Cryan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-458-2_7","article-title":"Modeling depression in animal models","volume":"829","author":"Overstreet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(95)00018-6","article-title":"Comparison of the behavioural and endocrine response to forced swimming stress in five inbred strains of rats","volume":"20","author":"Armario","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2005.06.009","article-title":"Aging effects on elevated plus maze behavior in spontaneously hypertensive, Wistar-Kyoto and Sprague-Dawley male and female rats","volume":"85","author":"Ferguson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00364-0","article-title":"Stress reactivity of the brain noradrenergic system in three rat strains differing in their neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stress: implications for susceptibility to stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"115","author":"Pardon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(96)01368-6","article-title":"Brain corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity and receptors in five inbred rat strains: relationship to forced swimming behaviour","volume":"750","author":"Lahmame","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(95)02104-3","article-title":"Forced swimming behavior is not related to the corticosterone levels achieved in the test: a study with four inbred rat strains","volume":"59","author":"Marti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(94)91045-6","article-title":"Effect of repeated novel stressors on depressive behavior and brain norepinephrine receptor system in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats","volume":"649","author":"Tejani-Butt","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2005.08.007","article-title":"Role of brain norepinephrine in the behavioral response to stress","volume":"29","author":"Morilak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02246177","article-title":"Differential responsiveness of inbred strains of rats to antidepressants in the forced swimming test: are Wistar Kyoto rats an animal model of subsensitivity to antidepressants?","volume":"123","author":"Lahmame","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(99)00100-1","article-title":"Strain differences in the behavioral effects of antidepressant drugs in the rat forced swimming test","volume":"22","author":"Lopez-Rubalcava","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02698502","article-title":"Learning behavior, escape behavior, and depression in an ulcer susceptible rat strain","volume":"27","author":"Pare","year":"1992","journal-title":"Integr. Physiol. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(02)00308-1","article-title":"Strain-dependent modification of behavior following antidepressant treatment","volume":"27","author":"Tejani-Butt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(98)00298-4","article-title":"Behavioral effects of acute and chronic fluoxetine in Wistar-Kyoto rats","volume":"67","author":"Griebel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(97)01276-4","article-title":"Are Wistar-Kyoto rats a genetic animal model of depression resistant to antidepressants?","volume":"337","author":"Lahmame","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(99)00255-7","article-title":"Effects of acute restraint stress on tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression in locus coeruleus of Wistar and Wistar-Kyoto rats","volume":"75","author":"Sands","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301100","article-title":"Identifying genes in monoamine nuclei that may determine stress vulnerability and depressive behavior in Wistar-Kyoto rats","volume":"31","author":"Pearson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-012-1294-y","article-title":"Hypothesis with abnormal amino acid metabolism in depression and stress vulnerability in Wistar Kyoto rats","volume":"43","author":"Nagasawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.08.003","article-title":"Central monoamine levels differ between rat strains used in studies of depressive behavior","volume":"1355","author":"Scholl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(03)02355-2","article-title":"Chronic cold stress sensitizes brain noradrenergic reactivity and noradrenergic facilitation of the HPA stress response in Wistar Kyoto rats","volume":"971","author":"Pardon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(97)00415-X","article-title":"Noradrenaline in basic models of depression","volume":"7","author":"Leonard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52363.x","article-title":"Pathophysiology of the locus coeruleus in suicide","volume":"836","author":"Ordway","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00127-4","article-title":"Role of norepinephrine in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders","volume":"46","author":"Ressler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0130","series-title":"The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide","article-title":"Noradrenergic dysfunction in depression and suicide","author":"Chandley","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00653-0","article-title":"Neurobiology of depression","volume":"34","author":"Nestler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001949","article-title":"Mood is indirectly related to serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine levels in humans: a meta-analysis of monoamine depletion studies","volume":"12","author":"Ruhe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(95)00107-7","article-title":"Fewer pigmented locus coeruleus neurons in suicide victims: preliminary results","volume":"39","author":"Arango","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8451","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-21-08451.1997","article-title":"Reduced levels of norepinephrine transporters in the locus coeruleus in major depression","volume":"17","author":"Klimek","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1994.63020617.x","article-title":"Agonist binding to alpha 2-adrenoceptors is elevated in the locus coeruleus from victims of suicide","volume":"63","author":"Ordway","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00135-3","article-title":"Elevated levels of tyrosine hydroxylase in the locus coeruleus in major depression","volume":"46","author":"Zhu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.44","article-title":"Altered expression of glutamate signaling, growth factor, and glia genes in the locus coeruleus of patients with major depression","volume":"16","author":"Bernard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20642","article-title":"Current perspectives of the roles of the central norepinephrine system in anxiety and depression","volume":"27","author":"Goddard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0175","first-page":"69","article-title":"Catecholamines and stress","volume":"37","author":"Goldstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocr. Regul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00164-X","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing factor, norepinephrine, and stress","volume":"46","author":"Koob","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00042.2006","article-title":"Catecholaminergic systems in stress: structural and molecular genetic approaches","volume":"89","author":"Kvetnansky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1006\/frne.1995.1004","article-title":"Stress-induced norepinephrine release in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and pituitary-adrenocortical and sympathoadrenal activity: in vivo microdialysis studies","volume":"16","author":"Pacak","year":"1995","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(95)02010-1","article-title":"Central noradrenergic neurones and stress","volume":"68","author":"Stanford","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(02)00292-7","article-title":"Modulatory effects of norepinephrine, acting on alpha 1 receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala, on behavioral and neuroendocrine responses to acute immobilization stress","volume":"43","author":"Cecchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2003.12.028","article-title":"Induction of FOS expression by acute immobilization stress is reduced in locus coeruleus and medial amygdala of Wistar-Kyoto rats compared to Sprague-Dawley rats","volume":"124","author":"Ma","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2014.163","article-title":"The organization of the stress system and its dysregulation in depressive illness","volume":"20","author":"Gold","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.03.008","article-title":"Assessing substrates underlying the behavioral effects of antidepressants using the modified rat forced swimming test","volume":"29","author":"Cryan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(78)90118-8","article-title":"Behavioural despair in rats: a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments","volume":"47","author":"Porsolt","year":"1978","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145709000017","article-title":"Synergistic neurochemical and behavioural effects of acute intrahippocampal injection of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and antidepressants in adult mice","volume":"12","author":"Deltheil","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10827","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402141101","article-title":"Essential role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adult hippocampal function","volume":"101","author":"Monteggia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2014.00109","article-title":"Learned helplessness and social avoidance in the Wistar-Kyoto rat","volume":"8","author":"Nam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(98)00023-0","article-title":"c-Fos as a transcription factor: a stressful (re)view from a functional map","volume":"33","author":"Kovacs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2006.12.009","article-title":"Differential effects of exposure to low-light or high-light open-field on anxiety-related behaviors: relationship to c-Fos expression in serotonergic and non-serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus","volume":"72","author":"Bouwknecht","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10084","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-31-10084.2003","article-title":"Hindbrain noradrenergic lesions attenuate anorexia and alter central cFos expression in rats after gastric viscerosensory stimulation","volume":"23","author":"Rinaman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4881","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.232314","article-title":"Nucleus of the solitary tract catecholaminergic neurons modulate the cardiovascular response to psychological stress in rats","volume":"590","author":"Daubert","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0260","first-page":"R1063","article-title":"Lesions of the C1 catecholaminergic neurons of the ventrolateral medulla in rats using anti-DbetaH-saporin","volume":"277","author":"Madden","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1038\/266730a0","article-title":"Depression: a new animal model sensitive to antidepressant treatments","volume":"266","author":"Porsolt","year":"1977","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.08.035","article-title":"Altered brain activation pattern associated with drug-induced attenuation of enhanced depression-like behavior in rats bred for high anxiety","volume":"61","author":"Muigg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3949","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23138","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 2 regulates adequate nigrostriatal pathway formation in mice","volume":"520","author":"Baron","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21148","article-title":"Sex and species differences in tyrosine hydroxylase-synthesizing cells of the rodent olfactory extended amygdala","volume":"500","author":"Northcutt","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21650","article-title":"Sall3 is required for the terminal maturation of olfactory glomerular interneurons","volume":"507","author":"Harrison","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21687","article-title":"Activation of phenotypically distinct neuronal subpopulations in the anterior subdivision of the rat basolateral amygdala following acute and repeated stress","volume":"508","author":"Reznikov","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"year":"2007","series-title":"The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates","author":"Paxinos","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0295"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.02.030179.000553","article-title":"Central catecholamine neuron systems: anatomy and physiology of the norepinephrine and epinephrine systems","volume":"2","author":"Moore","year":"1979","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.03.046","article-title":"Differential effects of social defeat in rats with high and low locomotor response to novelty","volume":"183","author":"Calvo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.183","article-title":"Antidepressant-like effects of kappa-opioid receptor antagonists in Wistar Kyoto rats","volume":"35","author":"Carr","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3251","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-08-03251.2002","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor produces antidepressant effects in behavioral models of depression","volume":"22","author":"Shirayama","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037587","article-title":"A2 noradrenergic lesions prevent renal sympathoinhibition induced by hypernatremia in rats","volume":"7","author":"Pedrino","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.02.013","article-title":"A neurotrophic model for stress-related mood disorders","volume":"59","author":"Duman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1825","article-title":"The ascent of mouse: advances in modelling human depression and anxiety","volume":"4","author":"Cryan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816x.2001.01733.x","article-title":"Stressor categorization: acute physical and psychological stressors elicit distinctive recruitment patterns in the amygdala and in medullary noradrenergic cell groups","volume":"14","author":"Dayas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(03)00047-2","article-title":"Voluntary freewheel running selectively modulates catecholamine content in peripheral tissue and c-Fos expression in the central sympathetic circuit following exposure to uncontrollable stress in rats","volume":"120","author":"Greenwood","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44691.x","article-title":"Neuronal organization of stress response. Pain-induced c-fos expression in brain stem catecholaminergic cell groups","volume":"771","author":"Palkovits","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)91472-5","article-title":"Activation of brainstem catecholaminergic neurons by conditioned and unconditioned aversive stimuli as revealed by c-Fos immunoreactivity","volume":"608","author":"Pezzone","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(93)90225-Z","article-title":"Stress-induced c-fos expression in the rat brain: activation mechanism of sympathetic pathway","volume":"31","author":"Senba","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10643","article-title":"Anatomical substrates for the central control of sympathetic outflow to interscapular adipose tissue during cold exposure","volume":"460","author":"Cano","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.1998.00249.x","article-title":"Stress-induced changes of gene expression in the paraventricular nucleus are enhanced in spontaneously hypertensive rats","volume":"10","author":"Imaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2005.04.008","article-title":"Effect of number of tailshocks on learned helplessness and activation of serotonergic and noradrenergic neurons in the rat","volume":"162","author":"Takase","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2011.02.002","article-title":"The role of the central noradrenergic system in behavioral inhibition","volume":"67","author":"Stone","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(86)90232-7","article-title":"Reversal of behavioral depression by infusion of an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist into the locus coeruleus","volume":"25","author":"Simson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(86)90231-5","article-title":"Infusion of adrenergic receptor agonists and antagonists into the locus coeruleus and ventricular system of the brain. Effects on swim-motivated and spontaneous motor activity","volume":"25","author":"Weiss","year":"1986","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1038\/258424a0","article-title":"Effect of minor tranquilizers on hippocampal theta rhythm mimicked by depletion of forebrain noradrenaline","volume":"258","author":"Gray","year":"1975","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1495","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00393.2007","article-title":"Experimental dissociation of neural circuits underlying conditioned avoidance and hypophagic responses to lithium chloride","volume":"293","author":"Rinaman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(02)00426-3","article-title":"Epidemiology of women and depression","volume":"74","author":"Kessler","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.1359","article-title":"Twelve-month and lifetime prevalence and lifetime morbid risk of anxiety and mood disorders in the United States","volume":"21","author":"Kessler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Methods Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0425","first-page":"177","article-title":"Sex differences in the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system and its regulation by stress","volume":"2016","author":"Bangasser","year":"1641","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199006167-00002","article-title":"Genealogy of the spontaneously hypertensive rat and Wistar-Kyoto rat strains: implications for studies of inherited hypertension","volume":"16","author":"Louis","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001345","article-title":"Selectively bred Wistar-Kyoto rats: an animal model of depression and hyper-responsiveness to antidepressants","volume":"8","author":"Will","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(01)00052-X","article-title":"Amplified behavioral and endocrine responses to forced swim stress in the Wistar-Kyoto rat","volume":"27","author":"Rittenhouse","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R786","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.281.3.R786","article-title":"Altered hormone levels and circadian rhythm of activity in the WKY rat, a putative animal model of depression","volume":"281","author":"Solberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol."}],"container-title":["Physiology & Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938416306953?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938416306953?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T13:54:46Z","timestamp":1572616486000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031938416306953"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"references-count":86,"alternative-id":["S0031938416306953"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9384"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0031-9384"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A2 noradrenergic neurons regulate forced swim test immobility","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physiology & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}