{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T22:16:52Z","timestamp":1782685012649,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiology &amp; Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T21:47:34Z","timestamp":1559771254000},"page":"112571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Vinpocetine mitigates aluminum-induced cognitive impairment in socially isolated rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Azza A.","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hebatalla I.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahar A.","family":"Khaleel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karema","family":"Abu-Elfotuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.01.040","article-title":"Novel dual GLP-1\/GIP receptor agonists show neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease models","author":"H\u00f6lscher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(84)80190-4","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease: initial report of the purification and characterization of a novel cerebrovascular amyloid protein","volume":"120","author":"Glenner","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4913","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.13.4913","article-title":"Abnormal phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau (tau) in Alzheimer cytoskeletal pathology","volume":"83","author":"Grundke-Iqbal","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2014.02.004","article-title":"Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, What is normal in normal aging? Effects of aging, amyloid and Alzheimer's disease on the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus","volume":"117","author":"Fjell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65184-X","article-title":"Soluble amyloid beta peptide concentration as a predictor of synaptic change in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"155","author":"Lue","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-121909","article-title":"Aluminum involvement in the progression of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"35","author":"Walton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20612","article-title":"Oxidative stress status and RNA expression in hippocampus of an animal model of Alzheimer's disease after chronic exposure to aluminum","volume":"20","author":"Garcia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hippocampus."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-100486","article-title":"Evidence for participation of aluminum in neurofibrillary tangle formation and growth in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"22","author":"Walton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.02.092","article-title":"Aluminum chloride induces neuroinflammation, loss of neuronal dendritic spine and cognition impairment in developing rat","volume":"151","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2016.1144846","article-title":"Hesperidin ameliorates cognitive dysfunction, oxidative stress and apoptosis against aluminium chloride induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"20","author":"Justin Thenmozhi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.05.022","article-title":"Hypericum perforatum extract attenuates behavioral, biochemical, and neurochemical abnormalities in aluminum chloride-induced Alzheimer's disease rats","volume":"91","author":"Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00065-4","article-title":"From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium","volume":"51","author":"Berkman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.2657","article-title":"Association of Higher Cortical Amyloid Burden with Loneliness in cognitively Normal older adults","volume":"73","author":"Donovan","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-014-1377-9","article-title":"One is the deadliest number: the detrimental effects of social isolation on cerebrovascular diseases and cognition","volume":"129","author":"Friedler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.2.234","article-title":"Loneliness and risk of Alzheimer disease","volume":"64","author":"Wilson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12790","article-title":"Enriched physical environment reverses spatial cognitive impairment of socially isolated APPswe\/PS1dE9 transgenic mice before amyloidosis onset","volume":"24","author":"Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2015.07.002","article-title":"The effects of acute social isolation on long-term social recognition memory","volume":"124","author":"Leser","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4172\/2168-975X.1000230","article-title":"Study on social isolation as a risk factor in development of Alzheimer's disease in rats","volume":"06","author":"Ali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Disord. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pyu116","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyu116","article-title":"Isolation housing exacerbates Alzheimer's disease-like pathophysiology in aged APP\/PS1 mice","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16574","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1310655110","article-title":"Social stress up-regulates inflammatory gene expression in the leukocyte transcriptome via -adrenergic induction of myelopoiesis","volume":"110","author":"Powell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-009-0286-x","article-title":"Chronic social isolation is related to both upregulation of plasticity genes and initiation of proapoptotic signaling in Wistar rat hippocampus","volume":"116","author":"Djordjevic","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2017.00018","article-title":"Interaction effect of social isolation and high dose corticosteroid on neurogenesis and emotional behavior","volume":"11","author":"Chan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-014-0074-5","article-title":"Parallels between major depressive disorder and Alzheimer's disease: role of oxidative stress and genetic vulnerability","volume":"34","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyy016","article-title":"Cognitive impairment and structural abnormalities in late life depression with olfactory identification impairment: an Alzheimer's disease-like pattern","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.11.028","article-title":"Loneliness, health, and mortality in old age: a national longitudinal study","volume":"74","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200011000-00001","article-title":"Loneliness in later life","volume":"8","author":"Cohen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0135","first-page":"CD003119","author":"Szatm\u00e1ri","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.08.027","article-title":"Amelioration of intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress by vinpocetine \u2014 a PDE1 inhibitor","volume":"620","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1556\/oh.2007.28115","article-title":"The role of vinpocetine in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases based in human studies","volume":"148","author":"Bagoly","year":"2007","journal-title":"Orv. Hetil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(11)70574-6","article-title":"Role of vinpocetine in cerebrovascular diseases","volume":"63","author":"Patyar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Reports."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0155","first-page":"301","article-title":"Investigation of the effect of vinpocetine on cerebral blood flow and cognitive functions","volume":"60","author":"Valikovics","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ideggyogy. Sz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4812","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2007.06001.x","article-title":"Characterization of inhibitors of phosphodiesterase1C on a human cellular system","volume":"274","author":"Dunkern","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2005.02.001","article-title":"Vinpocetine blockade of sodium channels inhibits the rise in sodium and calcium induced by 4-aminopyridine in synaptosomes","volume":"46","author":"Sitges","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12082","article-title":"Vinpocetine and \u03b1-tocopherol prevent the increase in DA and oxidative stress induced by 3-NPA in striatum isolated nerve endings","volume":"124","author":"Herrera-Mundo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2006.10.027","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of different antioxidants on hyaluronan depolymerization","volume":"342","author":"Mendoza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9795","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0914414107","article-title":"Vinpocetine inhibits NF- B-dependent inflammation via an IKK-dependent but PDE-independent mechanism","volume":"107","author":"Jeon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2014.07.003","article-title":"Vinpocetine inhibits amyloid-beta induced activation of NF-\u03baB, NLRP3 inflammasome and cytokine production in retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"127","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-017-0549-z","article-title":"Vinpocetine inhibits NF-\u03baB-dependent inflammation in acute ischemic stroke patients","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Stroke Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760000301041","article-title":"Vinpocetine attenuates the metabolic dysfunction induced by amyloid beta-peptides in PC12 cells","volume":"33","author":"Pereira","year":"2000","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-017-0459-3","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for vascular cognitive impairment","volume":"31","author":"Farooq","year":"2017","journal-title":"CNS Drugs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0205","article-title":"The potential effect of caffeine and nicotine co-administration against aluminum-induced Alzheimer's disease in rats","volume":"6","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer's Dis. Park."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.12.008","article-title":"Vinpocetine attenuates MPTP-induced motor deficit and biochemical abnormalities in Wistar rats","volume":"286","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(84)90007-4","article-title":"Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat","volume":"11","author":"Morris","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(02)02017-5","article-title":"Assessing antidepressant activity in rodents: recent developments and future needs","volume":"23","author":"Cryan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0225","first-page":"327","article-title":"Behavioral despair in mice: a primary screening test for antidepressants","volume":"229","author":"Porsolt","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Teruya, D.J. Fagundes, C.T.F. Oshima, J.L. Brasileiro, G. Marks, C.M. Ynouye, M.J. Sim\u00f5es, The effects of pentoxifylline into the kidneys of rats in a model of unilateral hindlimb ischemia\/reperfusion injury., Acta Cir. Bras. 23 (n.d.) 29\u201335. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18278390 (accessed May 6, 2019).","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-86502008000100006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0235","series-title":"Book Reviews :Theory and practice of histological techniques","first-page":"243","volume":"183","author":"Levison","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(\u2212Delta Delta C(T)) method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2013.05.012","article-title":"Factors influencing behavior in the forced swim test","volume":"118","author":"Bogdanova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.2174\/1874467209666160822102153","article-title":"Synergistic effects of social isolation and morphine addiction on reduced neurogenesis and BDNF levels and the resultant deficits in cognition and emotional state in male rats","volume":"9","author":"Famitafreshi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2017.00018","article-title":"Interaction effect of social isolation and high dose corticosteroid on neurogenesis and emotional behavior","volume":"11","author":"Chan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2017.02.010","article-title":"Ascorbic acid ameliorates behavioural deficits and neuropathological alterations in rat model of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"50","author":"Olajide","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.12.016","article-title":"The recombinant amyloid-beta peptide Abeta1-42 aggregates faster and is more neurotoxic than synthetic Abeta1-42","volume":"396","author":"Finder","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00343","article-title":"Neurodegeneration and microtubule dynamics: death by a thousand cuts","volume":"9","author":"Dubey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.12.1571","article-title":"Correlation between elevated levels of amyloid \u03b2-peptide in the brain and cognitive decline","volume":"283","author":"N\u00e4slund","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2766","DOI":"10.2174\/138161210793176572","article-title":"Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"16","author":"Agostinho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.01.001","article-title":"Oxidative imbalance in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"27","author":"Guidi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00787","article-title":"Visceral fat dysfunctions in the rat social isolation model of psychosis","volume":"8","author":"Schiavone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000536","article-title":"Mitochondrial oxidative stress causes hyperphosphorylation of tau","volume":"2","author":"Melov","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.08.027","article-title":"Amelioration of intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress by vinpocetine \u2014 a PDE1 inhibitor","volume":"620","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.2174\/1567202612666150603130235","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of Agomelatine and Vinpocetine against chronic cerebral Hypoperfusion induced vascular dementia","volume":"12","author":"Gupta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Neurovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-141233","article-title":"Differential regulation of resolution in inflammation induced by amyloid-\u03b242 and lipopolysaccharides in human microglia","volume":"43","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R273","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00368.2005","article-title":"Social isolation and the inflammatory response: sex differences in the enduring effects of a prior stressor","volume":"290","author":"Hermes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.04.009","article-title":"Early enriched physical environment reverses impairments of the hippocampus, but not medial prefrontal cortex, of socially-isolated mice","volume":"64","author":"Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.05.007","article-title":"Vinpocetine reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory pain and neutrophil recruitment in mice by targeting oxidative stress, cytokines and NF-\u03baB","volume":"237","author":"Ruiz-Miyazawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118942","article-title":"Vinpocetine reduces carrageenan-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress, cytokine production and NF-\u03baB activation in the paw and spinal cord","volume":"10","author":"Ruiz-Miyazawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280502","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/280502","article-title":"Glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors in the next horizon for Alzheimer's disease treatment","volume":"2011","author":"Martinez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25326","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.40.25326","article-title":"Lithium reduces tau phosphorylation by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3","volume":"272","author":"Hong","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.02.001","article-title":"Synthesis and evaluation of novel GSK-3\u03b2 inhibitors as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease","volume":"167","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05243.x","article-title":"GSK3alpha exhibits beta-catenin and tau directed kinase activities that are modulated by Wnt","volume":"24","author":"Asuni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-1317","article-title":"PP2A regulates tau phosphorylation directly and also indirectly via activating GSK-3beta","volume":"19","author":"Qian","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2014.00046","article-title":"GSK-3I2, a pivotal kinase in Alzheimer disease","volume":"7","author":"Llorens-Maratin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01640","article-title":"GSK-3\u03b1 regulates production of Alzheimer's disease amyloid-\u03b2 peptides","volume":"423","author":"Phiel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4321-06.2007","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of regulators of the glycogen synthase Kinase-3 signaling pathway in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease are associated with reduced amyloid precursor protein phosphorylation","volume":"27","author":"Rockenstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.10.064","article-title":"Amyloid-beta-induced neurotoxicity is reduced by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3","volume":"1188","author":"Koh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI64516","article-title":"Inhibition of GSK3\u03b2-mediated BACE1 expression reduces Alzheimer-associated phenotypes","volume":"123","author":"Ly","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2013.06.012","article-title":"Amyloid beta-induced glycogen synthase kinase 3\u03b2 phosphorylated VDAC1 in Alzheimer's disease: implications for synaptic dysfunction and neuronal damage","volume":"1832","author":"Reddy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22101723","article-title":"BACE1 function and inhibition: implications of intervention in the amyloid pathway of Alzheimer's disease pathology","volume":"22","author":"Koelsch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.12965\/jer.1836054.027","article-title":"Treadmill exercise activates PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway leading to GSK-3\u03b2 inhibition in the social isolated rat pups","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exerc. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-014-0475-4","article-title":"Citalopram attenuates tau hyperphosphorylation and spatial memory deficit induced by social isolation rearing in middle-aged rats","volume":"56","author":"Ren","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.03.011","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 7 inhibitor reduced cognitive impairment and pathological hallmarks in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"34","author":"Perez-Gonzalez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01517.x","article-title":"Sildenafil restores cognitive function without affecting \u03b2-amyloid burden in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"164","author":"Cuadrado-Tejedor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23894","article-title":"Early ethanol exposure and vinpocetine treatment alter learning- and memory-related proteins in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex","volume":"95","author":"Swart","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."}],"container-title":["Physiology &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938418310618?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938418310618?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T18:08:45Z","timestamp":1758478125000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031938418310618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":83,"alternative-id":["S0031938418310618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9384"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9384","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vinpocetine mitigates aluminum-induced cognitive impairment in socially isolated rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physiology & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112571","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112571"}}