{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T03:15:35Z","timestamp":1789010135917,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiology & Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T02:55:15Z","timestamp":1675738515000},"page":"114106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effects of different handling methods on the behavior of adult zebrafish"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"262","author":[{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Shishis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Tsang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary J.","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Gerlai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2014.02.011","article-title":"Zebrafish models for translational neuroscience research: from tank to bedside","volume":"37","author":"Stewart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2013.10.007","article-title":"Zebrafish approaches enhance the translational research tackle box","volume":"163","author":"Pickart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.015545","article-title":"Zebrafish models in translational research: tipping the scales toward advancements in human health","volume":"7","author":"Phillips","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dis. Model Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.07.009","article-title":"Evolutionary conservation, translational relevance and cognitive function: the future of zebrafish in behavioral neuroscience","volume":"116","author":"Gerlai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20183","article-title":"Teleostean and mammalian forebrains contrasted: evidence from genes to behavior","volume":"475","author":"Wullimann","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1159\/000229011","article-title":"An evolutionary interpretation of teleostean forebrain anatomy","volume":"74","author":"Mueller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain, Behav. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14613","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14613","article-title":"Evolution of complexity in the zebrafish synapse proteome","volume":"8","author":"Bay\u00e9s","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-012-1284-0","article-title":"Dopamine receptor antagonism disrupts social preference in zebrafish: a strain comparison study","volume":"43","author":"Scerbina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2018.05.005","article-title":"Short exposure to low concentrations of alcohol during embryonic development has only subtle and strain- dependent effect on the levels of five amino acid neurotransmitters in zebrafish","volume":"68","author":"Mahabir","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1159\/000095104","article-title":"The zebrafish genome: a review and msx gene case study","volume":"2","author":"Postlethwait","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genome Dyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0011","series-title":"The Zebrafish in Biomedical Research: Biology, Husbandry,Diseases, and Research Applications","first-page":"25","article-title":"Zebrafish genetics (Chapter 3)","author":"Postlethwait","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2010.07.017","article-title":"Chronic alcohol exposure induced gene expression changes in the zebrafish brain","volume":"216","author":"Pan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.05.031","article-title":"Activity-induced long-term potentiation of excitatory synapses in developing zebrafish retina in vivo","volume":"75","author":"Wei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-013-1658-y","article-title":"Chronic and acute alcohol administration induced neurochemical changes in the brain: comparison of distinct zebrafish populations","volume":"46","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-020-0759-2","article-title":"A virtual reality system to analyze neural activity and behavior in adult zebrafish","volume":"17","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2011_180","article-title":"Using zebrafish to unravel the genetics of complex brain disorders","volume":"12","author":"Gerlai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Top Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2013.12.002","article-title":"Zebrafish as an emerging model for studying complex brain disorders","volume":"35","author":"Kalueff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0018","series-title":"Behavioral and Neural Genetics of Zebrafish","first-page":"205","article-title":"Relational learning in zebrafish: a model of declarative memory in humans? (Chapter 13)","author":"Gerlai","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mcb.2016.02.005","article-title":"Learning and memory in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"134","author":"Gerlai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2976014","article-title":"The effect of gentle handling on depressive-like behavior in adult male mice: considerations for human and rodent interactions in the laboratory","volume":"2018","author":"Neely","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1258\/la.2009.0080098","article-title":"The impact of light, noise, cage cleaning and in-house transport on welfare and stress of laboratory rats","volume":"43","author":"Castelhano-Carlos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lab Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1258\/002367780780937454","article-title":"Stress response of rats to handling and experimental procedures","volume":"14","author":"G\u00e4rtner","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lab Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-197411000-00007","article-title":"Human handling and sudden death in laboratory rats","volume":"159","author":"Lynch","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1037\/h0083007","article-title":"Effects of handling at various ages on later open-field behavior","volume":"21","author":"Doty","year":"1967","journal-title":"Can. J. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1080\/00221325.1963.10532725","article-title":"Response to handling as a function of sex and emotional differences in the albino rat","volume":"102","author":"Stone","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Genet Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0026","first-page":"479","article-title":"The handling of experimental animals as a control factor in animal research; a review","volume":"6","author":"Bernstein","year":"1957","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2018.02.005","article-title":"Reproducibility and replicability in zebrafish behavioral neuroscience research","volume":"178","author":"Gerlai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.01.003","article-title":"Reproducibility and replicability of rodent phenotyping in preclinical studies","volume":"87","author":"Kafkafi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5420.1670","article-title":"Genetics of mouse behavior: interactions with laboratory environment","volume":"284","author":"Crabbe","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10173","article-title":"Different data from different labs: lessons from studies of gene-environment interaction","volume":"54","author":"Wahlsten","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1413","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.1413","article-title":"Thirty-second net stressor task in adult zebrafish","volume":"5","author":"Tran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bio. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.10.061","article-title":"Interaction between handling induced stress and anxiolytic effects of ethanol in zebrafish: a behavioral and neurochemical analysis","volume":"298","author":"Tran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0033","series-title":"Different Views of Anxiety Disorders","first-page":"137","article-title":"Zebrafish, a potential novel research tool for the analysis and modeling of anxiety (Chapter 7)","author":"Gerlai","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.09.001","article-title":"In search of optimal fear inducing stimuli: differential behavioral responses to computer animated images in zebrafish","volume":"226","author":"Luca","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2015.08.009","article-title":"Neurochemical factors underlying individual differences in locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavioral responses in zebrafish","volume":"65","author":"Tran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2174\/2211556005666160519144414","article-title":"The novel tank test: handling stress and the context specific psychopharmacology of anxiety","volume":"5","author":"Tran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2013.11.006","article-title":"Acute ethanol exposure induces behavioural differences in two zebrafish (Danio rerio) strains: a time course analysis","volume":"259","author":"Pannia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2016.12.004","article-title":"Time-dependent interacting effects of caffeine, diazepam, and ethanol on zebrafish behaviour","volume":"75","author":"Tran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2009.03.003","article-title":"Zebrafish (Danio rerio) responds to the animated image of a predator: towards the development of an automated aversive task","volume":"201","author":"Gerlai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2019.01.006","article-title":"The light-dark task in zebrafish confuses two distinct factors: interaction between background shade and illumination level preference","volume":"179","author":"Facciol","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2009.10.008","article-title":"Zebrafish antipredatory responses: a future for translational research?","volume":"207","author":"Gerlai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2015.11.007","article-title":"Perspectives on zebrafish neurobehavioral pharmacology","volume":"139","author":"Levin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2014.07.007","article-title":"Zebrafish phenomics: behavioral screens and phenotyping of mutagenized fish","volume":"2","author":"Gerlai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2014.04.015","article-title":"Fish in behavior research: unique tools with a great promise!","volume":"234","author":"Gerlai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2020.570704","article-title":"Elemental and configural associative learning in spatial tasks: could zebrafish be used to advance our knowledge?","volume":"14","author":"Buatois","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2012.05.024","article-title":"Can zebrafish learn spatial tasks? An empirical analysis of place and single CS\u2013US associative learning","volume":"233","author":"Karnik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2017.01.016","article-title":"Zebrafish and relational memory: could a simple fish be useful for the analysis of biological mechanisms of complex vertebrate learning?","volume":"141","author":"Gerlai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-387036-0.00012-8","article-title":"Associative learning in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"101","author":"Gerlai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Methods Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.4.2.275","article-title":"Brain imaging in anxiety disorders","volume":"4","author":"Bremner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000223","article-title":"Can anxiety damage the brain?","volume":"29","author":"Mah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-016-0739-5","article-title":"Anxiety disorders and cardiovascular disease","volume":"18","author":"Celano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S54","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02471.x","article-title":"Depression, anxiety and their relationship with chronic diseases: a review of the epidemiology, risk and treatment evidence","volume":"190","author":"Clarke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31955","article-title":"Work stress and the risk of cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"144","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1163\/1568539X-00003011","article-title":"Effects of animated images of sympatric predators and abstract shapes on fear responses in zebrafish","volume":"149","author":"Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behaviour"}],"container-title":["Physiology & Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938423000343?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938423000343?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T18:23:49Z","timestamp":1758479029000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031938423000343"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S0031938423000343"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9384"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9384","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of different handling methods on the behavior of adult zebrafish","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physiology & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114106"}}