{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:16:26Z","timestamp":1790788586694,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004796","name":"IPEV","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004796","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"ANR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiology &amp; Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,24]],"date-time":"2024-03-24T19:53:47Z","timestamp":1711310027000},"page":"114525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["From land to ocean: One month for southern elephant seal pups to acquire aquatic skills prior to their first departure to sea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"279","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7175-7831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erwan","family":"Piot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea","family":"Hippauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Charlanne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baptiste","family":"Picard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Badaut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Guinet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1163\/156853997X00133","article-title":"Ontogeny of diving behaviour in the galapagos fur seal","volume":"134","author":"Horning","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behaviour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(84)80245-6","article-title":"The meaning of weaning","volume":"32","author":"Martin","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0003","series-title":"Behaviour of pinnipeds","first-page":"66","article-title":"Behavioural ecology of pinniped neonates","author":"Bowen","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0004","series-title":"Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals","first-page":"705","article-title":"Pinniped ecology","author":"Bowen","year":"2018"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1086\/432922","article-title":"Development of body oxygen stores in harbor seals: effects of age, mass, and body composition","volume":"78","author":"Burns","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol. Biochem. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3993","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.204.22.3993","article-title":"Diving development in nursing harbour seal pups","volume":"204","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00300-009-0718-y","article-title":"Remarkable development of diving performance and migrations of hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) during their first year of life","volume":"33","author":"Folkow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Polar. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1111\/mms.12341","article-title":"Making it through the first year: ontogeny of movement and diving behavior in harbor seals from Svalbard, Norway","volume":"32","author":"Blanchet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mar. Mamm. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1121\/1.417361","article-title":"Onboard acoustic recording from diving northern elephant seals","volume":"100","author":"Fletcher","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s003000050329","article-title":"Movements and diving behavior of weaned Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) pups","volume":"21","author":"Burns","year":"1999","journal-title":"Polar. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D.A. Croll, A. Acevedo-Gutierrez, B.R. Tershy, J. Urban-Ram\u0131rez, and D. Croll, \u2018The diving behavior of blue and fin whales: is dive duration shorter than expected based on oxygen stores?\u2019, 2001. 10.1016\/s1095-6433(01)00348-8.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(01)00348-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2656.2006.01101.x","article-title":"Deep-diving foraging behaviour of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus)","volume":"75","author":"Watwood","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anim. Ecol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1993.1312","article-title":"Diving behaviour of lactating harp seal, Phoca groenlandica, females from the Gulf of St Lawrence, Canada","volume":"46","author":"Lydersen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0014","series-title":"Elephant Seals: Population Ecology, Behavior, and Physiology","first-page":"253","article-title":"Diving behavior of southern elephant seals from Macquarie island: an overview","author":"Slip","year":"1994"},{"issue":"1514","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2002.2252","article-title":"Stroke and glide of wing-propelled divers: deep diving seabirds adjust surge frequency to buoyancy change with depth","volume":"270","author":"Watanuki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1086\/515894","article-title":"Heart rate and oxygen consumption of northern elephant seals during diving in the laboratory","volume":"71","author":"Webb","year":"1998","journal-title":"Physiol. Zool."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.12514","article-title":"Adjustment of diving behaviour with prey encounters and body condition in a deep diving predator: the Southern Elephant Seal","volume":"30","author":"Jouma'a","year":"2016","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0018","first-page":"2609","article-title":"Variation in body condition during the post-moult foraging trip of southern elephant seals and its consequences on diving behaviour","volume":"217","author":"Richard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/3.3.255","article-title":"The optimal allocation of time during the diving cycle","volume":"3","author":"Houston","year":"1992","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1139\/z88-012","article-title":"The behavioral ecology of air breathing by aquatic animals","volume":"66","author":"Kramer","year":"1988","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.R. Noren and T.M. Williams, \u2018Body size and skeletal muscle myoglobin of cetaceans: adaptations for maximizing dive duration\u2019, 2000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1095-6433(00)00182-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(00)00182-3"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0022","article-title":"The Evolution of Maternal Care in Pinnipeds New findings raise questions about the evolution of maternal feeding strategies","volume":"46","author":"Boness","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/af\/vfad037","article-title":"Extraordinary diversity of the pinniped lactation triad: lactation and growth strategies of seals, sea lions, fur seals, and walruses","volume":"13","author":"Avery","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim. Front."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S1385-1101(00)00048-4","article-title":"Diving behaviour of harbour seal Phoca vitulina pups from nursing to independent feeding","volume":"44","author":"Bekkby","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Sea Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.2003.tb01116.x","article-title":"Synchronous shallow dives by Weddell seal mother-pup pairs during lactation","volume":"19","author":"Sato","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mar. Mamm. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1987.tb03735.x","article-title":"Maternal behaviour and early behavioural ontogeny of grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) on the Isle of May, UK","volume":"213","author":"Kovacs","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1139\/z92-184","article-title":"Mass-transfer efficiency between hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) mothers and their pups in the Gulf of St Lawrence","volume":"70","author":"Kovacs","year":"1992","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1086\/528777","article-title":"Body condition at weaning affects the duration of the postweaning fast in gray seal pups (Halichoerus grypus)","volume":"81","author":"Noren","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol. Biochem. Zool."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1990.tb06016.x","article-title":"Duration of post-weaning fast and local dispersion in the southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina, at Marion Island","volume":"222","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1139\/z97-072","article-title":"Postweaning behaviour in pups of the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) on South Georgia","volume":"75","author":"Modig","year":"1997","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1139\/z93-252","article-title":"Variation in weaning mass of pups in relation to maternal mass, postweaning fast duration, and weaned pup behaviour in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) at South Georgia","volume":"71","author":"Arnbom","year":"1993","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0021-8790.2001.00576.x","article-title":"Movements and foraging areas of na\u00efve, recently weaned southern elephant seal pups","volume":"71","author":"McConnell","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Anim. Ecol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1086\/322168","article-title":"Postweaning duration and body composition changes in southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) pups at King George Island","volume":"74","author":"Carlini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physiol. Biochem. Zool."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1139\/z93-194","article-title":"Duration of lactation and postweaning changes in mass and body composition of harbour seal, Phoca vitulina, pups","volume":"71","author":"Muelbert","year":"1993","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1990.tb08935.x","article-title":"Depressed metabolism and low protein catabolism in fasting grey seal pups","volume":"139","author":"Nordoy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0036","series-title":"Elephant seals: population ecology, behavior, and physiology","first-page":"271","article-title":"Developmental aspects of diving in Northern elephant seal pups","author":"Thorson","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00303199","article-title":"Northern elephant seal development: the transition from weaning to nutritional independence","volume":"3","author":"Reiter","year":"1978","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1515\/mamm.1999.63.3.257","article-title":"Behaviour of southern elephant seal weanlings during the post-weaning fast in Patagonia","volume":"63","author":"Falabella","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mammalia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1086\/316637","article-title":"Development of cardiorespiratory patterns associated with terrestrial apneas in free-ranging southern elephant seals","volume":"72","author":"Falabella","year":"1999","journal-title":"Physiol. Biochem. Zool."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1086\/682386","article-title":"Development of dive capacity in northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris): Reduced body reserves at weaning are associated with elevated body oxygen stores during the postweaning fast","volume":"88","author":"Somo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol. Biochem. Zool."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-010-0448-z","article-title":"Postnatal development of muscle biochemistry in nursing harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups: limitations to diving behavior?","volume":"180","author":"Prewitt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.R. Noren, S.J. Iverson, and D.J. Boness, \u2018Development of the blood and muscle oxygen stores in gray seals (Halichoerus grypus): implications for juvenile diving capacity and the necessity of a terrestrial postweaning fast\u2019, 2005. 10.1086\/430228.","DOI":"10.1086\/430228"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.227736","article-title":"Postnatal development of diving physiology: implications of anthropogenic disturbance for immature marine mammals","volume":"223","author":"Noren","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s003600000161","article-title":"The development of diving in marine endotherms: preparing the skeletal muscles of dolphins, penguins, and seals for activity during submergence","volume":"171","author":"Noren","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-009-0378-9","article-title":"Development of myoglobin concentration and acid buffering capacity in harp (pagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded (cystophora cristata) seals from birth to maturity","volume":"179","author":"Lestyk","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-006-0123-6","article-title":"A longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of total body oxygen store development in nursing harbor seals (Phoca vitulina)","volume":"177","author":"Clark","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.230666","article-title":"Contrasting offspring dependence periods and diving development rates in two closely related marine mammal species","volume":"11","author":"Jouma'a","year":"2024","journal-title":"R. Soc. Open. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R267","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1991.260.2.R267","article-title":"Adaptations to prolonged fasting in free-living weaned gray seal pups","volume":"260","author":"Reilly","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Regul., Integr. Comparative Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-003-0353-9","article-title":"Energy reserve utilization in northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) pups during the postweaning fast: Size does matter","volume":"173","author":"Noren","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0050","first-page":"175","article-title":"Post-weaning dispersion of southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina underyearlings at Kerguelen","volume":"36","author":"Lenglart","year":"1982","journal-title":"Terre et la Vie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0051","series-title":"Elephant seals: population ecology, behavior, and physiology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Elephant seals: an introduction to the genus","author":"Le Boeuf","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0052","unstructured":"Python Software Foundation, \u2018Python Language Reference, version 3.9.13\u2019. Accessed: May 20, 2022. [Online]. Available: http:\/\/www.python.org."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.4717","article-title":"Body condition influences ontogeny of foraging behavior in juvenile southern elephant seals","volume":"9","author":"Orgeret","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12845","article-title":"Processing of acceleration and dive data on-board satellite relay tags to investigate diving and foraging behaviour in free-ranging marine predators","volume":"9","author":"Cox","year":"2018","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. Evol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.146.9.251","article-title":"Field immobilisation of southern elephant seals with intravenous tiletamine and zolazepam","volume":"146","author":"McMahon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2005.01.010","article-title":"A new technique for monitoring the detailed behaviour of terrestrial animals: a case study with the domestic cat","volume":"94","author":"Watanabe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3354\/esr00064","article-title":"Prying into the intimate details of animal lives: Use of a daily diary on animals","volume":"4","author":"Wilson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endanger. Species. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0058","first-page":"47","article-title":"Identification of animal movement patterns using tri-axial accelerometry","volume":"10","author":"Shepard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endanger. Species. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.204.4.685","article-title":"A new technique for monitoring the behaviour of free-ranging Adelie penguins","volume":"204","author":"Yoda","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40317-018-0158-y","article-title":"Assessing the utility and limitations of accelerometers and machine learning approaches in classifying behaviour during lactation in a phocid seal","volume":"6","author":"Shuert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anim. Biotelemetry."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3269","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.02402","article-title":"Body density affects stroke patterns in Baikal seals","volume":"209","author":"Watanabe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.00265","article-title":"Factors affecting stroking patterns and body angle in diving Weddell seals under natural conditions","volume":"206","author":"Sato","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2973","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.055137","article-title":"Northern elephant seals adjust gliding and stroking patterns with changes in buoyancy: validation of at-sea metrics of body density","volume":"214","author":"Aoki","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1111\/mms.12235","article-title":"Characterization of postdive recovery using sound recordings and its relationship to dive duration, exertion, and foraging effort of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina)","volume":"31","author":"G\u00e9nin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Mamm. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037997","article-title":"From sensor data to animal behaviour: an oystercatcher example","volume":"7","author":"Shamoun-Baranes","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40317-017-0121-3","article-title":"Identification of behaviours from accelerometer data in a wild social primate","volume":"5","author":"Fehlmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anim. Biotelemetry."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.1890\/07-0539.1","article-title":"Random forests for classification in ecology","volume":"88","author":"Cutler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0068","series-title":"The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications, Version 2.4","author":"Berry","year":"2017"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217025","article-title":"Eye state asymmetry during aquatic unihemispheric slow wave sleep in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus)","volume":"14","author":"Kendall-Bar","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40317-022-00287-x","article-title":"Eavesdropping on the brain at sea: development of a surface-mounted system to detect weak electrophysiological signals from wild animals","volume":"10","author":"Kendall-Bar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim. Biotelemetry."},{"issue":"6642","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0071","first-page":"260","article-title":"Brain activity of diving seals reveals short sleep cycles at depth","volume":"380","author":"Kendall-Bar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science (1979)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2008.00639.x","article-title":"Electroencephalogram asymmetry and spectral power during sleep in the northern fur seal","volume":"17","author":"Lyamin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Sleep. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0073","first-page":"863","article-title":"Patterns of respiration and heart rate during wakefulness and sleep in elephant seal pups","volume":"266","author":"Castellini","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.12111","article-title":"Development enhances hypometabolism in northern elephant seal pups (Mirounga angustirostris)","volume":"27","author":"Tift","year":"2013","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1139\/z98-082","article-title":"Effect of body size, body mass, and body condition on reproduction of female South African fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus) in Namibia","volume":"76","author":"Guinet","year":"1998","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.058602","article-title":"Using tri-axial acceleration data to identify behavioral modes of free-ranging animals: general concepts and tools illustrated for griffon vultures","author":"Nathan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166898","article-title":"Seeing it all: evaluating supervised machine learning methods for the classification of diverse otariid behaviours","volume":"11","author":"Ladds","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2016.05.026","article-title":"Using a three-axis accelerometer to identify and classify sheep behaviour at pasture","volume":"181","author":"Alvarenga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136751","article-title":"The use of acceleration to code for animal behaviours; a case study in free-ranging Eurasian beavers Castor fiber","volume":"10","author":"Graf","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40462-015-0030-0","article-title":"Movement, resting, and attack behaviors of wild pumas are revealed by tri-axial accelerometer measurements","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov. Ecol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1993.tb01930.x","article-title":"Developmental aspects of sleep apnoea in northern elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris","volume":"231","author":"Blackwell","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0082","first-page":"121","article-title":"Perinatal behaviour of northern elephant seals females and their young","volume":"43","author":"Le Boeuf","year":"1972","journal-title":"Behaviour"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1093\/jmammal\/gyab058","article-title":"Early diving behavior in Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) pups","volume":"102","author":"Weitzner","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mammal."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1139\/z96-181","article-title":"Diving behavior of juvenile northern elephant seals","volume":"74","author":"Le Boeuf","year":"1996","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2014.10.029","article-title":"Delineation of the southern elephant seal's main foraging environments defined by temperature and light conditions","volume":"113","author":"Vacqui\u00e9-Garcia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Deep. Sea Res. 2. Top. Stud. Oceanogr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086055","article-title":"Haul-out behaviour of the world's northernmost population of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) throughout the year","volume":"9","author":"Hamilton","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1139\/z94-013","article-title":"Diving activity in nursing bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) pups","volume":"72","author":"Lydersen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3354\/meps13072","article-title":"Behavioural ontogeny of bearded seals Erignathus barbatus through the first year of life","volume":"627","author":"Hamilton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0089","unstructured":"TechnoSmart, \u2018Axy-trek Operating manual\u2019. Accessed: Aug. 16, 2023. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.technosmart.eu\/download\/Axy-Trek%20manual.pdf."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3325","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.031252","article-title":"In pursuit of Irving and Scholander: a review of oxygen store management in seals and penguins","volume":"214","author":"Ponganis","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.037168","article-title":"Condition and mass impact oxygen stores and dive duration in adult female northern elephant seals","volume":"213","author":"Hassrick","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1030180302","article-title":"Significance of the heart rate to the diving ability of seals","volume":"18","author":"Irving","year":"1941","journal-title":"J. Cell Comp. Physiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.182972","article-title":"Adaptations to deep and prolonged diving in phocid seals","volume":"221","author":"Blix","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(70)90076-9","article-title":"Gas transport and oxygen storage capacity in some pinnipeds and the sea otter","volume":"9","author":"Lenfant","year":"1970","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0095","series-title":"Diving Physiology of Marine Mammals and Seabirds","author":"Ponganis","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-013-0782-z","article-title":"A review of the multi-level adaptations for maximizing aerobic dive duration in marine mammals: from biochemistry to behavior","volume":"184","author":"Davis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0097","series-title":"Animal physiology: adaptation and environment","author":"Schmidt-Nielsen","year":"1979"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2435.2007.01295.x","article-title":"Ontogeny of oxygen stores and physiological diving capability in Australian sea lions","volume":"21","author":"Fowler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-007-0146-7","article-title":"The physiological and behavioural development of diving in Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) pups","volume":"177","author":"Spence-Bailey","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2435.2011.01846.x","article-title":"The ontogeny of diving abilities in subantarctic fur seal pups: developmental trade-off in response to extreme fasting?","volume":"25","author":"Verrier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952836902001243","article-title":"The development of blood oxygen stores in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): Implications for diving capacity","volume":"258","author":"Noren","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-006-0076-9","article-title":"Ontogeny of total body oxygen stores and aerobic dive potential in Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)","volume":"176","author":"Richmond","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.041442","article-title":"Regulation of myoglobin expression","volume":"213","author":"Kanatous","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2559","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.018119","article-title":"The ontogeny of aerobic and diving capacity in the skeletal muscles of Weddell seals","volume":"211","author":"Kanatous","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0105","first-page":"1793","article-title":"Rapid postnatal development of myoglobin from large liver iron stores in hooded seals","volume":"216","author":"Geiseler","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1294","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1994.267.5.R1294","article-title":"Developmental changes in cardiorespiratory patterns of sleep-associated apnea in northern elephant seals","volume":"267","author":"Castellini","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Regul., Integr. Comparative Physiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1139\/z99-154","article-title":"Environmental and physiological determinants of successful foraging by naive southern elephant seal pups during their first trip to sea","volume":"77","author":"Hindell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207031","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis of developmental changes in electroencephalography patterns and sleep-wake states of the neonatal mouse","volume":"13","author":"Rensing","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0109","series-title":"Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine - E-Book: Expert Consult - Online and Print","author":"Kryger","year":"2010"},{"issue":"7063","key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04285","article-title":"Clues to the functions of mammalian sleep","volume":"437","author":"Siegel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525_bib0111","first-page":"375","article-title":"Sleep in aquatic mammals","volume":"30","author":"Lyamin","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Physiology &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938424000702?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031938424000702?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T13:02:32Z","timestamp":1713445352000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031938424000702"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":111,"alternative-id":["S0031938424000702"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9384"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9384","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"From land to ocean: One month for southern elephant seal pups to acquire aquatic skills prior to their first departure to sea","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physiology & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2024.114525","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114525"}}