{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T18:12:26Z","timestamp":1776795146990,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Placenta"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T20:57:39Z","timestamp":1680555459000},"page":"35-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Activin A and pathologies of pregnancy: a review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Courtney V.","family":"Barber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer H.","family":"Yo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahana Abdul","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Euan M.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirsten R.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7276-1405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv058","article-title":"Activins in reproductive biology and beyond","volume":"22","author":"Wijayarathna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.06.030","article-title":"New insights into the mechanisms of activin action and inhibition","volume":"359","author":"Walton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib3","first-page":"1055","article-title":"Characterization and determination of the biological activities of noncleavable high molecular weight forms of inhibin A and activin A","volume":"10","author":"Mason","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-15-3-310","article-title":"Activin receptors and cellular signaling by the receptor serine kinase family","volume":"15","author":"Mathews","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"6776","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/35006129","article-title":"Betaglycan binds inhibin and can mediate functional antagonism of activin signalling","volume":"404","author":"Lewis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(00)00294-0","article-title":"Activin signal transduction pathways","volume":"11","author":"Pangas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90395-S","article-title":"TGF\u03b2 signals through a heteromeric protein kinase receptor complex","volume":"71","author":"Wrana","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00002.2018","article-title":"Activin A in mammalian physiology","volume":"99","author":"Bloise","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.318","article-title":"A complex role of activin A in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"104","author":"Yndestad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.9.7675","article-title":"Analysis of human follistatin structure: identification of two discontinuous N-terminal sequences coding for activin A binding and structural consequences of activin binding to native proteins","volume":"141","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2013.03.003","article-title":"The activins and their binding protein, follistatin\u2014diagnostic and therapeutic targets in inflammatory disease and fibrosis","volume":"24","author":"Hedger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.10.009","article-title":"The roles of activin A and its binding protein, follistatin, in inflammation and tissue repair","volume":"359","author":"de Kretser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/6.12.1107","article-title":"Inhibin and activin subunits are differentially expressed in endometrial cells and leukocytes during the menstrual cycle, in early pregnancy and in women using progestin-only contraception","volume":"6","author":"Jones","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3469","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/13.12.3469","article-title":"Immunolocalization of inhibin and activin subunits in human endometrium across the menstrual cycle","volume":"13","author":"Leung","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3976","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.9.5403","article-title":"Activin is a local regulator of human cytotrophoblast cell differentiation","volume":"138","author":"Caniggia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.12.125","article-title":"Evaluation of endometrial activin A secretion for prediction of pregnancy after intrauterine insemination","volume":"93","author":"Florio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5114","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.13.5114","article-title":"Inhibin and activin modulate the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin, and progesterone from cultured human placental cells","volume":"86","author":"Petraglia","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(83)80043-5","article-title":"Uteroplacental arterial changes related to interstitial trophoblast migration in early human pregnancy","volume":"4","author":"Pijnenborg","year":"1983","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1650157","article-title":"Increased maternal serum activin A but not follistatin levels in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders","volume":"165","author":"D'Antona","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.3.827","article-title":"Serum activin A and follistatin concentrations during human pregnancy: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study","volume":"14","author":"O'Connor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01091","article-title":"The role of placental hormones in mediating maternal adaptations to support pregnancy and lactation","volume":"9","author":"Napso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/12.5.1089","article-title":"Source of circulating levels of inhibin A, pro alpha C-containing inhibins and activin A in early pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"Muttukrishna","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2018-00301","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein 2 promotes human trophoblast cell invasion by inducing activin A production","volume":"159","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/gye.16.5.365.372","article-title":"Pre-eclampsia with fetal growth restriction: placental and serum activin A and inhibin A levels","volume":"16","author":"Florio","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gynecol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(01)00503-2","article-title":"Changes in inhibins and activin secretion in healthy and pathological pregnancies","volume":"180","author":"Florio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.2002.0870","article-title":"Effect of hypoxia on placental activin A, inhibin A and follistatin synthesis","volume":"24","author":"Manuelpillai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-06-0061","article-title":"Oxidative stress increases placental and endothelial cell activin A secretion","volume":"192","author":"Mandang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)04694-0","article-title":"Conception, early pregnancy loss, and time to clinical pregnancy: a population-based prospective study","volume":"79","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12417","article-title":"Trends in risk of pregnancy loss among US women","volume":"32","author":"Rossen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1480233","article-title":"Maternal serum inhibin A levels are a marker of a viable trophoblast in incomplete and complete miscarriage","volume":"148","author":"Luisi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib31","article-title":"Activin A and follistatin as biomarkers for ectopic pregnancy and missed abortion","volume":"35","author":"Daponte","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60367-7","article-title":"Maternal serum hormone concentrations for prediction of adverse outcome in threatened miscarriage","volume":"15","author":"Johns","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.11.072","article-title":"Inhibin A and activin A may be used to predict pregnancy outcome in women with recurrent miscarriage","volume":"83","author":"Prakash","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3072","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.12.3072","article-title":"Circulating levels of inhibin A, activin A and follistatin in missed and recurrent miscarriages","volume":"17","author":"Muttukrishna","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02005.x","article-title":"First trimester levels of inhibins and activin A in normal and failing pregnancies","volume":"60","author":"Wallace","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib36","first-page":"126","article-title":"Molecular diagnostics and therapeutics for ectopic pregnancy","volume":"21","author":"Tong","year":"2015","journal-title":"MHR: Basic Sci. Reprod. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12727","article-title":"Hospital admission and surgical approach to tubal ectopic pregnancy in Australia 2000 to 2014: a population\u2010based study","volume":"58","author":"Paull","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0810384","volume":"361","author":"Barnhart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ectopic Pregnancy, N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib39","first-page":"70","article-title":"The accuracy of first trimester ultrasound in the diagnosis of hydatidiform mole, Ultrasound Obstet","volume":"29","author":"Kirk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gynecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1136\/jfprhc-2011-0073","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy","volume":"37","author":"Sivalingam","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Fam. Plann. Reprod. Health Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2010.02.006","article-title":"Patterns and predictors of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy","volume":"20","author":"Hasan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"7811","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib42","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy","volume":"342","author":"Jurkovic","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmp057","article-title":"Current knowledge of the aetiology of human tubal ectopic pregnancy","volume":"16","author":"Shaw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2188","article-title":"Single serum activin A testing to predict ectopic pregnancy","volume":"92","author":"Florio","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31820b3c61","article-title":"Development of a multiple marker test for ectopic pregnancy","volume":"117","author":"Rausch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2011.12.018","article-title":"Serum activin A does not predict ectopic pregnancy as a single measurement test, alone or as part of a multi-marker panel including progesterone and hCG","volume":"413","author":"Warrick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep066","article-title":"The use of serum inhibin A and activin A levels in predicting the outcome of \u2018pregnancies of unknown location","volume":"24","author":"Kirk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib48","first-page":"227","article-title":"Serum activin A levels and tubal ectopic pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"J\u00fanior","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iran. J. Reproductive Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1654","article-title":"The expression of activin-\u03b2a- and -\u03b2B-Subunits, follistatin, and activin type II receptors in fallopian tubes bearing an ectopic pregnancy","volume":"93","author":"Refaat","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12399","article-title":"SOMANZ guidelines for the management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 2014","volume":"55","author":"Lowe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2013.05.005","article-title":"Global and regional estimates of preeclampsia and eclampsia: a systematic review","volume":"170","author":"Abalos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.00250","article-title":"Redefining preeclampsia using placenta-derived biomarkers","volume":"61","author":"Staff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib53","first-page":"1","article-title":"Current and emerging pharmacotherapy for emergency management of preeclampsia","author":"Cox","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expet Opin. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.082769mk","article-title":"Critical growth factors and signalling pathways controlling human trophoblast invasion","volume":"54","author":"Kn\u00f6fler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.99.4.681","article-title":"Implantation, trophoblast differentiation and haemochorial placentation: mechanistic evidence in vivo and in vitro","volume":"99","author":"Aplin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2011.09.019","article-title":"IFPA Award in Placentology lecture: molecular regulation of human trophoblast invasion","volume":"33S","author":"Kn\u00f6fler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01928","article-title":"The secretion and effect of inhibin A, activin A and follistatin on first-trimester trophoblasts in vitro","volume":"152","author":"Bearfield","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(97)90065-5","article-title":"Inhibin, activin and follistatin in the human placenta\u2014a new family of regulatory proteins","volume":"18","author":"Petraglia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib59","first-page":"622","article-title":"Maternal serum inhibin-A and activin-A levels in the first trimester of pregnancies developing pre-eclampsia, Ultrasound Obstet","volume":"32","author":"Spencer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gynecology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.7.1640","article-title":"Serum inhibin A and activin A are elevated prior to the onset of pre-eclampsia","volume":"15","author":"Muttukrishna","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1081\/PRG-120016794","article-title":"Women with preeclampsia have increased serum levels of pregnancy\u2010associated plasma protein A (PAPP\u2010A), inhibin A, activin A and soluble E\u2010selectin, hypertens","volume":"22","author":"Bersinger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pregnancy"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1606","article-title":"Comparison of activin A and cell-free fetal DNA levels in maternal plasma from patients at high risk for preeclampsia","volume":"26","author":"Diesch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prenat. Diagn."},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.04.008","article-title":"Umbilical cord serum activin A levels are increased in pre-eclampsia with impaired blood flow in the uteroplacental and fetal circulation","volume":"27","author":"Florio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8430","article-title":"Early pregnancy levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and the risk of intrauterine growth restriction, premature birth, preeclampsia, and stillbirth","volume":"87","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17952","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160817952","article-title":"Combined screening for early detection of pre-eclampsia","volume":"16","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02476.x","article-title":"Uterine vein and maternal urinary levels of activin A and inhibin A in pre-eclampsia patients","volume":"64","author":"Muttukrishna","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217273","article-title":"The prediction of early preeclampsia: results from a longitudinal proteomics study","volume":"14","author":"Tarca","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.021","article-title":"Activin and NADPH-oxidase in preeclampsia: insights from in vitro and murine studies","volume":"212","author":"Lim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-6-63","article-title":"Changes in the reproductive function and developmental phenotypes in mice following intramuscular injection of an activin betaA-expressing plasmid","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. : RBE (Rev. Bras. Entomol.)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-21-0368","article-title":"Activin A causes endothelial dysfunction of mouse aorta and human aortic cells","volume":"163","author":"Barber","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2660","article-title":"Prediction of early, intermediate and late pre-eclampsia from maternal factors, biophysical and biochemical markers at 11\u201313 weeks","volume":"31","author":"Akolekar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prenat. Diagn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S251","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-s225","article-title":"Summary and recommendations of the fifth international workshop-conference on gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"30","author":"Metzger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3342","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19113342","article-title":"The pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"19","author":"Plows","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib74","series-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092175","article-title":"Serum activin A and follistatin levels in gestational diabetes and the association of the activin A-follistatin system with anthropometric parameters in offspring","volume":"9","author":"N\u00e4f","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S105","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-s201","article-title":"What is gestational diabetes?","volume":"30","author":"Buchanan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib77","first-page":"1459","article-title":"Adaptation of islets of Langerhans to pregnancy: increased islet cell proliferation and insulin secretion correlates with the onset of placental lactogen secretion","volume":"130","author":"Parsons","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-2-201307160-00661","article-title":"Benefits and harms of treating gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and metaanalysis for the U.S. Preventive services task force and the national institutes of health office of medical applications of research","volume":"159","author":"Hartling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib79","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus and future cardiovascular risk: an update","volume":"2016","author":"Burlina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Internet J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343713","article-title":"Activin A stimulates insulin secretion in cultured human pancreatic islets","volume":"23","author":"Florio","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Invest."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.119777","article-title":"Maternal serum activin A, inhibin A, and follistatin in pregnancies with appropriately grown and small-forgestational-age fetuses classified by umbilical artery Doppler ultrasound","volume":"186","author":"Bobrow","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200405148","article-title":"The diabetes-linked transcription factor PAX4 promotes beta-cell proliferation and survival in rat and human islets","volume":"167","author":"Brun","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.3.608","article-title":"Activin A and betacellulin: effect on regeneration of pancreatic beta-cells in neonatal streptozotocin-treated rats","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-3079-6","article-title":"Differential regulation of mouse pancreatic islet insulin secretion and Smad proteins by activin ligands","volume":"57","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib85","first-page":"558","article-title":"Abnormal concentration of maternal serum activin-A in gestational diseases","volume":"80","author":"Petraglia","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1350340","article-title":"Episodic secretion of activin A in pregnant women","volume":"135","author":"Gallinelli","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000429658.85846.f9","article-title":"ACOG Practice bulletin no. 134: fetal growth restriction","volume":"121","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.22134","article-title":"ISUOG Practice Guidelines: diagnosis and management of small-for-gestational-age fetus and fetal growth restriction","volume":"56","author":"Lees","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib89","first-page":"96","volume":"53","author":"Barker","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fetal Nutr. Cardiovasc. Dis. Later Life"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.1997.d01-7.x","article-title":"Childhood influences on adult health: a review of recent work from the British 1946 national birth cohort study, the MRC National Survey of Health and Development","volume":"11","author":"Wadsworth","year":"1997","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2003.02190.x","article-title":"Maternal serum activin A levels in association with intrauterine fetal growth restriction","volume":"110","author":"Wallace","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bjog"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2004.02.030","article-title":"Circulating levels of inhibin A, inhibin B and activin A in normal and intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) fetuses","volume":"117","author":"Morpurgo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2006.00535.x","article-title":"Maternal serum activin A and the prediction of intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"46","author":"Barkehall-Thomas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib94","first-page":"267","article-title":"Serum activin A, inhibin A, and follistatin concentrations in preeclampsia or small for gestational age pregnancies","volume":"99","author":"Keelan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2016.03.001","article-title":"Role of activin A in the pathogenesis of endothelial cell dysfunction in preeclampsia","volume":"6","author":"Hobson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pregnancy Hypertens."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2001.0555","article-title":"Follistatin regulates bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) activity to stimulate embryonic muscle growth","volume":"243","author":"Amthor","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1080\/08977190412331279890","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Growth Factors"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3758","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-1052","article-title":"Generation of a specific activin antagonist by modification of the activin A propeptide","volume":"152","author":"Makanji","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1550065","article-title":"Inhibin, activin and follistatin bind preferentially to the transformed species of alpha 2-macroglobulin","volume":"155","author":"Phillips","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5343","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.136.12.7588280","article-title":"Alpha 2-macroglobulin conformation determines binding affinity for activin A and plasma clearance of activin A\/alpha 2-macroglobulin complex","volume":"136","author":"Niemuller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocrinology"}],"container-title":["Placenta"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0143400423000711?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0143400423000711?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T18:08:37Z","timestamp":1758910117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0143400423000711"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"references-count":100,"alternative-id":["S0143400423000711"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-4004"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-4004","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Activin A and pathologies of pregnancy: a review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Placenta","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.03.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}