{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T06:08:11Z","timestamp":1779430091442,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Placenta"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T07:58:25Z","timestamp":1775030305000},"page":"23-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Birthweight to placental weight ratio and placental pathology in clinically unanticipated stillbirths: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"179","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5174-2359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura A.","family":"Lens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4537-5645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lotte E.","family":"van der Meeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4721-4597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maddy","family":"Smies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7279-4589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter G.J.","family":"Nikkels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avital L.","family":"Amir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7243-2115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wessel","family":"Ganzevoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3915-8609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanne J.","family":"Gordijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2S","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.11.577","article-title":"Pathophysiology of placental-derived fetal growth restriction","volume":"218","author":"Burton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm.2010.041","article-title":"Fetal growth restriction - from observation to intervention","volume":"38","author":"Baschat","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Perinat. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-200606000-00007","article-title":"Placenta and fetal growth restriction","volume":"49","author":"Salafia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13190","article-title":"Perinatal morbidity and mortality in early-onset fetal growth restriction: cohort outcomes of the trial of randomized umbilical and fetal flow in Europe (TRUFFLE)","volume":"42","author":"Lees","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f108","article-title":"Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth: population based study","volume":"346","author":"Gardosi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib6","first-page":"482","article-title":"Neurodevelopment of infant with late fetal growth restriction","volume":"73","author":"Stampalija","year":"2021","journal-title":"Minerva Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.29256","article-title":"Risk factors for mortality and severe morbidity in fetuses with normal late third-trimester scan: population-based cohort study","volume":"66","author":"D'Alberti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318253d3df","article-title":"Placental weight for gestational age and adverse perinatal outcomes","volume":"119","author":"Hutcheon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp182","article-title":"Placental weight relative to birth weight and long-term cardiovascular mortality: findings from a cohort of 31,307 men and women","volume":"170","author":"Risnes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887 e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.06.030","article-title":"A comprehensive analysis of the association between placental pathology and recurrent preterm birth","volume":"227","author":"Suresh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"Pt 14","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3459","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.173013","article-title":"Placental efficiency and adaptation: endocrine regulation","volume":"587","author":"Fowden","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2024.06.020","article-title":"Placental chronic inflammatory histopathology and fetal growth in a cohort with universal placental examination","volume":"154","author":"Salafia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1177\/10935266211008444","article-title":"Formulating a meaningful and comprehensive placental phenotypic classification","volume":"24","author":"Freedman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dev. Pathol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2015-0225-CC","article-title":"Sampling and definitions of placental Lesions: Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group consensus statement","volume":"140","author":"Khong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Lab Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002264","article-title":"Maternal vascular malperfusion and adverse perinatal outcomes in low-risk nulliparous women","volume":"130","author":"Wright","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2019.09.007","article-title":"The impact of placental massive perivillous fibrin deposition on neonatal outcome in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction","volume":"87","author":"Spinillo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719117749757","article-title":"Can placental histopathology lesions predict recurrence of small for gestational Age neonates?","volume":"25","author":"Levy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.22134","article-title":"ISUOG Practice guidelines: diagnosis and management of small-for-gestational-age fetus and fetal growth restriction","volume":"56","author":"Lees","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.14644","article-title":"Human fetal growth is constrained below optimal for perinatal survival","volume":"45","author":"Vasak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1371360","article-title":"Potential improvement of pregnancy outcome through prenatal small for gestational age detection","volume":"31","author":"Voskamp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Perinatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1159\/000357592","article-title":"Update on the diagnosis and classification of fetal growth restriction and proposal of a stage-based management protocol","volume":"36","author":"Figueras","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn. Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15884","article-title":"Consensus definition of fetal growth restriction: a Delphi procedure","volume":"48","author":"Gordijn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285096","article-title":"Perinatal mortality rate and adverse perinatal outcomes presumably attributable to placental dysfunction in (near) term gestation: a nationwide 5-year cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Damhuis","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2009.06.006","article-title":"Pathological assessment of intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"23","author":"Cox","year":"2009","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01327.x","article-title":"Placenta weight percentile curves for singleton deliveries","volume":"114","author":"Thompson","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-016-2740-8","article-title":"Defining small-for-gestational-age: prescriptive versus descriptive birthweight standards","volume":"175","author":"Hoftiezer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pediatr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib27","first-page":"327","article-title":"Relationship of fetal and placental weight in human beings: fetal\/placental weight ratios at various gestational ages and birth weight distributions","volume":"21","author":"Molteni","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2017.11.008","article-title":"Birth weight to placenta weight ratio and its relationship to ultrasonic measurements, maternal and neonatal morbidity: a prospective cohort study of nulliparous women","volume":"63","author":"Salavati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1177\/1093526620980608","article-title":"Placenta pathology from term born neonates with normal or adverse outcome","volume":"24","author":"Nikkels","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dev. Pathol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(97)00473-0","article-title":"Placental pathology of absent and reversed end-diastolic flow in growth-restricted fetuses","volume":"90","author":"Salafia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.2001.0700","article-title":"Villous trophoblast: morphometric perspectives on growth, differentiation, turnover and deposition of fibrin-type fibrinoid during gestation","volume":"22","author":"Mayhew","year":"2001","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2007.09.003","article-title":"Placental pathology: a systematic approach with clinical correlations","volume":"29","author":"Redline","year":"2008","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00028","article-title":"Placental adaptation: what can we learn from birthweight:placental weight ratio?","volume":"7","author":"Hayward","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s10024-003-8083-2","article-title":"Maternal vascular underperfusion: nosology and reproducibility of placental reaction patterns","volume":"7","author":"Redline","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dev. Pathol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.16018","article-title":"Effects of intrauterine retention and postmortem interval on body weight following intrauterine death: implications for assessment of fetal growth restriction at autopsy","volume":"48","author":"Man","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1007\/s10024-004-7084-0","article-title":"Autopsy standards of body parameters and fresh organ weights in nonmacerated and macerated human fetuses","volume":"8","author":"Maroun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dev. Pathol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00881.x","article-title":"The Tulip classification of perinatal mortality: introduction and multidisciplinary inter-rater agreement","volume":"113","author":"Korteweg","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.29120","article-title":"Near-miss criteria for stillbirth in global research: the 'In Utero' consensus","volume":"65","author":"Gordijn","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.12.017","article-title":"Criteria for placental examination for obstetrical and neonatal providers","volume":"228","author":"Roberts","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."}],"container-title":["Placenta"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0143400426001062?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0143400426001062?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T05:42:30Z","timestamp":1779428550000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0143400426001062"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0143400426001062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-4004"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-4004","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Birthweight to placental weight ratio and placental pathology in clinically unanticipated stillbirths: a retrospective cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Placenta","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.03.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}