{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T04:47:57Z","timestamp":1792126077869,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Placenta"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:42:44Z","timestamp":1791848564000},"page":"148-159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The AMPK\/mTOR axis is linked to placental ferroptosis in human gestational diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"186","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1191-3323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8618-677X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziyi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haobin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niannian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8075-3472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuchun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6674-0414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guanglei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aat6114","article-title":"Immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface","volume":"4","author":"Ander","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12854","article-title":"Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in mainland China: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.285","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcome in South Asia: a systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Mistry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2021.0335","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus: diagnostic approaches and maternal-offspring complications","volume":"46","author":"Moon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes & metabolism journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_852_18","article-title":"Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review & meta-analysis","volume":"154","author":"You","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Indian journal of medical research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2022.0348","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus and its implications across the life span","volume":"47","author":"Wicklow","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes & metabolism journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2022.2036969","article-title":"Association of hyperglycaemia with the placenta of GDM-induced macrosomia with normal pre-pregnancy BMI and the proliferation of trophoblast cells","volume":"42","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib8","first-page":"239","article-title":"Chemerin alleviates the placental oxidative stress and improves fetal overgrowth of gestational diabetes mellitus mice induced by high fat diet","volume":"30","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.100002","article-title":"Deciphering the preeclampsia-specific immune microenvironment and the role of pro-inflammatory macrophages at the maternal-fetal interface","volume":"13","author":"Fei","year":"2025","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2015.04.006","article-title":"Inflammation in maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"36","author":"Pantham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1177547","article-title":"Ferroptosis and its potential role in gestational diabetes mellitus: updated evidence from pathogenesis to therapy","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1482838","article-title":"Insights into the pathogenesis of gestational and hepatic diseases: the impact of ferroptosis","volume":"12","author":"You","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2025.2468737","article-title":"Metformin ameliorates gestational diabetes mellitus via inhibiting ferroptosis of trophoblasts through the Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathway","volume":"59","author":"Fang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.2174\/0118715303275367240103102801","article-title":"Bioinformatics-based identification of ferroptosis-related genes and their diagnostic value in gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"24","author":"Lv","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/s41065-025-00465-w","article-title":"Astragaloside IV regulates FOXM1 deubiquitination to ameliorate trophoblast damage caused by high glucose","volume":"162","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hereditas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2021.100503","article-title":"Differential expression of mTOR related molecules in the placenta from gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preeclampsia patients","volume":"21","author":"Tsai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib17","first-page":"257","article-title":"GLUT1 exacerbates trophoblast ferroptosis by modulating AMPK\/ACC mediated lipid metabolism and promotes gestational diabetes mellitus associated fetal growth restriction","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2025.06.002","article-title":"Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) shields pancreatic cancer from autophagy-dependent ferroptosis by suppressing redox imbalance induced AMPK\/mTOR signaling","volume":"237","author":"Deepak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Free radical biology & medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01170-9","article-title":"The emerging roles of MAPK-AMPK in ferroptosis regulatory network","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal. : CCS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867325666180117105522","article-title":"The role of AMPK\/mTOR modulators in the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"26","author":"Visnjic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.120805","article-title":"Role of AMPK\/mTOR, mitochondria, and ROS in the pathogenesis of endometriosis","volume":"306","author":"Assaf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3158","article-title":"Standards of medical care for type 2 diabetes in China 2019","volume":"35","author":"Jia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes\/metabolism research and reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2023.11.008","article-title":"Small molecule activators of mitochondrial fusion prevent congenital heart defects induced by maternal diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC, Basic Transl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2022.115374","article-title":"Activated AMPK mitigates diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting hippocampal ferroptosis","volume":"207","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102227","article-title":"Induction of autophagy via the ROS-dependent AMPK-mTOR pathway protects copper-induced spermatogenesis disorder","volume":"49","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2021.03.007","article-title":"Ferroptosis, trophoblast lipotoxic damage, and adverse pregnancy outcome","volume":"108","author":"Beharier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2025.154197","article-title":"Microplastic exposure induces preeclampsia-like symptoms via HIF-1\u03b1\/TFRC-mediated ferroptosis in placental trophoblast cells","volume":"516","author":"Jia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2025.07.085","article-title":"Ferroptosis as a mechanism of placenta dysfunction in inflammation-driven preeclampsia","volume":"169","author":"Cariaco","year":"2025","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2022.09.014","article-title":"miR-2115-3p inhibits ferroptosis by downregulating the expression of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in preeclampsia","volume":"129","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.70115","article-title":"Regulatory role of ATF2 in trophoblast ferroptosis via the PI3K\/Akt\/Nrf2 pathway in gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"16","author":"Xia","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00324-8","article-title":"Ferroptosis: mechanisms, biology and role in disease","volume":"22","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib32","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis in cancer therapy","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-016-1785-9","article-title":"Oxidative stress caused by a SOD1 deficiency ameliorates thioacetamide-triggered cell death via CYP2E1 inhibition but stimulates liver steatosis","volume":"91","author":"Shirato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2025.06.007","article-title":"Biomarkers of oxidative stress in maternal plasma, umbilical cord and placenta of patients with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"237","author":"Etchegaray-Armijo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Free radical biology & medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.788969","article-title":"Differential changes in Akt and AMPK phosphorylation regulating mTOR activity in the placentas of pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes mellitus with large-for-gestational age infants","volume":"8","author":"Hung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18101564","article-title":"Nobiletin protects endothelial function in high-fat diet-induced Obese mice through activation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase","volume":"18","author":"Deng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2020.12.008","article-title":"Negative regulation of AMPK signaling by high glucose via E3 ubiquitin ligase MG53","volume":"81","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecular cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-017-0648-1","article-title":"ROS signaling under metabolic stress: cross-talk between AMPK and AKT pathway","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.06.005","article-title":"Insulin therapy and its consequences for the mother, foetus, and newborn in gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"1864","author":"Subiabre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18061203","article-title":"Insulin treatment may alter fatty acid carriers in placentas from gestational diabetes subjects","volume":"18","author":"Ruiz-Palacios","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Placenta"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0143400426007204?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0143400426007204?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T04:26:45Z","timestamp":1792124805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0143400426007204"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0143400426007204"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-4004"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-4004","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The AMPK\/mTOR axis is linked to placental ferroptosis in human gestational diabetes mellitus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Placenta","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2026.10.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}