{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:07:01Z","timestamp":1791313621348,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Physiology and Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T11:28:06Z","timestamp":1740396486000},"page":"109698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Biochar application improved soil properties, growth performances, essential oil, and rosmarinic acid content of Thymus vulgaris L. under salt stress"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"222","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8947-9561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghasem","family":"Eghlima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meisam","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fateme","family":"Aghamir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib1","series-title":"Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography\/Mass Spectroscopy","author":"Adams","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3","article-title":"Catalase in vitro","volume":"105","author":"Aebi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69014-1","article-title":"Salt stress amelioration and nutrient strengthening in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) via biochar amendment and zinc fortification: seed priming versus foliar application","volume":"14","author":"Ahmad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/jac.12132","article-title":"Biochar mitigates salinity stress in potato","volume":"201","author":"Akhtar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Agron. Crop Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.4081\/ija.2023.2189","article-title":"Integrated soil-water-crop management in salt-affected areas","volume":"18","author":"Altobelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ital. J. Agron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib6","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","first-page":"59","article-title":"Nitrogen (crude proteins) in plants","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib7","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00018060","article-title":"Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies","volume":"39","author":"Bates","year":"1973","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(71)90370-8","article-title":"Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels","volume":"44","author":"Beauchamp","year":"1971","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0292","article-title":"The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of \u201cantioxidant power: the FRAP assay\u201d","volume":"239","author":"Benzie","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2017.01.0017","article-title":"Biochar and soil physical properties","volume":"81","author":"Blanco-Canqui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3665","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO00568K","article-title":"Thymus lanceolatus ethanolic extract protects human cells from tBHP induced oxidative damage","volume":"9","author":"Caprioli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib13","first-page":"15","article-title":"Biochar application maintains photosynthesis of cabbage by regulating stomatal parameters in salt-stressed soil","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3010","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0115589","article-title":"Thermal processing enhances the nutritional value of tomatoes by increasing total antioxidant activity","volume":"50","author":"Dewanto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s42773-023-00261-7","article-title":"Influence of biochar on growth performances, yield of root and tuber crops and controlling plant-parasitic nematodes","volume":"5","author":"Edussuriya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochar"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1080\/00103624.2021.1993884","article-title":"Biochar for improving soil biological properties and mitigating salt stress in plants on salt-affected soils","volume":"53","author":"Egamberdieva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s42729-023-01566-z","article-title":"Exploring the potential impact of biochar amendments in promoting redox reactions, agro- morphological, and phytochemical characteristics in Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad under salt stress","volume":"24","author":"Eghlima","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2020.109465","article-title":"Changes in growth and essential oil composition of sweet basil in response of salinity stress and superabsorbents application","volume":"271","author":"Farsaraei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-021-10515-y","article-title":"The efficacy of salicylic acid levels on photosynthetic activity, growth, and essential oil content and composition of pennyroyal plants under salt stress","volume":"41","author":"Ghassemi-Golezani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Plant Growth Regul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2024.1398846","article-title":"Biochar derived from olive oil pomace mitigates salt stress on seedling growth of forage pea","volume":"15","author":"Gullap","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12061399","article-title":"Alleviation of associated drought and salinity stress' detrimental impacts on an eggplant cultivar","volume":"12","author":"Hannachi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.164811","article-title":"Combined application of acidic biochar and fertilizer synergistically enhances Miscanthus productivity in coastal saline-alkaline soil","volume":"893","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib23","first-page":"260","article-title":"The application of Thymus vulgaris in traditional and modern medicine: a review","volume":"9","author":"Hosseinzadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.166978","article-title":"Biochar amendment combined with partial root-zone drying irrigation alleviates salinity stress and improves root morphology and water use efficiency in cotton plant","volume":"904","author":"Hou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1002\/ldr.4981","article-title":"Can biochar conserve soil moisture and improve soil properties for sustainable intensification of acid soils in the Eastern Indian Himalayas?","volume":"35","author":"Idapuganti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Land Degrad. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.15684","article-title":"Biochar improves the growth and physiological traits of alfalfa, amaranth and maize grown under salt stress","volume":"11","author":"Jabborova","year":"2023","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2021.110518","article-title":"Impacts of biochar on basil (Ocimum basilicum) growth, root morphological traits, plant biochemical and physiological properties and soil enzymatic activities","volume":"290","author":"Jabborova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib28","first-page":"5150","article-title":"Response of soil enzyme activity in different type of soils to cadmium exposure in China","volume":"46","author":"Kong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Agric. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140417","article-title":"Garbage to gains: the role of biochar in sustainable soil quality improvement, arsenic remediation, and crop yield enhancement","volume":"344","author":"Kumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib31","article-title":"Research progress on the mechanism of biochar's impact on soil enzyme","volume":"36","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib32","series-title":"Methods in Enzymology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(87)48036-1","article-title":"Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes","author":"Lichtenthaler","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116614","article-title":"Modified biochar\/humic substance\/fertiliser compound soil conditioner for highly efficient improvement of soil fertility and heavy metals remediation in acidic soils","volume":"325","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib34","article-title":"Biochar promoted halophyte growth and enhanced soil carbon stock in a coastal salt-affected soil","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2024.113704","article-title":"Effects of biochar application on soil properties and the growth of Melissa officinalis L. under salt stress","volume":"338","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Horti"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2004.02.014","article-title":"Salinity and water stress have contrasting effects on the relationship between growth and cell viability during and after stress exposure in drum wheat callus","volume":"167","author":"Lutts","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2020.109319","article-title":"Amelioration of soil properties, growth and leaf mineral elements of summer savory under salt stress and biochar application in alkaline soil","volume":"267","author":"Mehdizadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.130674","article-title":"Biochar amendment improves growth and the essential oil quality and quantity of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) grown under waste water and reduces environmental contamination from waste water disposal","volume":"446","author":"Mumivand","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.06.004","article-title":"Thyme extract increases mucociliary-beating frequency in primary cell lines from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients","volume":"105","author":"Nabissi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s42773-023-00267-1","article-title":"Biochar improves soil properties and corn productivity under drought conditions in South Korea","volume":"5","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochar"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1071\/CP21542","article-title":"Effect of biochar doses under various levels of salt stress on soil nutrient availability, soil enzyme activities and plant growth in a marigold crop","volume":"74","author":"Premalatha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crop Pasture Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2023.09.011","article-title":"Effects of zinc-enriched amino acids on rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) for adaptation in saline-sodic soil conditions: growth, nutrient uptake and biofortification of zinc","volume":"162","author":"Raza","year":"2023","journal-title":"S Afr J Bot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib43","series-title":"Resources Use Efficiency in Agriculture","first-page":"577","article-title":"Fate of micronutrients in alkaline soils","author":"Riaz","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10020277","article-title":"Abiotic stress and reactive oxygen species: generation, signaling, and defense mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Sachdev","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib45","first-page":"34","article-title":"A review: impact of salinity on plant growth","volume":"17","author":"Safdar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-70917-2","article-title":"Effects of biochar on growth and yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salt stress","volume":"14","author":"Shahzadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/sum.12772","article-title":"Soil salinity: a global threat to sustainable development","volume":"38","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soil Use Manag."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.5344\/ajev.1965.16.3.144","article-title":"Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents","volume":"16","author":"Singleton","year":"1965","journal-title":"AJEV (Am. J. Enol. Vitic.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(08)62394-3","article-title":"Response of soil catalase activity to chromium contamination","volume":"21","author":"St\u0119pniewska","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. (China)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1007\/s42729-022-01098-y","article-title":"Fading positive effect of biochar on cotton yield in a coastal saline soil during a 2-year field trial","volume":"23","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib51","first-page":"12","article-title":"Three-dimensional fractal characteristics of soil pore structure and their relationships with hydraulic parameters in biochar-amended saline soil","volume":"205","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116596","article-title":"Conversion of agricultural biomass into valuable biochar and their competence on soil fertility enrichment","volume":"234","author":"Tan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2023.118872","article-title":"Integration of biochar with nitrogen in acidic soil: a strategy to sequester carbon and improve the yield of stevia via altering soil properties and nutrient recycling","volume":"345","author":"Thakur","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2023.112270","article-title":"Melatonin and arginine combined supplementation alleviate salt stress through physiochemical adjustments and improved antioxidant enzymes activity in Capsicum annuum L","volume":"321","author":"Usman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19097","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-23499-3","article-title":"Biochar improves soil quality and wheat yield in saline-alkali soils beyond organic fertilizer in a 3-year field trial","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2021.110078","article-title":"Biochar stimulates tea growth by improving nutrients in acidic soil","volume":"283","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib57","first-page":"4655","article-title":"Effects of biochar application on yellow soil nutrients and enzyme activities","volume":"43","author":"Yuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib58","first-page":"89","article-title":"Charateristics of nutrient content in soil in uncaria origins from Guizhou","volume":"41","author":"Zeng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Guangdong Agric Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2023.112371","article-title":"Biochar improves the yield and quality of Erigeron breviscapus in heavily cadmium- polluted soil","volume":"321","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10050886","article-title":"Beneficial effects of exogenous melatonin on overcoming salt stress in sugar beets (Beta vulgaris L.)","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib61","series-title":"Research Methodology of Crop Physiology","first-page":"208","article-title":"The measurement and mechanism of lipid peroxidation and SOD, POD and CAT activities in biological system","author":"Zhang","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib62","first-page":"196","article-title":"Effect of biochar on the physicochemical properties of coastal saline soil and the antioxidation system activity in maize seedlings","volume":"33","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Soil Water Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib63","first-page":"678","article-title":"Improvement effect of two biochars on coastal saline-alkaline soil","volume":"32","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecol Environ Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137428","article-title":"Apply biochar to ameliorate soda saline-alkali land, improve soil function and increase corn nutrient availability in the Songnen plain","volume":"722","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["Plant Physiology and Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0981942825002268?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0981942825002268?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T13:22:55Z","timestamp":1762348975000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0981942825002268"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["S0981942825002268"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698","relation":{},"ISSN":["0981-9428"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0981-9428","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Biochar application improved soil properties, growth performances, essential oil, and rosmarinic acid content of Thymus vulgaris L. under salt stress","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.plaphy.2025.109698","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109698"}}