{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T22:28:50Z","timestamp":1773872930675,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","painmanagementnursing.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Management Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,3]],"date-time":"2008-03-03T15:09:32Z","timestamp":1204556972000},"page":"10-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effects of Epidural Anesthesia on Labor Progress"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Kamile","family":"Kukulu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hafize","family":"Demirok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Epidural analgesia lengthens the Friedman active phase of labor","volume":"1","author":"Alexander","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib2","first-page":"6","article-title":"Race, ethnicity and insurance as determinants of epidural use: analysis of a national sample survey","volume":"1","author":"Atherton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nursing Economics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib3","author":"Balc\u0131o\u01e7lu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-002-0294-7","article-title":"The effect of epidural analgesia on obstetric lacerations and neonatal outcome during spontaneous vaginal delivery","volume":"267","author":"Bodner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70092-9","article-title":"Nulliparous active labour, epidural analgesia and cesarean delivery for dystocia","volume":"177","author":"Bofill","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2006.03.002","article-title":"Why women prefer epidural analgesia during childbirth: the role of beliefs about epidural analgesia and pain catastrophizing","volume":"11","author":"Bussche","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib7","first-page":"115","article-title":"Pain relief during labor","volume":"3","author":"Camann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Poor progress of labour","volume":"1","author":"El-Hamamy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70019-5","article-title":"The influence of epidural analgesia on cesarean delivery rates","volume":"179","author":"Clark","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1097\/00003643-200009000-00003","article-title":"Epidural anesthesia-analgesia in obstetrics","volume":"17","author":"Gomar","year":"2000","journal-title":"European Journal of Anaesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib11","first-page":"S69","article-title":"The effects of epidural analgesia on labor, maternal and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Leighton","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1053\/sper.2002.32201","article-title":"Epidural analgesia: effects on labor progress and maternal and neonatal outcome","volume":"2","author":"Leighton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Seminars in Perinatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-200406000-00006","article-title":"Epidemiology of epidural analgesia and cesarean delivery","volume":"2","author":"Lieberman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib14","first-page":"203","article-title":"Epidural anesthesia shortens duration of labor in singleton vertex presentation spontaneous delivery","volume":"17","author":"Lurie","year":"1991","journal-title":"Asia and Oceania Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(02)70184-1","article-title":"Epidural analgesia side effects, co-interventions and care of women during childbirth: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Mayberry","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib16","first-page":"63","article-title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of parturients regarding epidural analgesia for labour in university hospital in Karachi","volume":"2","author":"Minhas","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2702.2003.00849.x","article-title":"Epidural analgesia for pain relief in labor and childbirth\u2014a review with a systematic approach","volume":"13","author":"Nystedt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Nursing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2010.0780","article-title":"Maternal health insurance coverage as a determinant of obstetrical anesthesia care","volume":"12","author":"Obst","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib19","first-page":"527","article-title":"0.125% ropivacaine is similar to 0.125 bupivacaine for labor analgesia using patient-controlled epidural infusion","volume":"86","author":"Owen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anesthesia and Analgesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1177\/0884217503258498","article-title":"Analgesia and anesthesia during labor and birth: implications for mother and fetus","volume":"6","author":"Poole","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Labor epidurals and outcome","volume":"1","author":"Robert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical Anaesthesiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib22","first-page":"244","article-title":"The effect of epidural anesthesia on the length of labor","volume":"40","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Family Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.03.005","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in the provision of epidural analgesia to Georgia Medicaid beneficiaries during labor and delivery","volume":"2","author":"Rust","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000171109.53832.8d","article-title":"Continuous compared with intermittent epidural infusion on progress of labor and patient satisfaction","volume":"2","author":"Salim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199907000-00016","article-title":"The influence of the obstetrician in the relationship between epidural analgesia and cesarean section for dystocia","volume":"91","author":"Segal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199709000-00006","article-title":"Cesarean delivery","volume":"87","author":"Sharma","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib27","first-page":"52","article-title":"Obstetric analgesia and anaesthesia in Turkey and in the world","volume":"30","author":"\u015eahin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of the Turkish Anaesthesiology and Reanimation Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib28","first-page":"1743","article-title":"Epidural analgesia during labor","volume":"8","author":"Vincent","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.113874","article-title":"Does epidural analgesia prolong labor and increase risk of cesarean delivery?","volume":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}],"container-title":["Pain Management Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1524904207001439?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1524904207001439?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T17:36:08Z","timestamp":1761500168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1524904207001439"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1524904207001439"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-9042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-9042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of Epidural Anesthesia on Labor Progress","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pain Management Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmn.2007.09.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}