{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T00:08:39Z","timestamp":1794269319279,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","painmanagementnursing.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Management Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T11:22:24Z","timestamp":1774869744000},"page":"e724-e731","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of Mirror Therapy on Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation-Related Pain and Anxiety: Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3988-0474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurten","family":"Ozen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0593-3486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aysun","family":"\u00dcnal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0929-8168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuba","family":"\u00c7omez \u0130kican","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8973-8698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esra","family":"Okudan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9388-8333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bilge Bal","family":"\u00d6zkaptan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6344-4157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130pek","family":"Yeldan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2009.03.005","article-title":"The effect of programmed distraction on the pain caused by venipuncture among adolescents on hemodialysis","volume":"11","author":"Alhani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain Management Nursing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12803","article-title":"Management strategies for pain associated with arteriovenous fistula cannulation: An integrative literature review","volume":"24","author":"Alzaatreh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hemodialysis International"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0003","first-page":"117","article-title":"The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on the pain intensity during insertion of vascular needles in hemodialysis patients","volume":"5","author":"Asgari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Critical Care Nursing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2013.11.005","article-title":"The effects of lavender aromatherapy on pain following needle insertion into a fistula in hemodialysis patients","volume":"20","author":"Bagheri-Nesami","year":"2014","journal-title":"Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-022-03374-3","article-title":"The effect of psychosocial interventions on depression, anxiety, and quality of life in hemodialysis patients: A systematic review and a meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Barello","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Urology and Nephrology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1177\/0391398818823765","article-title":"The positive influence of psychological intervention on the level of anxiety and depression in dialysis patients: A pilot study","volume":"42","author":"Bargiel-Matusiewicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"The International Journal of Artificial Organs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1177\/11297298231194756","article-title":"Investigation of the effect of breathing exercise on invasive pain associated with arteriovenous fistula cannulation in hemodialysis patients: Randomized controlled, single-blind study","volume":"25","author":"Caglar","year":"2024","journal-title":"The Journal of Vascular Access"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968314546134","article-title":"Reflections on mirror therapy: A systematic review of the effect of mirror visual feedback on the brain","volume":"29","author":"Deconinck","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep13020064","article-title":"A pilot randomised controlled trial on the effectiveness of an anti-stress ball technique for pain reduction during vascular access cannulation in haemodialysis patients","volume":"13","author":"Dinis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nursing Reports (Pavia, Italy)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0011","first-page":"1","article-title":"The sensitivity and selectivity of the visual analog scale and the verbal rating scale in the assessment of postoperative pain","volume":"8","author":"Eti Aslan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Intensive Care Nursing"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.3109\/09638280902887768","article-title":"Systematic review of the effectiveness of mirror therapy in upper extremity function","volume":"31","author":"Ezendam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Disability and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1177\/11297298211067630","article-title":"Patients\u2019 experiences of cannulation of arteriovenous access for haemodialysis: A qualitative systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Fielding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Access"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001195","article-title":"Validity and reliability of a measurement of objective functional \u0131mpairment in lumbar degenerative disc disease: The timed up and go (TUG) test","volume":"79","author":"Gautschi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.229265","article-title":"Evaluation and comparison of the effects of Xyla-P cream and cold compress on the pain caused by the cannulation of arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients","volume":"29","author":"Ghoreyshi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0017","article-title":"CONSORT 2025 statement: Updated guideline for reporting randomised trials","volume":"389","author":"Hopewell","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103913","article-title":"Evaluation of the pain scale during arteriovenous fistula puncture with and without lidocaine gel 2% in patients undergoing haemodialysis in Kosovo","volume":"79","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-9987.12914","article-title":"Relationship among coping strategies, quality of life, and anxiety and depressive disorders in hemodialysis patients","volume":"24","author":"I\u015f\u0131k Ulusoy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(89)90005-6","article-title":"Measurement of health status. Ascertaining the minimal clinically important difference","volume":"10","author":"Jaeschke","year":"1989","journal-title":"Controlled Clinical Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2020.102326","article-title":"Effect of cryotherapy on arteriovenous fistula puncture-related pain in hemodialysis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Jafari-Koulaee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Complementary Therapies in Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12979","article-title":"Pain on arteriovenous fistula cannulation: A narrative review","volume":"34","author":"Kosmadakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Seminars in Dialysis"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.12.001","article-title":"KDOQI clinical practice guideline for vascular access: 2019 update","volume":"75","author":"Lok","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0024","first-page":"31","article-title":"Effect of mirror therapy on arteriovenous fistula cannulation-related pain severity in hemodialysis patients","volume":"9","author":"Malayjerdy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evidenced Based Care Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611398496","article-title":"Visual distortion of body size modulates pain perception","volume":"22","author":"Mancini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13051490","article-title":"Effect of mirror therapy on post-needling pain following deep dry needling of myofascial trigger point in lateral elbow pain: Prospective controlled pilot trial","volume":"13","author":"Mart\u00edn P\u00e9rez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1177\/0898010117736686","article-title":"Spiritual well-being, depression, and stress among hemodialysis patients in Jordan","volume":"36","author":"Musa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Holistic Nursing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1177\/11297298231225755","article-title":"Effects of virtual reality on pain induced by arteriovenous fistula needle insertion in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"26","author":"Namazinia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Access"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MLR.0000062554.74615.4C","article-title":"Interpretation of changes in health-related quality of life: The remarkable universality of half a standard deviation","volume":"41","author":"Norman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0032","series-title":"State-Trait Anxiety Inventory manual","author":"\u00d6ner","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17449871251364711","article-title":"Effect of cold needle application on the arteriovenous fistula cannulation-related pain: A self-controlled, double-blind study","author":"Ozen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Nursing: JRN"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.13102","article-title":"Effects of using a stress ball on anxiety and depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A prospective, balanced, single-blind, crossover study","volume":"27","author":"Ozen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hemodialysis International"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jorc.70028","article-title":"Efficacy of \u0131nterventions to reduce arteriovenous fistula cannulation-related pain in patients undergoing haemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Ozen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Renal Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0036","first-page":"6","article-title":"Effects of long-term administration of \u0131nhaled lavender during hemodialysis on patients\u2019 \u0131nvasive pain, anxiety, and comfort during cannulation: A single-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Ozen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.13044","article-title":"Effect of the arterial needle bevel position on puncture pain and postremoval bleeding time in hemodialysis patients: A self-controlled, single-blind study","volume":"26","author":"Ozen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hemodialysis International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0038","volume":"2","author":"Pallant","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)90097-3","article-title":"A comparison of pain measurement characteristics of mechanical visual analogue and simple numerical rating scales","volume":"56","author":"Price","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/nuf.12447","article-title":"Effects of sweet orange aromatherapy on pain and anxiety during needle insertion among patients undergoing hemodialysis: A quasi-experimental study","volume":"55","author":"Reyes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nursing Forum"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2021.01.009","article-title":"Effect of lavender aromatherapy on arteriovenous fistula puncture pain and the level of state and trait anxiety in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"\u015eahin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Management Nursing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2018.02.001","article-title":"Editor\u2019s choice \u2013 Vascular access: 2018 clinical practice guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)","volume":"55","author":"Schmidli","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2017.08.002","article-title":"The effect of self-selected soothing music on fistula puncture-related pain in hemodialysis patients","volume":"29","author":"Shabandokht-Zarmi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0044","series-title":"Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory","author":"Spielberger","year":"1970"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1177\/1129729818809013","article-title":"Thermotherapy: Improving the vascular access cannulation procedure","volume":"20","author":"Tapia Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular Access"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.10.015","article-title":"The efficacy of movement representation techniques for treatment of limb pain\u2014A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Thieme","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.07.012","article-title":"The cerebral signature for pain perception and its modulation","volume":"55","author":"Tracey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.63.11.1000","article-title":"Mirror therapy: A potential intervention for pain management","volume":"63","author":"Wittkopf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)"}],"container-title":["Pain Management Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1524904226000962?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1524904226000962?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T04:39:58Z","timestamp":1793939998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1524904226000962"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1524904226000962"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-9042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-9042","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of Mirror Therapy on Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation-Related Pain and Anxiety: Randomized Controlled Trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pain Management Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmn.2026.03.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}