{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T02:01:17Z","timestamp":1762567277390,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T17:30:07Z","timestamp":1760635807000},"page":"87-98","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ultrasound Applications in Adaptive Sports Medicine"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Niran","family":"Vijayaraghavan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"Kasitinon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Casey","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Berdale","family":"Colorado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib1","first-page":"151","article-title":"American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) position statement: interventional musculoskeletal ultrasound in sports medicine","volume":"7","author":"Finnoff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharm Manag PM R"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2019.01.012","article-title":"Ultrasound in sports medicine","volume":"57","author":"Spicer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib3","first-page":"e1","article-title":"American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) recommended sports ultrasound curriculum for sports medicine fellowships","volume":"7","author":"Finnoff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharm Manag PM R"},{"issue":"8 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib4","first-page":"S18","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of Paralympic sports injuries","volume":"6","author":"Webborn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharm Manag PM R"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2019.12.012","article-title":"Shoulder MR imaging versus ultrasound: how to choose","volume":"28","author":"Gimarc","year":"2020","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imag Clin N Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.05.015","article-title":"Shoulder ultrasound abnormalities, physical examination findings, and pain in manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury","volume":"89","author":"Brose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib7","first-page":"920","article-title":"Effect of an intense wheelchair propulsion task on quantitative ultrasound of shoulder tendons","volume":"2","author":"Collinger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharm Manag PM R"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.19.2.161","article-title":"Ultrasonographic evaluation of the shoulder in elite wheelchair tennis players","volume":"19","author":"Jeon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002875","article-title":"Shoulder pain, function, and ultrasound-determined structure in elite wheelchair-using para athletes: an observational study","volume":"54","author":"Blauwet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib10","first-page":"551","article-title":"Shoulder pain and ultrasound findings: a comparison study of wheelchair athletes, nonathletic wheelchair users, and nonwheelchair users","volume":"14","author":"Soo Hoo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharm Manag PM R"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2020.1771243","article-title":"Prevalence of lateral epicondylosis in veteran manual wheelchair users participating in adaptive sports","volume":"45","author":"Cyr","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0243324","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243324","article-title":"The prevalence of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow and ulnar nerve dislocation in recreational wheelchair marathon athletes","volume":"15","author":"Kakita","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23900","article-title":"Neuromuscular ultrasound in common entrapment neuropathies","volume":"48","author":"Cartwright","year":"2013","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27460","article-title":"Evidence-based guideline: neuromuscular ultrasound for the diagnosis of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow","volume":"65","author":"Shook","year":"2022","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-016-9327-x","article-title":"Ulnar neuropathy: evaluation and management","volume":"9","author":"Dy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002167","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome in athletes who compete in wheelchair sport: a scoping review","volume":"102","author":"Marriott","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.46292\/sci20-00061","article-title":"Upper extremity overuse injuries and obesity after spinal cord injury","volume":"27","author":"Vives Alvarado","year":"2021","journal-title":"Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2009.02.019","article-title":"Ultrasonographic median nerve changes after a wheelchair sporting event","volume":"90","author":"Impink","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23389","article-title":"Evidence-based guideline: neuromuscular ultrasound for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"46","author":"Cartwright","year":"2012","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e320","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12175","article-title":"Sports-related injuries in athletes with disabilities","volume":"24","author":"Fagher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(00)90086-8","article-title":"Soft tissue injuries to USA paralympians at the 1996 summer games","volume":"81","author":"Nyland","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib22","first-page":"239","article-title":"Sports injuries in Brazilian blind footballers","volume":"34","author":"Magno e Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31827f06f3","article-title":"Sports injuries in paralympic track and field athletes with visual impairment","volume":"45","author":"Magno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002202","article-title":"Prevalence of residual limb pain and symptomatic neuromas after lower extremity amputation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"162","author":"List","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e3182971269","article-title":"The utility of musculoskeletal ultrasound in rehabilitation settings","volume":"92","author":"Ozcakar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib26","series-title":"The hip and pelvis in sports medicine and primary care","first-page":"171","article-title":"Hip and pelvis injuries in special populations","author":"Feldman","year":"2016"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib27","first-page":"483","article-title":"[Use of ultrasonography methods in the diagnosis of neurogenic paraosteoarthropathy in spinal cord injury]","volume":"86","author":"Pistarini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Recent Progress Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib28","first-page":"40","article-title":"Sonographic diagnosis of heterotopic bone formation in spinal injury patients","volume":"31","author":"Cassar-Pullicino","year":"1993","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-014-1944-0","article-title":"Perspective on imaging services at the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games","volume":"43","author":"Bethapudi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Skelet Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-093386","article-title":"Imaging services at the paralympic games London 2012: analysis of demand and distribution of workload","volume":"49","author":"Bethapudi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6768","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-07802-3","article-title":"Sports injuries at the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Paralympic Games: use of diagnostic imaging services","volume":"31","author":"Jarraya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2018.07.019","article-title":"Challenges of imaging injured paralympic athletes","volume":"108","author":"S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002367","article-title":"Noteworthy performance of muscle-injured para-athletes: a study of magnetic resonance imaging-detected muscle injuries at the Tokyo 2020 summer paralympic games","volume":"103","author":"Katagiri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib34","article-title":"Ultrasound imaging in sport-related muscle injuries: pitfalls and opportunities","volume":"57","author":"Paoletta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib35","series-title":"Muscle injuries in sport athletes: clinical essentials and imaging findings","first-page":"83","article-title":"Imaging semiology: ultrasound and MRI in the assessment of muscle injury","author":"Roemer","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2010.12.002","article-title":"Ultrasound of skeletal muscle injury: an update","volume":"32","author":"Woodhouse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Ultrasound CT MR"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2021.05.013","article-title":"Ultrasound in sports injuries","volume":"40","author":"French","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib38","first-page":"74","article-title":"\u201cBoosting\u201d performance in disability sport","volume":"33","author":"Webborn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2010.505678","article-title":"Boosting in athletes with high-level spinal cord injury: knowledge, incidence and attitudes of athletes in paralympic sport","volume":"32","author":"Bhambhani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/life14101250","article-title":"Diaphragmatic ultrasonography in sports performance: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Payan-Salcedo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12070","article-title":"Effects of inspiratory muscle training on exercise responses in paralympic athletes with cervical spinal cord injury","volume":"24","author":"West","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3673","DOI":"10.1113\/JP277943","article-title":"Respiratory muscle training in athletes with cervical spinal cord injury: effects on cardiopulmonary function and exercise capacity","volume":"597","author":"Gee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.101","article-title":"Low-echoic lesions underneath the skin in subjects with spinal-cord injury","volume":"47","author":"Kanno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2014.01.002","article-title":"Factors associated with deep tissue injury in male wheelchair basketball players of a Japanese national team","author":"Hirotaka Mutsuzaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology"}],"container-title":["Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047965125000683?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047965125000683?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T01:56:52Z","timestamp":1762567012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1047965125000683"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047965125000683"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9651"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1047-9651"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ultrasound Applications in Adaptive Sports Medicine","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmr.2025.08.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}