{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T22:20:18Z","timestamp":1789942818316,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,27]],"date-time":"2018-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PM&amp;R"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Cell\u2010based therapies have been the subject of much discussion regarding their potential role in enhancing central nervous system function for a number of pathologic conditions. Much of the current research has been in preclinical trials, with clinical trials in the phase I or I\/II stage. Nevertheless, there is considerable interest in the public about the potential regenerative role that stem cells may have in improving function for these neurologic conditions. This review will describe the different types of stem cells that are available, review their possible effects, and discuss some of the variables that investigators need to consider when designing their studies. Current clinical research in the areas of stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson disease) will be reviewed. As this article is aimed at a rehabilitation audience, outcome measures, and the role of concurrent rehabilitation therapies will also be mentioned.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2018.07.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,27]],"date-time":"2018-09-27T23:07:18Z","timestamp":1538089638000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A Review of Stem Cell Therapy for Acquired Brain Injuries and Neurodegenerative Central Nervous System Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Thomas K.","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2017.00052"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2006.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2009.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-10-106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-04-1193"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","unstructured":"Cellular and gene therapy guidances. US Food and Drug Administration. Available athttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/BiologicsBloodVaccines\/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation\/Guidances\/CellularandGeneTherapy\/default.htm. Last updated April 10 \u20092018."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev229"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089771504772695922"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/564089"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"1255","article-title":"Tracking stem cell migration and survival in brain injury: Current approaches and future prospects","volume":"27","author":"Darkazalli A.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Histo Histopathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000485"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt519"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S25745"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","first-page":"2928","article-title":"Intravenously delivered neural stem cells migrate into ischemic brain, differentiate and improve functional recovery after transient ischemic stroke in adult rats","volume":"8","author":"Cheng Y.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5607\/en.2017.26.1.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-016-0482-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2017-000070"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30046-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.007028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"Intra\u2010arterial delivery of autologous ALDHbr cells in ischemic stroke: Final 1\u2010year results of the RECOVER\u2010Stroke trial","volume":"10","author":"Yavagal D.R.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.012995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30513-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0643-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Traumatic brain injury and concussion.2014. Available athttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/traumaticbraininjury\/severe.html. Reviewed and updated July 6 \u20092017."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(01)00769-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.07.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1526"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31822629ba"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2012.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","first-page":"3613","article-title":"Safety of neural stem cell transplantation in patients with severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"13","author":"Wang Z.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e318207734c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.2012.0053"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70471-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10720"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1747"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0393"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/1105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-015-1400-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt421"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-017-0227-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.10.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.592521"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2009.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3727\/096368916X693716"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_2","first-page":"CD011742","article-title":"Cell\u2010based therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis\/motor neuron disease","volume":"11","author":"Abdul Wahid S.F.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-312036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_2","first-page":"675","article-title":"Combining enriched environment and induced pluripotent stem cell therapy results in improved cognitive and motor function following traumatic brain injury","volume":"32","author":"Dunkerson J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1542"}],"container-title":["PM&amp;R"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1016%2Fj.pmrj.2018.07.008","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S193414821830385X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S193414821830385X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.pmrj.2018.07.008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T06:52:07Z","timestamp":1694674327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.pmrj.2018.07.008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9S2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.pmrj.2018.07.008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmrj.2018.07.008","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1934-1482","1934-1563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1934-1482","type":"print"},{"value":"1934-1563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-03-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-09-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}