{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:30:03Z","timestamp":1789785003889,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]],"date-time":"2012-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]],"date-time":"2012-05-10T13:25:02Z","timestamp":1336656302000},"page":"244-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Cardiovascular toxicity of novel psychoactive drugs: Lessons from the past"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Dawson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James D.","family":"Moffatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.07.001","article-title":"Khat chewing, cardiovascular diseases and other internal medical problems: the current situation and directions for future research","volume":"132","author":"Al-Motarreb","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02358.x","article-title":"Khat chewing is a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction: a case control study","volume":"59","author":"Al-Motarreb","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711335105","article-title":"Arresting serotonin","volume":"105","author":"Abbas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3109\/02770906509106904","article-title":"Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25): XXXVIII. Comparison with action of methysergide and psilocybin on test subjects","volume":"3","author":"Abrahamson","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Asthma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.2.408","article-title":"Cloning of another human serotonin receptor (5-HT1F): a fifth 5-HT1 receptor subtype coupled to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase","volume":"90","author":"Adham","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0030","first-page":"e86","article-title":"Acute coronary syndrome presenting after pseudoephedrine use and regression with beta-blocker therapy","volume":"24","author":"Akay","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7195070","article-title":"Phencyclidine, lysergic acid diethylamide, and mescaline: cerebral artery spasms and hallucinogenic activity","volume":"212","author":"Altura","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0b013e3181a3cb53","article-title":"Cerebral vasculopathy after 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine ingestion","volume":"16","author":"Ambrose","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2008.11.001","article-title":"A fatal poisoning involving bromo-dragonfly","volume":"183","author":"Andreasen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.007","article-title":"Piperazine compounds as drugs of abuse","volume":"122","author":"Arbo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680009300913","article-title":"A flux of the reds: evolution of active management of the third stage of labour","volume":"93","author":"Basket","year":"2000","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"Suppl.2\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0060","article-title":"The development of oxytocic drugs in the management of postpartum haemorrhage","author":"Basket","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ulster Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.08.051","article-title":"The selective dopamine uptake inhibitor, D-84, suppresses cocaine self-administration, but does not occasion cocaine-like levels of generalization","volume":"648","author":"Batman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.304","article-title":"The designer methcathinone analogs, mephedrone and methylone, are substrates for monoamine transporters in brain tissue","volume":"37","author":"Baumann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurospsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1316.024","article-title":"Effects of \u201cLegal X\u201d piperazine analogs on dopamine and serotonin release in rat brain","volume":"1025","author":"Baumann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2011.tb03043.x","article-title":"Cough mixture dependence and stroke: implications for pseudoephedrine regulation","volume":"194","author":"Bharatula","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60252-X","article-title":"Drug-induced fibrotic valvular heart disease","volume":"374","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01595.x","article-title":"Triptan use as a function of cardiovascular risk. A population-based study","volume":"50","author":"Bigal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1097\/00045391-199705000-00008","article-title":"Clinical pharmacology of lysergic acid diethylamide: case reports and review of the treatment of intoxication","volume":"4","author":"Blaho","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.02.011","article-title":"A web-based survey on mephedrone","volume":"118","author":"Carhart-Harris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881111431752","article-title":"4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B): presence in the recreational drug market in Spain, pattern of use and subjective effects","author":"Caudevilla-Galligo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-009-9036-4","article-title":"ST elevation myocardial infarction presenting after use of pseudoephedrine","volume":"9","author":"Celik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)05630-7","article-title":"The action of ephedrine, the active principle of the Chinese drug Ma Huang","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"1924","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"3830","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.3830.978","article-title":"Ephedrine and pseudo-ephedrine in asthma, bronchial asthma, and enuresis","volume":"1","author":"Christopherson","year":"1934","journal-title":"Brit Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02564.x","article-title":"A review of the clinical pharmacology of methamphetamine","volume":"104","author":"Cruickshank","year":"2009","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(90)90109-L","article-title":"m-CPP: a tool for studying behavioural responses associated with 5-HT1C receptors","volume":"11","author":"Curzon","year":"1990","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.07.040","article-title":"Agonist-directed trafficking of signalling at serotonin 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C-VSV receptors mediated Gq\/11 activation and calcium mobilisation in CHO cells","volume":"594","author":"Cussac","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d1629","article-title":"Banned but still available on the internet","volume":"342","author":"De Paoli","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881111430733","article-title":"Desoxypipradrol is more potent than cocaine on evoked dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens","author":"Davidson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcq056","article-title":"Purchasing \u2018legal highs\u2019 on the Internet \u2014 is there consistency in what you get?","volume":"103","author":"Davies","year":"2010","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61138-0","article-title":"Addiction I: extent of illicit drug use and dependence, and their contribution to the global burden of disease","volume":"379","author":"Degenhardt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01369.x","article-title":"Ischemic colitis associated with pseudoephedrine: four cases","volume":"94","author":"Dowd","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.42.1.143","article-title":"Pharmacological analysis of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in isolated intracranial and extracranial vessels of cat and man","volume":"42","author":"Edvinsson","year":"1978","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(98)00070-0","article-title":"Effects of mCPP on the extracellular concentrations of serotonin and dopamine in rat brain","volume":"20","author":"Eriksson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0180","series-title":"Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe. Lisbon, Portugal","author":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2005.12.015","article-title":"Hallucinogen-like actions of 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine in mice and rats","volume":"83","author":"Fantegrossi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-009-1694-1","article-title":"The serotonin 5-HT2A agonist TCB-2: a behavioural and neurophysiological analysis","volume":"212","author":"Fox","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(85)90067-2","article-title":"A fatal poisoning with LSD","volume":"28","author":"Fysh","year":"1985","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/22.5.345","article-title":"2C-B: a new psychoactive phenylethylamine recently discovered in Ecstasy tablets sold on the Swiss black market","volume":"22","author":"Giroud","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-010-0065-7","article-title":"Catecholamines 101","volume":"20","author":"Goldstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.55.3.3","article-title":"The pharmacology and clinical pharmacology of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, \u201cEcstasy\u201d)","volume":"55","author":"Green","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.207","article-title":"Gaddum and LSD: the birth and growth of experimental and clinical neuropharmacology research on 5-HT in the UK","volume":"154","author":"Green","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-6723.2008.01114.x","article-title":"Amphetamines and related drugs of abuse","volume":"20","author":"Greene","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg Med Australas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0225","first-page":"CS12","article-title":"Myocardial infarction with normal arteriogram: the role of ephedrine-like alkaloids","volume":"10","author":"Grze\u015bk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2006.05.044","article-title":"An overview of non-cardiac toxicity","volume":"32","author":"Glauser","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1830","article-title":"ADHD medications and risk of serious cardiovascular events in young and middle-aged adults","volume":"306","author":"Habel","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2009.00548.x","article-title":"Ergot: from witchcraft to biotechnology","volume":"10","author":"Haarmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Plant Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.111.184119","article-title":"4-Methylcathinone (mephedrone): neuropharmacological effects of a designer stimulant of abuse","volume":"339","author":"Hadlock","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.01.017","article-title":"Multiple receptors contribute to the behavioral effects of indoleamine hallucinogens","volume":"61","author":"Halberstadt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200012213432502","article-title":"Adverse cardiovascular and central nervous system events associated with dietary supplements containing ephedra alkaloids","volume":"343","author":"Haller","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0260","first-page":"966","article-title":"Use of a prescribed ephedrine\/caffeine as combination and the risk of serious cardiovascular events: a registry-based case-crossover study","volume":"168","author":"Hallas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00053-4","article-title":"Comparison of subjective, physiological, and psychomotor effects of atomoxetine and methylphenidate in light drug users","volume":"67","author":"Heil","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"5598","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5598.160","article-title":"Ephedrine psychosis","volume":"2","author":"Herridge","year":"1968","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.13.6.370","article-title":"Management of drug abuse emergencies","volume":"13","author":"Henry","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Accid Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2011.615318","article-title":"Clinical toxicology of newer recreational drugs","volume":"49","author":"Hill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-200603000-00005","article-title":"Lisuride, a dopamine receptor agonist with 5-HT2B receptor antagonist properties: absence of cardiac valvulopathy adverse drug reaction reports supports the concept of a crucial role for 5-HT2B receptor agonism in cardiac valvular fibrosis","volume":"29","author":"Hofmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2011.03.008","article-title":"Serotonin receptors and heart valve disease \u2014 it was meant 2B","volume":"132","author":"Hutcheson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000803600534","article-title":"Postpartum severe sinus bradycardia following methylergonovine administration","volume":"36","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)23232-3","article-title":"Effect of 1-(m-chlorophenyl)piperazine and 1-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine on locomotor activity","volume":"249","author":"Lucki","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2005.12.004","article-title":"5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors in the human cardiovascular system","volume":"111","author":"Kaumann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2007.01874.x","article-title":"Methamphetamine and cardiovascular pathology: a review of the evidence","volume":"102","author":"Kaye","year":"2007","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x","article-title":"Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats","volume":"164","author":"Kehr","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0320","first-page":"183","article-title":"Coma and hyperthermia and bleeding associated with massive LSD overdose","volume":"120","author":"Klock","year":"1973","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.85.2.407","article-title":"The effects of acute and chronic cocaine use on the heart","volume":"85","author":"Kloner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000092917.96558.3C","article-title":"The sympathomimetic actions of l-ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine: direct receptor activation or norepinephrine release?","volume":"97","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0335","first-page":"99","article-title":"Cardiovascular complications of cocaine abuse","volume":"115","author":"Lange","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200108023450507","article-title":"Cardiovascular complications of cocaine use","volume":"345","author":"Lange","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.090035","article-title":"Pressor responses to ephedrine are mediated by a direct mechanism in the rat","volume":"316","author":"Liles","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pharm Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-3623(92)90301-Y","article-title":"The action of the psychoactive drug 2C-B on isolated rat aorta","volume":"23","author":"Lobos","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gen Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5794","DOI":"10.1021\/jm060656o","article-title":"1-Aminomethybenzocycloalkanes: conformationally restricted hallucinogenic phenethylamine analogues as functionally selective 5-HT2A receptor agonists","volume":"49","author":"McLean","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.07.003","article-title":"Acute myocardial infarction after over-the-counter use of pseudoephedrine","volume":"45","author":"Manini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.07.009","article-title":"Interaction of mephedrone with dopamine and serotonin targets in rats","volume":"22","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Clemente","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-008-0322-7","article-title":"Current and prospective pharmacological targets in relation to antimigraine action","volume":"378","author":"Mehrotra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.44.6.508","article-title":"Ephedrine-type alkaloid-containing dietary supplements and substance dependence","volume":"44","author":"Miller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.99.2.51","article-title":"Life threatening abdominal complications following cocaine abuse","volume":"99","author":"Moghal","year":"2006","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2997","DOI":"10.1021\/jm970219x","article-title":"Dihydrobenzofuran analogues of hallucinogens. 4. Mescaline derivatives","volume":"40","author":"Monte","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707473","article-title":"Comparative potencies of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) analogues as inhibitors of [3H]noradrenaline and [3H]5-HT transport in mammalian cell lines","volume":"152","author":"Montgomery","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2004.08.007","article-title":"Ecstasy: pharmacology and neurotoxicity","volume":"5","author":"Morton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.117507","article-title":"Functional selectivity of hallucinogenic phenethylamine and phenylisopropylamine derivatives at human 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A and 5-HT2C receptors","volume":"321","author":"Moya","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-011-0196-9","article-title":"Death following recreational use of designer drug \u201cbath salts\u201d containing 3,4-methenedioxypyrovalerone","volume":"8","author":"Murray","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.11.075","article-title":"The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain","volume":"559","author":"Nagai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2004.08.005","article-title":"Functions of 5-HT2A receptor and its antagonists in the cardiovascular system","volume":"104","author":"Nagatomo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1D408","article-title":"Epherdra-associated cardiomyopathy","volume":"38","author":"Naik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.108.143701","article-title":"Selective suppression of cocaine- versus food-maintained responding by monoamine releasers in rhesus monkeys: benzylpiperazine, (+)phenmetrazine, and 4-benzylpiperidine","volume":"329","author":"Negus","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00005000","article-title":"Agonist activity of anti-migraine drugs at recombinant human 5-HT1A receptors: potential implications for prophylactic and acute therapy","volume":"355","author":"Newman-Tancredi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.30.2328","article-title":"In vitro screening of psychoactive drugs by [35S]GTP\u03b3S binding in rat brain membranes","volume":"30","author":"Nonaka","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2010.03629.x","article-title":"Role of voltage\u2010gated sodium, potassium and calcium channels in the development of cocaine-associated cardiac arrhythmias","volume":"69","author":"O'Leary","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2010.07.007","article-title":"How ephedrine escaped regulation in the United States: a historical review of misuse and associated policy","volume":"99","author":"Palamar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5949.2008.00059.x","article-title":"The pharmacology of lysergic acid diethylamide: a review","volume":"14","author":"Passie","year":"2008","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0455","series-title":"Beta2-agonists in asthma treatment","first-page":"1","article-title":"On the history of sympathomimetics in asthma","author":"Persson","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32834a4ce9","article-title":"Cardiovascular manifestations of phaeochromoctyoma","volume":"29","author":"Prejbisz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-011-0193-z","article-title":"The toxicity of bath salts: a review of synthetic cathinones","volume":"8","author":"Prosser","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0470","series-title":"Bromo-dragonfly report","author":"Psychonaut Web Mapping Research Group","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0475","series-title":"Mephedrone report","author":"Psychonaut Web Mapping Research Group","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.4.502","article-title":"Cocaine use and the likelihood of nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke: data from the third national health and nutrition survey","volume":"103","author":"Qureshi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705725","article-title":"The complexities of the cardiovascular actions of cannabinoids","volume":"142","author":"Randall","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1093\/jhmas\/jrj039","article-title":"Making the first anti-depressant: amphetamine in American Medicine, 1929\u20131950","volume":"61","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hist Med Allied Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2008.05.008","article-title":"Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in the treatment of extensive LSD-induced lower extremity vasospasm refractory to pharmacologic therapy","volume":"19","author":"Raval","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2010.103093","article-title":"Mephedrone toxicity in a Scottish emergency department","volume":"28","author":"Regan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1007\/s002109900095","article-title":"Bovine isolated middle cerebral artery contractions to antimigraine drugs","volume":"360","author":"Roon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/WNF.0b013e3181a9163c","article-title":"The neurobiology of addictive disorders","volume":"32","author":"Ross","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.053975","article-title":"In vitro characterization of ephedrine-related stereoisomers at biogenic amine transporters and the receptorome reveals selective actions as norepinephrine transporter substrates","volume":"307","author":"Rothman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pharm Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7258(02)00234-6","article-title":"Therapeutic and adverse actions of serotonin transporter substrates","volume":"95","author":"Rothman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2836","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.23.2836","article-title":"Evidence for possible involvement of 5-HT2B receptors in the cardiac valvulopathy associated with fenfluramine and other serotonergic medications","volume":"102","author":"Rothman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4065\/77.1.12","article-title":"Adverse cardiovascular events temporally associated with Ma Huang, a herbal source of ephedrine","volume":"77","author":"Samenuk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.5688\/aj700598","article-title":"Ergot and its alkaloids","volume":"70","author":"Schiff","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.940569","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of cocaine","volume":"122","author":"Schwartz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.63.6.1223","article-title":"3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, \u201cEcstasy\u201d) induces fenfluramine-like proliferative actions on human cardiac valvular interstitial cells in vitro","volume":"63","author":"Setola","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0550","first-page":"363","article-title":"N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (DIPT) and 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltrypamine (5-MeO-DIPT). Two orally active tryptamine analogs with CNS activity","volume":"4","author":"Shulgin","year":"1980","journal-title":"Commun Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.12.013","article-title":"The first provocative test for coronary artery spasm at the Cleveland Clinic","volume":"105","author":"Siegel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199212000-00013","article-title":"Pharmacologic considerations in the treatment of substance abuse","volume":"85","author":"Skinner","year":"1992","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2007.02.007","article-title":"5-Methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (Foxy), a selective and high affinity inhibitor of serotonin","volume":"170","author":"Sogawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2003.07.006","article-title":"Safety of Ephedra: lessons learned","volume":"150","author":"Soni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2011.590812","article-title":"Clinical experience with and analytical confirmation of \u201cbath salts\u201d and \u201clegal highs\u201d (synthetic cathinones) in the United States","volume":"49","author":"Spiller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2005.11.026","article-title":"A fatal poisoning with 5-methyoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine, Foxy","volume":"163","author":"Tanaka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2006.055970","article-title":"Cocaine use and abuse","volume":"83","author":"Treadwell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(72)90159-3","article-title":"The determination of LSD in human plasma following oral administration","volume":"36","author":"Upshall","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin Chem Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R252","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90676.2008","article-title":"The love of a lifetime: 5-HT in the cardiovascular system","volume":"296","author":"Watts","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.01.027","article-title":"Acute myocardial infarction in young adults who abuse amphetamines","volume":"96","author":"Westover","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.04.017","article-title":"A foxy intoxication","volume":"148","author":"Wilson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62021-1","article-title":"Mephedrone: still available and twice the price","volume":"376","author":"Winstock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2010.092288","article-title":"Clinical pattern of toxicity associated with the novel synthetic cathinone mephedrone","volume":"28","author":"Wood","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-011-1142-0","article-title":"A case series of individuals with analytically confirmed acute diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinemethanol (D2PM) toxicity","volume":"68","author":"Wood","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.10.033","article-title":"Effects of MDMA and related analogues on plasma 5-HT: relevance to 5-HT transporters in blood and brain","volume":"674","author":"Yubero-Lahoz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278584612001054?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278584612001054?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T18:52:15Z","timestamp":1743101535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0278584612001054"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"references-count":124,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0278584612001054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.05.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-5846"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-5846","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}}}