{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T17:27:37Z","timestamp":1763141257096,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":164,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010089","name":"JGW Patterson Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009670","name":"National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009670","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T19:56:56Z","timestamp":1572897416000},"page":"109777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Meta-analysis of placebo group dropout in adult antidepressant trials"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Fenghua","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madeeha","family":"Nasir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baris","family":"Olten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Bloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4088","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of duloxetine in the treatment of older adult patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Alaka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1999.tb10845.x","article-title":"Paroxetine in social anxiety disorder: a randomized placebo-controlled study","volume":"100","author":"Allgulander","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.9.1642","article-title":"Efficacy of sertraline in a 12-week trial for generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"161","author":"Allgulander","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.602","article-title":"Efficacy of venlafaxine ER in patients with social anxiety disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparison with paroxetine","volume":"19","author":"Allgulander","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145711001027","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, active reference study of Lu AA21004 in patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"15","author":"Alvarez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145706006602","article-title":"Fluvoxamine treatment of generalized social anxiety disorder in Japan: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"10","author":"Asakura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00265-7","article-title":"Fluvoxamine in the treatment of panic disorder: a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in outpatients","volume":"103","author":"Asnis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.175.2.120","article-title":"Paroxetine in social phobia\/social anxiety disorder. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Paroxetine study group","volume":"175","author":"Baldwin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.105.012799","article-title":"Escitalopram and paroxetine in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder: randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study","volume":"189","author":"Baldwin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.11.008","article-title":"A randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, duloxetine-referenced, fixed-dose study of three dosages of Lu AA21004 in acute treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD)","volume":"22","author":"Baldwin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.1.36","article-title":"Double-blind, fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study of paroxetine in the treatment of panic disorder","volume":"155","author":"Ballenger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9789","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60830-1","article-title":"Sertraline or mirtazapine for depression in dementia (HTA-SADD): a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"378","author":"Banerjee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta17070","article-title":"Study of the use of antidepressants for depression in dementia: the HTA-SADD trial--a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of sertraline and mirtazapine","volume":"17","author":"Banerjee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health. Tchnol. Assess. (Winchester, England)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2013-203104","article-title":"Meta-analysis of prevalence","volume":"67","author":"Barendregt","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Commun. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-014-9700-x","article-title":"Performance of nonlinear mixed effects models in the presence of informative dropout","volume":"17","author":"Bj\u00f6rnsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"AAPS J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820130046008","article-title":"A comparison of fluvoxamine, cognitive therapy, and placebo in the treatment of panic disorder","volume":"50","author":"Black","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2007.03.001","article-title":"Paroxetine reduces social anxiety in individuals with a co-occurring alcohol use disorder","volume":"22","author":"Book","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Anxiety Disord."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20355","article-title":"Randomized placebo-controlled trial of escitalopram and venlafaxine XR in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"25","author":"Bose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Depression. Anxiety"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000018","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of vortioxetine (Lu AA21004), 15 and 20 mg\/day: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, duloxetine-referenced study in the acute treatment of adult patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"29","author":"Boulenger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e32830cebed","article-title":"Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of fixed-dose desvenlafaxine 50 and 100 mg\/day for major depressive disorder in a placebo-controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Boyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.187.4.352","article-title":"Venlafaxine extended-release capsules in panic disorder: flexible-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"187","author":"Bradwejn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n0603","article-title":"Sertraline treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"67","author":"Brawman-Mintzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1001\/2013.jamapsychiatry.32","article-title":"The sertraline vs. electrical current therapy for treating depression clinical study: results from a factorial, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"70","author":"Brunoni","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0410","article-title":"Fixed-dose trial of the single isomer SSRI escitalopram in depressed outpatients","volume":"63","author":"Burke","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(95)00014-E","article-title":"A double-blind placebo-controlled study of Org 3770 in depressed outpatients","volume":"34","author":"Claghorn","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Affect. Fisorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n0507","article-title":"Bupropion extended release compared with escitalopram: effects on sexual functioning and antidepressant efficacy in 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies","volume":"67","author":"Clayton","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12m08065","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of desvenlafaxine 50 mg\/d in a randomized, placebo-controlled study of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with major depressive disorder","volume":"74","author":"Clayton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.13m08978","article-title":"Desvenlafaxine 50 and 100 mg\/d versus placebo for the treatment of major depressive disorder: a phase 4, randomized controlled trial","volume":"76","author":"Clayton","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(01)80090-4","article-title":"A placebo-controlled comparison of the effects on sexual functioning of bupropion sustained release and fluoxetine","volume":"23","author":"Coleman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20695","article-title":"Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active comparator and placebo-controlled trial of a corticotropin-releasing factor receptor-1 antagonist in generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"27","author":"Coric","year":"2010","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20695","article-title":"Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active comparator and placebo-controlled trial of a corticotropin-releasing factor receptor-1 antagonist in generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"27","author":"Coric","year":"2010","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(2000)11:2<58::AID-DA2>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Comparison of pramipexole, fluoxetine, and placebo in patients with major depression","volume":"11","author":"Corrigan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(00)88317-4","article-title":"A placebo-controlled comparison of the antidepressant efficacy and effects on sexual functioning of sustained-release bupropion and sertraline","volume":"21","author":"Croft","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1291","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14m08992","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of vilazodone in major depressive disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"75","author":"Croft","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000106222.36344.96","article-title":"Fluvoxamine-controlled release formulation for the treatment of generalized social anxiety disorder","volume":"24","author":"Davidson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10146","article-title":"Escitalopram in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: double-blind, placebo controlled, flexible-dose study","volume":"19","author":"Davidson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.10.1005","article-title":"Fluoxetine, comprehensive cognitive behavioral therapy, and placebo in generalized social phobia","volume":"61","author":"Davidson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(02)00060-2","article-title":"Duloxetine 60 mg once daily dosing versus placebo in the acute treatment of major depression","volume":"36","author":"Detke","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2004.01.002","article-title":"Duloxetine in the acute and long-term treatment of major depressive disorder: a placebo- and paroxetine-controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Detke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03376.x","article-title":"A comparison of paroxetine and placebo in depressed outpatients","volume":"87","author":"Dunbar","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e31822c0a68","article-title":"Symptomatic and functional improvement in employed depressed patients: a double-blind clinical trial of desvenlafaxine versus placebo","volume":"31","author":"Dunlop","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(95)00178-8","article-title":"Sertraline safety and efficacy in major depression: a double-blind fixed-dose comparison with placebo","volume":"38","author":"Fabre","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0215","first-page":"119","article-title":"Fluvoxamine versus imipramine and placebo: a double-blind comparison in depressed patients","volume":"11","author":"Fabre","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000178416.60426.29","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized trial of St John\u2019s wort, fluoxetine, and placebo in major depressive disorder","volume":"25","author":"Fava","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clinical Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"S350","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0225","first-page":"125","article-title":"Paroxetine in the treatment of depression: a comparison with imipramine and placebo","volume":"80","author":"Feighner","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v60n1204","article-title":"Multicenter, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose study of citalopram in moderate-to-severe depression","volume":"60","author":"Feighner","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-198907000-00006","article-title":"A placebo-controlled inpatient comparison of fluvoxamine maleate and imipramine in major depression","volume":"4","author":"Feighner","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-198904000-00004","article-title":"A double-blind comparison of fluoxetine, imipramine and placebo in outpatients with major depression","volume":"4","author":"Feighner","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(93)90035-I","article-title":"A study comparing paroxetine placebo and imipramine in depressed patients","volume":"28","author":"Feighner","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.03.029","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow changes after treatment of social phobia with the neurokinin-1 antagonist GR205171, citalopram, or placebo","volume":"58","author":"Furmark","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-200503000-00001","article-title":"Discontinuation rates for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other second-generation antidepressants in outpatients with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Gartlehner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2011.609540","article-title":"Duloxetine versus placebo in the treatment of major depressive disorder and associated painful physical symptoms: a replication study","volume":"27","author":"Gaynor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2011.609539","article-title":"A randomized placebo-controlled trial of duloxetine in patients with major depressive disorder and associated painful physical symptoms","volume":"27","author":"Gaynor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3082","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.23.3082","article-title":"Efficacy of venlafaxine extended-release capsules in nondepressed outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder: A 6-month randomized controlled trial","volume":"283","author":"Gelenberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0309","article-title":"Duloxetine in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a double-blind clinical trial","volume":"63","author":"Goldstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000132448.65972.d9","article-title":"Duloxetine in the treatment of depression: a double-blind placebo-controlled comparison with paroxetine","volume":"24","author":"Goldstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1177\/003151259508100264","article-title":"Placebo washout is not a meaningful part of antidepressant drug trials","volume":"81","author":"Greenberg","year":"1995","journal-title":"Percept. Mot. Skills"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1995.03950160039008","article-title":"Double-blind parallel comparison of three dosages of sertraline and placebo in outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"52","author":"Greist","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.14.1807","article-title":"Effect of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) in major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"287","author":"Group, H.D.T.S","year":"2002","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09040458","article-title":"Last observation carried forward versus mixed models in the analysis of psychiatric clinical trials","volume":"166","author":"Hamer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am Psychiatric Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-013-3316-1","article-title":"A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of sertraline for postpartum depression","volume":"231","author":"Hantsoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e32807fb1b2","article-title":"Duloxetine as an SNRI treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: results from a placebo and active-controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Hartford","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-199300840-00007","article-title":"A double-blind trial of fluoxetine, 20 mg, and placebo in out-patients with DSM-III-R major depression and melancholia","volume":"8","author":"Heiligenstein","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108089602","article-title":"Eight-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind comparison of the antidepressant efficacy and tolerability of bupropion XR and venlafaxine XR","volume":"23","author":"Hewett","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108100254","article-title":"Double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of extended-release bupropion in elderly patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"24","author":"Hewett","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford, England)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881109106953","article-title":"Double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of the antidepressant efficacy and tolerability of bupropion XR and venlafaxine XR","volume":"24","author":"Hewett","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford, England)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199310000-00004","article-title":"Effect of fluvoxamine on panic disorder","volume":"13","author":"Hoehn-Saric","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0919","article-title":"Acute and long-term treatment and prevention of relapse of obsessive-compulsive disorder with paroxetine","volume":"64","author":"Hollander","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0919","article-title":"A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of controlled-release fluvoxamine in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"64","author":"Hollander","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31814b260d","article-title":"Treatment of post-myocardial infarction depressive disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial with mirtazapine","volume":"69","author":"Honig","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pra.0000426323.59698.64","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of desvenlafaxine 25 and 5050% shaded blockmg\/day in a randomized, placebo-controlled study of depressed outpatients","volume":"19","author":"Iwata","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Pract."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14m09335","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of vortioxetine 10 mg and 20 mg in adults with major depressive disorder","volume":"76","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2002.142","article-title":"Bupropion SR vs. placebo for weight loss in obese patients with depressive symptoms","volume":"10","author":"Jain","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obes. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145712000727","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 6-wk trial of the efficacy and tolerability of 5 mg vortioxetine in adults with major depressive disorder","volume":"16","author":"Jain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n0602","article-title":"Extended-release bupropion for patients with major depressive disorder presenting with symptoms of reduced energy, pleasure, and interest: findings from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"67","author":"Jefferson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.9.1209","article-title":"A controlled trial of fluvoxamine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: implications for a serotonergic theory","volume":"147","author":"Jenike","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.186.3.222","article-title":"Escitalopram in the treatment of social anxiety disorder: randomised, placebo-controlled, flexible-dosage study","volume":"186","author":"Kasper","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e32831d7980","article-title":"Efficacy of pregabalin and venlafaxine-XR in generalized anxiety disorder: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled 8-week trial","volume":"24","author":"Kasper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145714000017","article-title":"Lavender oil preparation Silexan is effective in generalized anxiety disorder--a randomized, double-blind comparison to placebo and paroxetine","volume":"17","author":"Kasper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e3283542457","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, duloxetine-referenced, fixed-dose study comparing the efficacy and safety of Lu AA21004 in elderly patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"27","author":"Katona","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.10m06596","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 8-week study of vilazodone, a serotonergic agent for the treatment of major depressive disorder","volume":"72","author":"Khan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200206000-00005","article-title":"Fluoxetine in social phobia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Kobak","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199904000-00013","article-title":"Placebo-controlled, multicenter study of sertraline treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"19","author":"Kronig","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20014","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of escitalopram in 12-and 24-week treatment of social anxiety disorder: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose study","volume":"19","author":"Lader","year":"2004","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.1.146","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of citalopram in the treatment of late-life anxiety disorders: results from an 8-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"162","author":"Lenze","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.977","article-title":"Escitalopram for older adults with generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"301","author":"Lenze","year":"2009","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1097\/01.yic.0000074988.54339.7c","article-title":"Escitalopram (10\u201320 mg\/day) is effective and well tolerated in a placebo-controlled study in depression in primary care","volume":"18","author":"Lepola","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v65n0213","article-title":"Controlled-release paroxetine in the treatment of patients with social anxiety disorder","volume":"65","author":"Lepola","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12108","article-title":"A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of venlafaxine-extended release for co-occurring cannabis dependence and depressive disorders","volume":"108","author":"Levin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0113","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, fixed-dose comparison of paroxetine and placebo in the treatment of generalized social anxiety disorder","volume":"63","author":"Liebowitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0708","article-title":"Efficacy of sertraline in severe generalized social anxiety disorder: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"64","author":"Liebowitz","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.2.190","article-title":"Venlafaxine extended release vs placebo and paroxetine in social anxiety disorder","volume":"62","author":"Liebowitz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990802161923","article-title":"Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of desvenlafaxine 50 mg\/day and 100 mg\/day in outpatients with major depressive disorder","volume":"24","author":"Liebowitz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04238","article-title":"A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, flexible-dose study of venlafaxine extended release capsules in adult outpatients with panic disorder","volume":"70","author":"Liebowitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-94","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study assessing the efficacy and tolerability of desvenlafaxine 10 and 50 mg\/day in adult outpatients with major depressive disorder","volume":"13","author":"Liebowitz","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1687","article-title":"Efficacy and acceptability of pharmacological treatments for depressive disorders in primary care: systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Linde","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Fam. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.173.1.54","article-title":"Sertraline in the treatment of panic disorder. A multi-site, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose investigation","volume":"173","author":"Londborg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2012.761600","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind trial of 2.5 mg and 5 mg vortioxetine (Lu AA21004) versus placebo for 8 weeks in adults with major depressive disorder","volume":"29","author":"Mahableshwarkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12328","article-title":"A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, duloxetine-referenced study of the efficacy and tolerability of vortioxetine in the acute treatment of adults with generalised anxiety disorder","volume":"68","author":"Mahableshwarkar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2371","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, fixed-dose study comparing the efficacy and tolerability of vortioxetine 2.5 and 10 mg in acute treatment of adults with generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"29","author":"Mahableshwarkar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-014-3839-0","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, duloxetine-referenced study comparing efficacy and tolerability of 2 fixed doses of vortioxetine in the acute treatment of adults with MDD","volume":"232","author":"Mahableshwarkar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.001","article-title":"Impact of patient selection and study characteristics on signal detection in placebo-controlled trials with antidepressants","volume":"51","author":"Mancini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2015.01.010","article-title":"Rhodiola rosea versus sertraline for major depressive disorder: A randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Mao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000057","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of vilazodone 20 and 40 mg in major depressive disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"30","author":"Mathews","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145714000546","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of vortioxetine on cognitive function in depressed adults","volume":"17","author":"McIntyre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(1999)9:2<54::AID-DA2>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"Double-blind comparison of citalopram and placebo in depressed outpatients with melancholia","volume":"9","author":"Mendels","year":"1999","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.11.1570","article-title":"Outcome assessment and clinical improvement in panic disorder: evidence from a randomized controlled trial of fluoxetine and placebo. The fluoxetine panic disorder study group","volume":"155","author":"Michelson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.179.6.514","article-title":"Efficacy of usual antidepressant dosing regimens of fluoxetine in panic disorder: randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"179","author":"Michelson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0545","first-page":"138","article-title":"The inverse of the freeman\u2013Tukey double arcsine transformation","volume":"32","author":"Miller","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am. Stat."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.13m08591","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) versus escitalopram in major depressive disorder","volume":"75","author":"Mischoulon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-200103000-00002","article-title":"Citalopram 20 mg, 40 mg and 60 mg are all effective and well tolerated compared with placebo in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"16","author":"Montgomery","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n0511","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of pregabalin in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: a 6-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of pregabalin and venlafaxine","volume":"67","author":"Montgomery","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-7154(1996)2:4<192::AID-ANXI6>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Comparison of fluvoxamine, imipramine, and placebo in the treatment of outpatients with panic disorder","volume":"2","author":"Nair","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anxiety"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1159\/000086317","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of Japanese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder--effectiveness of behavior therapy and fluvoxamine","volume":"74","author":"Nakatani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychother. Psychosom."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291708003401","article-title":"Improvement of psychic and somatic symptoms in adult patients with generalized anxiety disorder: examination from a duloxetine, venlafaxine extended-release and placebo-controlled trial","volume":"39","author":"Nicolini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X167453","article-title":"Duloxetine versus escitalopram and placebo in the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder: onset of antidepressant action, a non-inferiority study","volume":"23","author":"Nierenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-200411000-00003","article-title":"Remission rates with venlafaxine extended release in Greek outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study","volume":"19","author":"Nimatoudis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.167.3.374","article-title":"Paroxetine in the treatment of panic disorder a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"167","author":"Oehrberg","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2006.03.004","article-title":"Duloxetine in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a placebo- and paroxetine-controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Perahia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.9.1189","article-title":"Sertraline in the treatment of panic disorder: a double-blind multicenter trial","volume":"155","author":"Pohl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.11.1010","article-title":"Sertraline in the treatment of panic disorder: a flexible-dose multicenter trial","volume":"55","author":"Pollack","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v62n0508","article-title":"Paroxetine in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: results of a placebo-controlled, flexible-dosage trial","volume":"62","author":"Pollack","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20218","article-title":"A double-blind study of the efficacy of venlafaxine extended-release, paroxetine, and placebo in the treatment of panic disorder","volume":"24","author":"Pollack","year":"2007","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-0821-0","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of venlafaxine ER and paroxetine in the treatment of outpatients with panic disorder","volume":"194","author":"Pollack","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(98)80060-X","article-title":"A multicenter evaluation of the efficacy and safety of 150 and 300 mg\/d sustained-release bupropion tablets versus placebo in depressed outpatients","volume":"20","author":"Reimherr","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"issue":"S350","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb07188.x","article-title":"A placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial of paroxetine in depressed outpatients","volume":"80","author":"Rickels","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.6.968","article-title":"Efficacy of extended-release venlafaxine in nondepressed outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"157","author":"Rickels","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.4.749","article-title":"Paroxetine treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"160","author":"Rickels","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000138764.31106.60","article-title":"A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a flexible dose of venlafaxine ER in adult outpatients with generalized social anxiety disorder","volume":"24","author":"Rickels","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04637","article-title":"Evidence for efficacy and tolerability of vilazodone in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"70","author":"Rickels","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2017.03.017","article-title":"Dropout prevalence and associated factors in randomized clinical trials of adolescents treated for depression: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Rohden","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(99)00067-1","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) and fluoxetine for the treatment of depression","volume":"56","author":"Rudolph","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12r08267","article-title":"Less is more in antidepressant clinical trials: a meta-analysis of the effect of visit frequency on treatment response and drop-out","volume":"74","author":"Rutherford","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22433","article-title":"Influence of study design on treatment response in anxiety disorder clinical trials","volume":"32","author":"Rutherford","year":"2015","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20271","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of duloxetine in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: a flexible-dose, progressive-titration, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Rynn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145714000224","article-title":"Declining efficacy in controlled trials of antidepressants: effects of placebo dropout","volume":"17","author":"Schalkwijk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e32833a4d71","article-title":"Mirtazapine in generalized social anxiety disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"25","author":"Schutters","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v66n0105","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of controlled-release paroxetine in the treatment of panic disorder","volume":"66","author":"Sheehan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v60n0105","article-title":"Once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) compared with fluoxetine in outpatients with depression and anxiety. Venlafaxine XR 360 study group","volume":"60","author":"Silverstone","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v62n07a04","article-title":"Efficacy of venlafaxine extended release in patients with major depressive disorder and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"62","author":"Silverstone","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(84)90021-1","article-title":"Patient attrition in a comparative outcome study of depression: A follow-up report","volume":"6","author":"Simons","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)00957-4","article-title":"Placebo-controlled comparison of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors citalopram and sertraline","volume":"48","author":"Stahl","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n1107","article-title":"Escitalopram in the treatment of panic disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"64","author":"Stahl","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.8.708","article-title":"Paroxetine treatment of generalized social phobia (social anxiety disorder): a randomized controlled trial","volume":"280","author":"Stein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.5.756","article-title":"Fluvoxamine treatment of social phobia (social anxiety disorder): a double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"156","author":"Stein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-004-1957-9","article-title":"Efficacy of low and higher dose extended-release venlafaxine in generalized social anxiety disorder: a 6-month randomized controlled trial","volume":"177","author":"Stein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1185\/030079907X178838","article-title":"Escitalopram in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled, paroxetine-referenced, fixed-dose, 24-week study","volume":"23","author":"Stein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1185\/030079907X178838","article-title":"Escitalopram in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled, paroxetine-referenced, fixed-dose, 24-week study","volume":"23","author":"Stein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.648","article-title":"Gender differences in clinical presentation and response to sertraline treatment of generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"20","author":"Steiner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v58n0904","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) in outpatients with major depression. The venlafaxine XR 209 study group","volume":"58","author":"Thase","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950070051010","article-title":"A multicenter investigation of fixed-dose fluoxetine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"51","author":"Tollefson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2009.07.006","article-title":"Desvenlafaxine 50 and 100 mg\/d in the treatment of major depressive disorder: an 8-week, phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial and a post hoc pooled analysis of three studies","volume":"31","author":"Tourian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v62n1005","article-title":"Do bupropion SR and sertraline differ in their effects on anxiety in depressed patients?","volume":"62","author":"Trivedi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v65n1010","article-title":"Effectiveness of low doses of paroxetine controlled release in the treatment of major depressive disorder","volume":"65","author":"Trivedi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.306","article-title":"Randomized, placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants for acute major depression: thirty-year meta-analytic review","volume":"37","author":"Undurraga","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.2.275","article-title":"Sertraline treatment of generalized social phobia: a 20-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"158","author":"Van Ameringen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02244762","article-title":"Psychopharmacological treatment of social phobia; a double blind placebo controlled study with fluvoxamine","volume":"115","author":"van Vliet","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0924-977X(94)90008-6","article-title":"Double-blind study of mirtazapine and placebo in hospitalized patients with major depression","volume":"4","author":"Vartiainen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.170.6.549","article-title":"The effect of citalopram in panic disorder","volume":"170","author":"Wade","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-200205000-00001","article-title":"Escitalopram 10 mg\/day is effective and well tolerated in a placebo-controlled study in depression in primary care","volume":"17","author":"Wade","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000104906.75206.8b","article-title":"A double-blind placebo-controlled study of controlled release fluvoxamine for the treatment of generalized social anxiety disorder","volume":"24","author":"Westenberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2017.11.016","article-title":"Design considerations for handling dropouts in anti-depressant drug trials","volume":"65","author":"Zhong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemp. Clin. Trials"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.169.4.468","article-title":"Paroxetine versus clomipramine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. OCD paroxetine study investigators","volume":"169","author":"Zohar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00433415","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of bupropion and placebo in the treatment of depression","volume":"79","author":"Zung","year":"1983","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"}],"container-title":["Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278584619302180?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278584619302180?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T19:50:45Z","timestamp":1759521045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0278584619302180"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":164,"alternative-id":["S0278584619302180"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-5846"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0278-5846"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Meta-analysis of placebo group dropout in adult antidepressant trials","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109777","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109777"}}