{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T14:33:57Z","timestamp":1793370837064,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,22]],"date-time":"2009-02-22T01:38:45Z","timestamp":1235266725000},"page":"115-130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Gynecologic Cancers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Amy R.","family":"Blair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheyanne M.","family":"Casas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib1","article-title":"American Cancer Society: cancer facts and figures 2008","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Cancer Society"},{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00792-0","article-title":"Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: guidelines for early diagnosis and treatment","volume":"189","author":"Tyring","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/89.20.1516","article-title":"Cofactors with human papillomavirus in a population-based study of vulvar cancer","volume":"89","author":"Madeleine","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib4","first-page":"295","article-title":"Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and vulvar cancer","volume":"23","author":"Edwards","year":"1996","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.11.011","article-title":"Demographic, clinical, and treatment trends among women diagnosed with vulvar cancer in the Unites States","volume":"108","author":"Stroup","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib6","first-page":"1269","article-title":"Vulvar cancer","volume":"66","author":"Canavan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2008.01.004","article-title":"Gynecologic malignancies","volume":"88","author":"Whitcomb","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib8","series-title":"Current diagnosis obstetrics and gynecology","article-title":"Premalignant & malignant disorders of the vulva & vagina","author":"Landay","year":"2007"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.117401","article-title":"An update on vulvar cancer","volume":"185","author":"Ghurani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib10","series-title":"Comprehensive gynecology","article-title":"Neoplastic diseases of the vulva: lichen sclerosis, intraepithelial neoplasia, Paget's disease, carcinoma","author":"Frumovitz","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.55.4.244","article-title":"The causal relationship between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer [review]","volume":"55","author":"Bosch","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17354-6","article-title":"Regression of low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions in young women","volume":"364","author":"Moscicki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70256-5","article-title":"Risk factors for rapid-onset cervical cancer","volume":"180","author":"Hildersheim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib14","unstructured":"Screening for cervical cancer. January 2003. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Rockville (MD). Available at: http:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/clinic\/uspstf\/uspscerv.htm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.52.1.8","article-title":"American Cancer Society guideline for the early detection of cervical neoplasia and cancer","volume":"52","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"CA Cancer J\u00a0Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035419","article-title":"Risk of cervical cancer associated with extending the interval between cervical cancer screening","volume":"349","author":"Sawaya","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib17","first-page":"40","article-title":"False-negative Papanicolaou smears from women with cancerous and precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix","volume":"35","author":"Pairwuti","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000120143.50098.c7","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus DNA testing for cervical cancer screening in women aged 30 years or more","volume":"103","author":"Goldie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib19","unstructured":"Cervical Cytology Screening. ACOG practice bulletin No 45; August 2003; 102, No. 2."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.8.813","article-title":"Prevalence of HPV infection among females in the United States","volume":"297","author":"Dunne","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.2.12.1250","article-title":"Presence of human papillomavirus infection of the uterine cervix as determined by different detection methods in a low-risk community-based population","volume":"2","author":"Zazove","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Fam Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.07.047","article-title":"2006 guidelines for the management of women with abnormal cervical cancer screening tests","volume":"197","author":"Wright","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynec"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3181585870","article-title":"2006 guidelines for the management of women with abnormal cervical cancer screening tests","volume":"11","author":"Wright","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.07.050","article-title":"2006 guidelines for the management of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or adenocarcinoma in situ","volume":"197","author":"Wright","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J\u00a0Obstet Gynec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20064","article-title":"Cervical adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma incidence trends among white women and black women in the United States for 1976\u20132000","volume":"100","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib26","first-page":"79","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of cervical carcinomas. Number 35, May 2002. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","volume":"78","author":"ACOG practice bulletin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"9376","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13778-6","article-title":"Cervical cancer","volume":"361","author":"Waggoner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3322\/CA.2007.0010","volume":"58","author":"Jemal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Statistics, 2008. Ca Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib29","unstructured":"Rubin S, Sabbatini P, Randall M, et al. Ovarian Cancer. In: Pazdur R, Coia L, Hoskins W, et al, editors. Ovarian cancer in cancer management: a multidisciplinary approach. Manhasset (NY): The Oncology Group, CMP Medical; 2007."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib30","series-title":"Katz: comprehensive gynecology","article-title":"Neoplastic diseases of the ovary","author":"Coleman","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib31","unstructured":"Screening for ovarian cancer: recommendation statement. May 2004. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville (MD). Available at: http:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/clinic\/3rduspstf\/ovariancan\/ovcanrs.htm. Accessed June 30, 2008."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2002.6865","article-title":"Committee Opinion No. 280. The role of the generalist obstetrician-gynecologist in the early detection of ovarian cancer","volume":"87","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib33","first-page":"700","article-title":"Should women with familial ovarian cancer undergo prophylactic oophorectomy?","volume":"80","author":"Kerlikowske","year":"1992","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib34","series-title":"Radiation oncology","first-page":"757","article-title":"The ovary","author":"Thomas","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib35","first-page":"201","article-title":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No 83. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","volume":"110","author":"Management of Adenexal Masses","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib36","series-title":"Principles and practice of radiation oncology","first-page":"1934","article-title":"The ovary","author":"Staumbaugh","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000149159.69560.ef","article-title":"Validation of referral guidelines for women with pelvic masses","volume":"105","author":"Im","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib38","unstructured":"Karlan B, Markman M, Eifel P. Ovarian cancer, peritoneal carcinoma, fallopian tube cancer in DeVita V, Hellmann S, Robseby S eds. Cancer: principles and practice of oncology 7th Edition. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib39","series-title":"Principles and practice of radiation oncology","article-title":"Chapter 62 Endometrium","author":"Glassburn","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib40","unstructured":"Burke T, Eifel P, Muggia F. Cancers of the uterine body. In DeVita V, Hellman S, Rosenberg S, eds. Cancer principles and practice of oncology 6th Edition. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib41","first-page":"1101","article-title":"Cancer screening guidelines","volume":"63","author":"Zoorob","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.17.1510","article-title":"Endovaginal ultrasound to exclude endometrial cancer and other endometrial abnormalities","volume":"280","author":"Smith-Bindman","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5295","article-title":"Preoperative local staging of endometrial cancer: transvaginal sonography vs magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"31","author":"Savelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib44","series-title":"Textbook of radiation oncology","article-title":"Cancer of the endometrium","author":"Alektiar","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdl417","article-title":"Chemotherapy for advanced, recurrent or metastatic endometrial cancer: a systematic review of Cochrane collaboration","volume":"18","author":"Humber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"}],"container-title":["Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0095454308000961?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0095454308000961?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T09:54:48Z","timestamp":1545386088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0095454308000961"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0095454308000961"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pop.2008.10.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-4543"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-4543","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}}}