{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T21:17:33Z","timestamp":1768598253191,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T08:14:38Z","timestamp":1710144878000},"page":"345-358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Neurologic Approach to Radiculopathy, Back Pain, and Neck Pain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Canaan","family":"Coker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jade","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan D.","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.2.325","article-title":"Epidemiology of cervical radiculopathy. A population-based study from Rochester, Minnesota, 1976 through 1990","volume":"117","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.002","article-title":"The Epidemiology of low back pain","volume":"24","author":"Hoy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3182146e55","article-title":"Characterization of the incidence and risk factors for the development of lumbar radiculopathy","volume":"25","author":"Schoenfeld","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Spinal Disord Tech"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204428","article-title":"The global burden of low back pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study","volume":"73","author":"Hoy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.09.027","article-title":"Vascular causes of radiculopathy: a literature review","volume":"11","author":"Benny","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2007.01.008","article-title":"Lumbosacral radiculopathy","volume":"25","author":"Tarulli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"issue":"1 Supp1 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib7","first-page":"S28","article-title":"Cervical radiculopathy: pathophysiology, presentation, and clinical evaluation","volume":"60","author":"Abbed","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2014.04.001","article-title":"Cervical radiculopathy","volume":"98","author":"Corey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200708000-00005","article-title":"Cervical radiculopathy","volume":"15","author":"Rhee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-016-9349-4","article-title":"Cervical radiculopathy","volume":"9","author":"Iyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200201150-00007","article-title":"The Spurling test and cervical radiculopathy","volume":"27","author":"Tong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"333","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib12","first-page":"192","article-title":"Physical signs in lumbar disc hernia","author":"Vucetic","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03490060092030","article-title":"What can the history and physical examination tell us about low back pain?","volume":"268","author":"Deyo","year":"1992","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.56B4.658","article-title":"Induced pain patterns on passive straight-leg raising in lower lumbar disc protrusion. A prospective clinical, myelographic and operative study in fifty patients","volume":"56-B","author":"Edgar","year":"1974","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198804000-00003","article-title":"The clinical significance of straight-leg raising (Las\u00e8gue's sign) in the diagnosis of prolapsed lumbar disc. Interobserver variation and correlation with surgical finding","volume":"13","author":"Kosteljanetz","year":"1988","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e31816b2f99","article-title":"The sensitivity and specificity of the Slump and the Straight Leg Raising tests in patients with lumbar disc herniation","volume":"14","author":"Majlesi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib17","first-page":"CD007431","article-title":"Physical examination for lumbar radiculopathy due to disc herniation in patients with low-back pain","author":"van der Windt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181aa1bf0","article-title":"The flip test: a reappraisal","volume":"34","author":"Summers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-2171(05)80035-6","article-title":"Nondiscogenic lumbar radiculopathy: imaging considerations","volume":"14","author":"An","year":"1993","journal-title":"Semin Ultrasound CT MR"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.3109\/02688697.2011.594189","article-title":"Cervical radiculopathy: discrepancy or concordance between electromyography and magnetic resonance imaging?","volume":"25","author":"Nicotra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27142","article-title":"Diagnostic usefulness of denervation edema in the multifidus muscles using 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in cervical radiculopathy","volume":"63","author":"Yoshida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198411000-00017","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of CT scanning and myelography in the diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation","volume":"190","author":"Bosacco","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199902)22:2<151::AID-MUS2>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Electromyography and magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of radiculopathy","volume":"22","author":"Nardin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2021.06.011","article-title":"Electrodiagnostic Assessment of Radiculopathies","volume":"39","author":"Marquardt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21759","article-title":"Utility of electrodiagnostic testing in evaluating patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy","volume":"42","author":"Cho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib26","first-page":"332","article-title":"Diagnostic value of history, physical examination and needle electromyography in diagnosing lumbosacral radiculopathy","volume":"257","author":"Coster","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000188400.11490.5f","article-title":"The sensitivity and specificity of electrodiagnostic testing for the clinical syndrome of lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"30","author":"Haig","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(02)00018-4","article-title":"Electrophysiology of radiculopathies","volume":"113","author":"Fisher","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23833","article-title":"Electrical impedance myography in the diagnosis of radiculopathy","volume":"48","author":"Spieker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28296","article-title":"MR Neurography of Lumbosacral Plexus: Incremental Value Over XR, CT, and MRI of L Spine With Improved Outcomes in Patients With Radiculopathy and Failed Back Surgery Syndrome","volume":"57","author":"Chhabra","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000422","article-title":"Diagnostic Value of Magnetic Resonance Neurography in Cervical Radiculopathy: Plexus Patterns and Peripheral Nerve Lesions","volume":"53","author":"Schwarz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5099-2","article-title":"National Clinical Guidelines for non-surgical treatment of patients with recent onset low back pain or lumbar radiculopathy","volume":"27","author":"Stochkendahl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.931","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the noninvasive management of low back pain: A systematic review by the Ontario Protocol for Traffic Injury Management (OPTIMa) Collaboration","volume":"21","author":"Wong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib34","series-title":"Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management","author":"National Guideline Centre (UK)","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aprim.2021.102144","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness and adverse events of gabapentin and pregabalin for sciatica pain","volume":"54","author":"Gim\u00e9nez-Campos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aten Primaria"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E786","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.171333","article-title":"Anticonvulsants in the treatment of low back pain and lumbar radicular pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"190","author":"Enke","year":"2018","journal-title":"CMAJ (Can Med Assoc J)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.22603\/ssrr.2018-0003","article-title":"Is Pregabalin Effective Against Acute Lumbar Radicular Pain","volume":"3","author":"Nakashima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine Surg Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-2009-0210","article-title":"Gabapentin monotherapy in patients with chronic radiculopathy: the efficacy and impact on life quality","volume":"22","author":"Yildirim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Back Musculoskelet Rehabil"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.50.1070","article-title":"Efficacy of gabapentin for radiculopathy caused by lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar disk hernia","volume":"50","author":"Kasimcan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol Med -Chir"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181cf949a","article-title":"Perioperative pregabalin improves pain and functional outcomes 3\u00a0months after lumbar discectomy","volume":"110","author":"Burke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.4468","article-title":"Oral steroids for acute radiculopathy due to a herniated lumbar disk: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"313","author":"Goldberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib42","first-page":"S43","article-title":"Oral prednisolone in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy: A randomized placebo controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Res Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2016.8.3.262","article-title":"The Effectiveness of Oral Corticosteroids for Management of Lumbar Radiating Pain: Randomized, Controlled Trial Study","volume":"8","author":"Ko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2009.01.003","article-title":"The cumulative burden of oral corticosteroid side effects and the economic implications of steroid use","volume":"103","author":"Manson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib45","first-page":"539","article-title":"Comparison of Epidural Steroid Injections with conservative management in patients with lumbar radiculopathy","volume":"19","author":"Laiq","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s002340050541","article-title":"Short-term assessment of periradicular corticosteroid injections in lumbar radiculopathy associated with disc pathology","volume":"40","author":"Viton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-2008-y","article-title":"Transforaminal injection of corticosteroids for lumbar radiculopathy: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Quraishi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-0142-8","article-title":"Transforaminal steroid injections for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy: a prospective and randomised study","volume":"16","author":"Anderberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h1748","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1748","article-title":"Epidural steroid injections compared with gabapentin for lumbosacral radicular pain: multicenter randomized double blind comparative efficacy study","volume":"350","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31823b4d1f","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of cervical radiculopathy following epidural steroid injection: a prospective study with follow-up for more than 2 years","volume":"37","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib51","first-page":"2971","article-title":"The Efficacy of Therapeutic Selective Nerve Block in Treating Lumbar Radiculopathy and Avoiding Surgery","volume":"13","author":"Kanaan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pain Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.5152\/TJAR.2019.69741","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy of Methylprednisolone Acetate and Dexamethasone Disodium Phosphate in Lumbosacral Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections","volume":"47","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e318282c9f2","article-title":"Comparison of pain score reduction using triamcinolone vs. dexamethasone in cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections","volume":"92","author":"Shakir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12214","article-title":"The noninferiority of the nonparticulate steroid dexamethasone vs the particulate steroids betamethasone and triamcinolone in lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections","volume":"14","author":"El-Yahchouchi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1179\/2042618611Y.0000000011","article-title":"Effectiveness of manual physical therapy in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Boyles","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Man Manip Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2005.35.12.802","article-title":"Manual physical therapy, cervical traction, and strengthening exercises in patients with cervical radiculopathy: a case series","volume":"35","author":"Cleland","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2009.07.035","article-title":"The value of intermittent cervical traction in recent cervical radiculopathy","volume":"52","author":"Jellad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib58","first-page":"541","article-title":"Conventional physical therapy with lumbar traction; clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging for lumbar disc herniation","volume":"111","author":"Kamanli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1093\/physth\/pzy001","article-title":"Cervical Radiculopathy: Effectiveness of Adding Traction to Physical Therapy-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"98","author":"Romeo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12998-016-0126-7","article-title":"Effectiveness of manual therapy for cervical radiculopathy, a review","volume":"24","author":"Thoomes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chiropr Man Therap"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib61","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anterior surgery for cervical disc disease. Part 1: Treatment of lateral cervical disc herniation in 253 cases","volume":"53","author":"Lunsford","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp043887","article-title":"Clinical practice. Cervical radiculopathy","volume":"353","author":"Carette","year":"2005","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib63","first-page":"354","article-title":"Lateral intervertebral disk lesions in the lower cervical region","volume":"151","author":"Spurling","year":"1953","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902113400602","article-title":"Lack of effectiveness of bed rest for sciatica","volume":"340","author":"Vroomen","year":"1999","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2006.5.3.204","article-title":"Cost-utility analysis of routine neurosurgical spinal surgery","volume":"5","author":"R\u00e4s\u00e4nen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/s101430100184","article-title":"When should conservative treatment for lumbar disc herniation be ceased and surgery considered?","volume":"25","author":"Rothoerl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198711000-00016","article-title":"Factors predicting the result of surgery for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation","volume":"12","author":"Hurme","year":"1987","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2007.07.004","article-title":"Audran Met\u00a0al; Spine Section of the French Society for Rheumatology. Sciatica from disk herniation: Medical treatment or surgery?","volume":"74","author":"Legrand","year":"2007","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1387807","article-title":"Optimal duration of conservative management prior to surgery for cervical and lumbar radiculopathy: a literature review","volume":"4","author":"Alentado","year":"2014","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E365","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002324","article-title":"Surgical Treatment of Cervical Radiculopathy: Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"43","author":"Gutman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2019.08.016","article-title":"Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy","volume":"31","author":"Sivakanthan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib72","first-page":"371","article-title":"Percutaneous Endoscopic Cervical Discectomy Versus Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Comparative Cohort Study with a Five-Year Follow-Up","volume":"9","author":"Ahn","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.08.003","article-title":"An evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation with radiculopathy","volume":"14","author":"Kreiner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.02.032","article-title":"The course and prognostic factors of symptomatic cervical disc herniation with radiculopathy: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Wong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.03.026","article-title":"One-year prognosis in sick-listed low back pain patients with and without radiculopathy. Prognostic factors influencing pain and disability","volume":"10","author":"Jensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0474-9","article-title":"Outcome prediction in chronic unilateral lumbar radiculopathy: prospective cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Iversen","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199309010-00006","article-title":"The natural course of acute sciatica with nerve root symptoms in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial evaluating the effect of piroxicam","volume":"18","author":"Weber","year":"1993","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.1938448.224","article-title":"Timing of Surgery in Tubular Microdiscectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation and Its Effect on Functional Impairment Outcomes","volume":"17","author":"Siccoli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000158954.68522.2a","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of surgical and nonsurgical management of sciatica secondary to a lumbar disc herniation: 10 year results from the maine lumbar spine study","volume":"30","author":"Atlas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.20.2451","article-title":"Surgical vs nonoperative treatment for lumbar disk herniation: the Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial (SPORT) observational cohort","volume":"296","author":"Weinstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000088","article-title":"Surgical versus nonoperative treatment for lumbar disc herniation: eight-year results for the spine patient outcomes research trial","volume":"39","author":"Lurie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318060a5d1","article-title":"Outcome evaluation of surgical and nonsurgical management of lumbar disc protrusion causing radiculopathy","volume":"32","author":"Thomas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"}],"container-title":["Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0095454324000058?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0095454324000058?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T19:49:38Z","timestamp":1714420178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0095454324000058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0095454324000058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-4543"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-4543","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Neurologic Approach to Radiculopathy, Back Pain, and Neck Pain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pop.2024.02.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}