{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T23:52:51Z","timestamp":1783727571395,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":43,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Parkinsonism & Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T10:16:29Z","timestamp":1707992189000},"page":"100242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Two distinct degenerative types of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron in the early stage of parkinsonian disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0227-2566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoya","family":"Kawazoe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6334-1289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keizo","family":"Sugaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7238-7951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Nakata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5145-3785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Okitsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazushi","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.157370","article-title":"The role of DAT-SPECT in movement disorders","volume":"81","author":"K\u00e4gi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s13550-022-00943-6","article-title":"Comparison of [18F]-FDOPA PET and [123I]-FP-CIT SPECT acquired in clinical practice for assessing nigrostriatal degeneration in patients with a clinically uncertain parkinsonian syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Wallert","year":"2022","journal-title":"EJNMMI Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13726","article-title":"Quantified striatal dopaminergic denervation as predictor for motor outcomes in parkinson's disease","volume":"10","author":"Trinh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(04)00736-7","article-title":"Functional brain imaging in the differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease","volume":"3","author":"Piccini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-018-0047-3","article-title":"Neuromelanin detection by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its promise as a biomarker for Parkinson's disease","volume":"4","author":"Sulzer","year":"2018","journal-title":"NPJ Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000227984.84927.a7","article-title":"Neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging of locus ceruleus and substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease","volume":"17","author":"Sasaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.02.012","article-title":"Changes in substantia nigra and locus coeruleus in patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease using neuromelanin-sensitive MR imaging","volume":"541","author":"Ohtsuka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2023.120660","article-title":"Degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in the early to intermediate stage of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease","volume":"449","author":"Okitsu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26987","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy: Movement Disorder Society criteria","volume":"32","author":"H\u00f6glinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31827f0fd1","article-title":"Criteria for the diagnosis of corticobasal degeneration","volume":"80","author":"Armstrong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29005","article-title":"Movement disorder society criteria for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy","volume":"37","author":"Wenning","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2019.09.001","article-title":"Cerebrovascular pathology presenting as corticobasal syndrome: an autopsy case series of \u201cvascular CBS\u201d","volume":"68","author":"Koga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-018-3976-5","article-title":"Japanese multicenter database of healthy controls for [123I] FP-CIT SPECT","volume":"45","author":"Matsuda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.10.002","article-title":"Knowledge gaps and research recommendations for essential tremor","volume":"33","author":"Hopfner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-020-02479-9","article-title":"Neuromelanin imaging analyses of the substantia nigra in patients with Machado-Joseph disease","volume":"62","author":"Nakata","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0151191","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151191","article-title":"Principal component analysis of multimodal neuromelanin MRI and dopamine transporter PET data provide a specific metric for nigral dopaminergic neuronal density","volume":"11","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.751434","article-title":"Is generalized and segmental dystonia accompanied by impairments in the dopaminergic system?","volume":"12","author":"Ikezawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-006-0155-x","article-title":"Quantification of [123I]FP-CIT SPECT brain images: an accurate technique for measuring specific binding ratios","volume":"33","author":"Tossici-Bolt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2023.05.060","article-title":"Asymmetrical putaminal atrophy in parkinsonism-predominant multiple system atrophy (MSA-P): a case report","volume":"18","author":"Mori","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e289","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207397","article-title":"Clinicoradiologic and neuropathologic evaluation of corticobasal syndrome","volume":"101","author":"Shir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2021-328586","article-title":"Neuropathology and emerging biomarkers in corticobasal syndrome","volume":"93","author":"Koga","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.5603\/PJNNS.a2022.0078","article-title":"Could hyperlipidemia be a risk factor for corticobasal syndrome? - a pilot study","volume":"57","author":"Madetko-Alster","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurol Neurochir Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0115","first-page":"328","article-title":"CBD diagnostic criteria: exclusions as important as inclusions","volume":"94","author":"Litvan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.2.134","article-title":"Differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease using a dopaminergic presynaptic ligand","volume":"73","author":"Walker","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-015-3146-y","article-title":"Utility of the combination of DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease","volume":"43","author":"Shimizu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"fcad296","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad296","article-title":"Clinical course of pathologically confirmed corticobasal degeneration and corticobasal syndrome","author":"Aiba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4029-08.2009","article-title":"Single nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons form widely spread and highly dense axonal arborizations in the neostriatum","volume":"29","author":"Matsuda","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26653","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.26653","article-title":"Anatomical and functional organization of the human substantia nigra and its connections","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-015-1419-z","article-title":"Dopamine transporter imaging in essential tremor with and without Parkinsonian features","volume":"122","author":"Waln","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neural Transm. (vienna)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3971","article-title":"Role of functional dopamine-transporter SPECT imaging in parkinsonian syndromes, part 2","volume":"36","author":"Booth","year":"2015","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.680254","article-title":"Imaging the Pathophysiology of Essential Tremor-A Systematic Review","volume":"12","author":"Holtbernd","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0302-1","article-title":"Essential tremor pathology: neurodegeneration and reorganization of neuronal connections","volume":"16","author":"Louis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Parkinsonism & Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590112524000112?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590112524000112?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,16]],"date-time":"2024-06-16T21:55:52Z","timestamp":1718574952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2590112524000112"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S2590112524000112"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-1125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-1125","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Two distinct degenerative types of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron in the early stage of parkinsonian disorders","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Parkinsonism & Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prdoa.2024.100242","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100242"}}