{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:08:08Z","timestamp":1790802488652,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004869","name":"University of M\u00fcnster","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004869","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pregnancy Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:34:11Z","timestamp":1790692451000},"page":"101529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Changes in retinal layer thickness during and after pregnancy in a healthy Caucasian cohort"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Moritz Fabian","family":"Danzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caren","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Egbring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Kleemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Oelmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Schmitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Eter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens Julian","family":"Storp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2008.06.005","article-title":"Physiological changes of pregnancy and monitoring","volume":"22","author":"Carlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2012.05.004","article-title":"Physiologic changes during normal pregnancy and delivery","volume":"30","author":"Ouzounian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiol. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OGX.0000047741.79433.52","article-title":"Ocular changes in pregnancy","volume":"58","author":"Dinn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol. Surv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-024-03173-y","article-title":"Evaluation of anterior segment parameters between pregnancy trimesters and postpartum with Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging: a prospective study","volume":"44","author":"Erkan Pota","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.05.025","article-title":"Changes in retinal flow density during and after pregnancy: an optical coherence tomography angiography study","volume":"60","author":"Storp","year":"2025","journal-title":"Can. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases4020019","article-title":"Specialized diagnostic investigations to assess ocular status in hypertensive diseases of pregnancy","volume":"4","author":"Bakhda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S23944","article-title":"Foveal and parafoveal retinal thickness in healthy pregnant women in their last trimester","volume":"5","author":"Demir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2023.12.001","article-title":"Evaluation of choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in Chinese pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant women","volume":"4","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Ophthalmol. Pract. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.3109\/10641955.2013.877924","article-title":"Evaluation of the macula, retinal nerve fiber layer and choroid in preeclampsia, healthy pregnant and healthy non-pregnant women using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"33","author":"Ata\u015f","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hypertens. Preg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0050","first-page":"QC05","article-title":"Comparison of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in pregnancy and postpartum period","volume":"12","author":"Entezari","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagn. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S245054","article-title":"Macular and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"14","author":"Tengku-Fatishah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2022.05.019","article-title":"Thinning of specific retinal layers as a novel biomarker for adverse outcomes in high-risk pregnancy","volume":"45","author":"Hanhart","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Fr. Ophtalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-017-0718-9","article-title":"Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in preeclampsia and eclampsia","volume":"38","author":"Arab","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1080\/10641955.2020.1758938","article-title":"Antenatal and postpartum comparison of HD-OCT findings of macula, retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell density between severe preeclampsia patients and healthy pregnant women","volume":"39","author":"Tok","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertens. Preg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.893221","article-title":"Assessment of macular peripapillary nerve fiber layer and choroidal thickness changes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, healthy pregnant women, and healthy non-pregnant women","volume":"21","author":"Acmaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2007.07.005","article-title":"State-of-the-art retinal optical coherence tomography","volume":"27","author":"Drexler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2020.1786590","article-title":"Tutorial on biostatistics: longitudinal analysis of correlated continuous eye data","volume":"28","author":"Ying","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-0420.2005.00389.x","article-title":"The Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired comparisons of clustered data","volume":"62","author":"Rosner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0095","first-page":"744","article-title":"Statistics notes: measurement error","volume":"313","author":"Bland","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v096.i06","article-title":"Wilcoxon rank-based tests for clustered data with R package clusrank","volume":"96","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2726","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-26956","article-title":"Retinal vascular changes during pregnancy detected with optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"60","author":"Chanwimol","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003538","article-title":"The role of optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with preeclampsia","volume":"42","author":"\u00d6zcan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-018-0437-2","article-title":"Physiologische Ver\u00e4nderungen in der Schwangerschaft","volume":"67","author":"Kohlhepp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anaesthesist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.59249\/JTIV4138","article-title":"Natural physiological changes during pregnancy","volume":"97","author":"Chandra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Yale J. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2019.1584891","article-title":"The physiologic and pathologic effects of pregnancy on the human visual system","volume":"39","author":"Kalogeropoulos","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/675792","article-title":"Visual acuity changes during pregnancy and postpartum: a cross-sectional study in Iran","volume":"2014","author":"Mehdizadehkashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pregnancy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2750786","article-title":"The association between female reproductive factors and open-angle glaucoma in Korean women: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V","volume":"2018","author":"Shin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joco.2017.11.012","article-title":"Ocular changes during pregnancy","volume":"30","author":"Naderan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Curr. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0150","article-title":"Corneal biomechanical changes in third trimester of pregnancy","volume":"57","author":"Bujor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000778","article-title":"Pregnancy and the eye","volume":"32","author":"Khong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0160","first-page":"3199","article-title":"Retinal blood flow changes during pregnancy in women with diabetes","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.12.045","article-title":"Comparison of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measured by Cirrus HD and Stratus optical coherence tomography","volume":"116","author":"Sung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.06.041","article-title":"Agreement among spectral-domain optical coherence tomography instruments for assessing retinal nerve fiber layer thickness","volume":"151","author":"Leite","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-301084","article-title":"Agreement among three types of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography instruments in measuring parapapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness","volume":"96","author":"Kanamori","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2014.952828","article-title":"Effects of sex and age on the normal retinal and choroidal structures on optical coherence tomography","volume":"40","author":"Ooto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-024-01323-6","article-title":"Age-related uterine changes and its association with poor reproductive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Marti-Garcia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-025-01699-8","article-title":"Artificial intelligence-derived retinal age gap as a marker for reproductive aging in women","volume":"8","author":"Miao","year":"2025","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.15.7.30","article-title":"Reproducibility of VF, OCT, and OCTA in Glaucoma: a Prospective Multi-Visit Study","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.06.036","article-title":"Retinal thickness in the offspring of diabetic pregnancies","volume":"150","author":"Tariq","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e674","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14351","article-title":"Decreased retinal thickness in preschool offspring of maternal gestational hypertension: the Nanjing Eye Study","volume":"98","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.0043","article-title":"Association of maternal smoking during pregnancy and birth weight with retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in children aged 11 or 12 years: the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 Eye Study","volume":"135","author":"Ashina","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0215","first-page":"409","article-title":"Maternal undernutrition model of two generations of rats: changes in the aged retina","volume":"38","author":"Laurinaviciute","year":"2023","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79424-6","article-title":"Modelling normal age-related changes in individual retinal layers using location-specific OCT analysis","volume":"11","author":"Trinh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006709","article-title":"Postoperative changes in the retinal thickness and volume after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane and internal limiting membrane peeling","volume":"96","author":"Won","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"}],"container-title":["Pregnancy Hypertension"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210778926001170?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210778926001170?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:40:01Z","timestamp":1790800801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2210778926001170"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S2210778926001170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-7789"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-7789","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Changes in retinal layer thickness during and after pregnancy in a healthy Caucasian cohort","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pregnancy Hypertension","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preghy.2026.101529","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101529"}}