{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:55:16Z","timestamp":1791179716992,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the UK's Department for International Development","award":["GCP\/INT\/804\/UK"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GCP\/INT\/804\/UK"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008687","name":"International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Preventive Veterinary Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,28]],"date-time":"2013-02-28T19:45:47Z","timestamp":1362080747000},"page":"290-303","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Estimating the costs of tsetse control options: An example for Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"A.P.M.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.J.","family":"Torr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Waiswa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Cecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.R.W.","family":"Wint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.C.","family":"Mattioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.P.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1673\/031.007.4701","article-title":"Evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of pyramidal, modified pyramidal and monoscreen traps for the control of the tsetse fly, Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, in Uganda","volume":"7","author":"Abila","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Insect Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2011.04.004","article-title":"Bovine trypanosomosis in the Upper West Region of Ghana: parasitological, serological and entomological cross-sectional surveys","volume":"93","author":"Adam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0015","unstructured":"African Development Bank (AfDB), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Pan-African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign (PATTEC), 2004. Integrated area-wide programme for trypanosomiasis-free zones in Uganda. AfDB, IAEA and PATTEC, Kampala."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0020","series-title":"The Trypanosomiases","first-page":"491","article-title":"Insecticidal control of tsetse","author":"Allsopp","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0025","series-title":"Economic Issues in Trypanosomiasis Control","author":"Barrett","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-006-4343-2","article-title":"Evaluation of a preliminary trial to protect zero-grazed dairy cattle with insecticide treated mosquito netting in Western Kenya","volume":"38","author":"Bauer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0035","first-page":"81","article-title":"Cheap and safe tsetse control for livestock production and mixed farming in Africa","volume":"75","author":"Bourn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asp. Appl. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02242228","article-title":"Cost of different methods to control riverine tsetse in West Africa","volume":"20","author":"Brandl","year":"1988","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0045","article-title":"Economic Analysis","volume":"2","author":"Budd","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-8-15","article-title":"Towards the Atlas of human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"8","author":"Cecchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Health Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2009.08.011","article-title":"Geographic distribution and environmental characterization of livestock production systems in eastern Africa","volume":"135","author":"Cecchi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.2307\/2402892","article-title":"Further eradication of tsetse in the Chad and Gongola River systems of north-eastern Nigeria","volume":"8","author":"Davies","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0065","series-title":"The Trypanosomiases","first-page":"533","article-title":"Community participation in tsetse control: the principles, potential and practice","author":"Dransfield","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1257","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001257","article-title":"Improving the cost-effectiveness of visual devices for the control of riverine tsetse flies, the major vectors of human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"5","author":"Esterhuizen","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0075","series-title":"The Trypanosomiases","first-page":"565","article-title":"The sterile insect technique as a component of area-wide integrated pest management of tsetse","author":"Feldmann","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0080","first-page":"38","article-title":"Using a pest to attack itself\u2013the role of the sterile insect technique (SIT) in tsetse control","volume":"21","author":"Feldmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Publ. Health J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60140-2","article-title":"Bait methods for tsetse fly control","volume":"34","author":"Green","year":"1994","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1988.tb00184.x","article-title":"Tsetse: the limits to population growth","volume":"2","author":"Hargrove","year":"1988","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300000328","article-title":"A theoretical study of the invasion of cleared areas by tsetse flies","volume":"90","author":"Hargrove","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bull. Entomol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0100","series-title":"The Trypanosomiases","first-page":"113","article-title":"Tsetse population dynamics","author":"Hargrove","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1079\/BER2004335","article-title":"Extinction probabilities and times to extinction for populations of tsetse flies Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae) subjected to various control measures","volume":"95","author":"Hargrove","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull. Entomol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300041754","article-title":"Nutritional states of male tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) (Diptera: Glossinidae) caught in odour-baited traps and artificial refuges \u2013 models for feeding and digestion","volume":"83","author":"Hargrove","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bull. Entomol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1995.tb00166.x","article-title":"A cost\u2013benefit-analysis of feeding in female tsetse","volume":"9","author":"Hargrove","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1079\/BER2003234","article-title":"Insecticide-treated cattle against tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae): what governs success?","volume":"93","author":"Hargrove","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull. Entomol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0125","series-title":"The Trypanosomiases","first-page":"431","article-title":"Current chemotherapy of animal trypanosomiasis","author":"Holmes","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1038\/273607a0","article-title":"Principles of the eradication or control of tsetse flies","volume":"273","author":"Jordan","year":"1978","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2007.03.006","article-title":"Public-private partnership works to stamp out sleeping sickness in Uganda","volume":"23","author":"Kabasa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2006.07.007","article-title":"The use of aerial spraying to eliminate tsetse from the Okavango Delta of Botswana","volume":"99","author":"Kgori","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0145","unstructured":"Laker, C.D., 1998. Assessment of the economic impact of bovine trypanosomosis and its control in dairy cattle in Mukono County, Uganda. Ph.D. Thesis, Makerere University, Kampala."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0150","first-page":"35","article-title":"Lutte contre la maladie du sommeil dans le sud-ouest Ouganda par pi\u00e9gage des glossines","volume":"71","author":"Lancien","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann. Soc. Belg. Med. Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0155","first-page":"107","article-title":"La lutte contre les vecteurs de la Maladie du Sommeil","volume":"11","author":"Lancien","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Fr. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e474","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000474","article-title":"Improving the cost-effectiveness of artificial visual baits for controlling the tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes fuscipes","volume":"3","author":"Lindh","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.10.020","article-title":"Implications of the re-invasion of southeast Uganda by Glossina pallidipes on the epidemiology of bovine trypanosomiasis","volume":"128","author":"Magona","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-1796-z","article-title":"Protection of confined cattle against biting and nuisance flies (Muscidae: Diptera) with insecticide-treated nets in the Ghanaian forest zone at Kumasi","volume":"106","author":"Maia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2011.11.005","article-title":"Tsetse fly control in Kenya's spatially and temporally dynamic control reservoirs: a cost analysis","volume":"34","author":"McCord","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0180","series-title":"Proceedings of the 24th Meeting of the Biennial Conference of International Scientific Council for Trypanosomiasis Research and Control (ISCTRC)","first-page":"578","article-title":"Economic benefits to farmers of six years of application of an insecticidal \u2018pour-on\u2019 to control tsetse in Ghibe, southwest Ethiopia","author":"Mulatu","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1991.11812567","article-title":"A new approach to community participation in tsetse control in the Busoga sleeping sickness focus, Uganda \u2013 a preliminary-report","volume":"85","author":"Okoth","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0190","unstructured":"Putt, S.N.H., Shaw, A.P.M., Matthewman, R.W., Bourn, D.M., Underwood, M., James, A.D., Hallam, M.J., Ellis, P.R., 1980. The social and economic implications of trypanosomiasis control \u2013 a study of its impact on livestock production and rural development in northern Nigeria. Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics Research Unit, Study no. 25, Reading University, Reading."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0195","series-title":"The Trypanosomiases","first-page":"369","article-title":"The economics of African trypanosomiasis","author":"Shaw","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0200","unstructured":"Shaw, A., Hendrickx, G., Gilbert, M., Mattioli, R., Codjia, V., Dao, B., Diall, O., Mahama, C., Sidib\u00e9, I., Wint, W., 2006. Mapping the benefits: a new decision tool for tsetse and trypanosomiasis interventions. Research Report DFID Animal Health Programme, Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh and FAO Programme Against African Trypanosomiasis, Rome. Available at: http:\/\/www.fao.org\/ag\/againfo\/programmes\/en\/paat\/documents\/papers\/Paper_2006.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0205","unstructured":"Shaw, A., Torr, S., Waiswa, C., Robinson, T.P., 2007. Comparative costings of alternatives for dealing with tsetse: Estimates for Uganda. FAO Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative Working Paper, no. 40, Rome. Available at: http:\/\/www.fao.org\/ag\/againfo\/programmes\/en\/pplpi\/docarc\/wp40.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-9-57","article-title":"The Atlas of human African trypanosomiasis: a contribution to global mapping of neglected tropical diseases","volume":"9","author":"Simarro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Health. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1859","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001859","article-title":"Estimating and mapping the population at risk of sleeping sickness","volume":"6","author":"Simarro","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5877(95)00486-G","article-title":"Potential demand for a mixed public-private animal health input: evaluation of a pour-on insecticide for controlling tsetse-transmitted trypanosomiasis in Ethiopia","volume":"24","author":"Swallow","year":"1995","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1360","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001360","article-title":"Is the even distribution of insecticide-treated cattle essential for tsetse control? Modelling the impact of baits in heterogeneous environments","volume":"5","author":"Torr","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2006.00657.x","article-title":"Less is more: restricted application of insecticide to cattle to improve the cost and efficacy of tsetse control","volume":"21","author":"Torr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0235","series-title":"The Trypanosomiases","first-page":"509","article-title":"Development of bait technology to control tsetse","author":"Vale","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2005.00573.x","article-title":"User-friendly models of the costs and efficacy of tsetse control: application to sterilisation and insecticidal techniques","volume":"19","author":"Vale","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0245","series-title":"The Trypanosomiases","first-page":"525","article-title":"The application of bait technology to control tsetse","author":"Van den Bossche","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-0493-93.1.123","article-title":"Glossina austeni (Diptera: Glossinidae) eradicated on the island of Unguja, Zanzibar, using the sterile insect technique","volume":"93","author":"Vreysen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.01.011","article-title":"Crisis, what crisis? Control of Rhodesian sleeping sickness","volume":"22","author":"Welburn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300024688","article-title":"The control of Glossina pallidipes fuscipes Newstead in Kenya Colony","volume":"44","author":"Wilson","year":"1953","journal-title":"Bull. Entomol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0265","unstructured":"Wint, G.R.W., 2001. Kilometre resolution tsetse fly distribution maps for the Lake Victoria Basin and West Africa. Report to the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations\/International Atomic Energy Agency Programme. Environmental Research Group Oxford, Oxford."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0270","unstructured":"Wint, G.R.W., Robinson, T.P., 2007. Gridded Livestock of the World. FAO, Rome. Available at: http:\/\/www.fao.org\/docrep\/010\/a1259e\/a1259e00.htm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014_bib0275","series-title":"Proceedings 30th Biennial Conference of the. ISCTRC","first-page":"564","article-title":"Mapping the benefits II: Extending the concept of monetary maps of trypanosomiasis losses from western to eastern Africa","author":"Wint","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["Preventive Veterinary Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167587713000056?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167587713000056?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]],"date-time":"2018-10-18T10:50:14Z","timestamp":1539859814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167587713000056"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0167587713000056"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.12.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-5877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-5877","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}}}