{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T17:12:06Z","timestamp":1788628326334,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","prosdent.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T19:57:38Z","timestamp":1783108658000},"page":"734-745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of prosthetic screw modifications and tightening conditions on mechanical outcomes in screw-retained implant restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1432-2603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erfan","family":"Khorasani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0542-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hooman","family":"Khanzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6963-8289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Ali","family":"Mosaddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1338-0551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Flores-Fraile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1751-9207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fcl\u00e7e","family":"\u00c7akmak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8079-0860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Roccuzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Molinero-Mourelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06058-3","article-title":"Abutment connection structural changes in dual-retained and screw-retained metal-ceramic implant-supported restorations: An in vitro study, part I","volume":"25","author":"Habibzadeh","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12416","article-title":"Prosthetic failures in dental implant therapy","volume":"88","author":"Sailer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2025.102226","article-title":"The efficacy of techniques for managing fractured dental implant abutment screws: A systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Arshad","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Evid Based Dent Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40729-023-00473-3","article-title":"Preload and friction in an implant-abutment-screw complex including a carbon-coated titanium alloy abutment screw: An in vitro study","volume":"9","author":"Sagheb","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Implant Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17061414","article-title":"Preload and removal torque of two different prosthetic screw coatings\u2014A laboratory study","volume":"17","author":"Coelho","year":"2024","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib6","article-title":"Effects of abutment screw preload and preload simulation techniques on dental implant lifetime","volume":"1","author":"Satpathy","year":"2022","journal-title":"JADA Found Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18030506","article-title":"Factors influencing the screw stability of implant-supported single crowns: An in vitro study","volume":"18","author":"Bishti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib8","first-page":"e1355","article-title":"Preload loss of abutment screws after dynamic fatigue in single implant-supported restorations. A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Pardal-Pel\u00e1ez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2020.126089","article-title":"Effect of surface modification on the long-term stability of dental implant abutment screws by plasma nitriding treatment","volume":"399","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surf Coat Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0b013e31823fcbce","article-title":"Preload evaluation of different screws in external hexagon joint","volume":"21","author":"Assun\u00e7\u00e3o","year":"2012","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.4047\/jap.2015.7.5.375","article-title":"Loosening torque of Universal Abutment screws after cyclic loading: influence of tightening technique and screw coating","volume":"7","author":"Bacchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Adv Prosthodont"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2018.03.005","article-title":"The effect of DLC-coating deposition method on the reliability and mechanical properties of abutment's screws","volume":"34","author":"Bordin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1563\/aaid-joi-D-16-00145","article-title":"Influence of screw surface treatment on retention of implant-supported fixed partial dentures","volume":"43","author":"de Moura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib14","first-page":"1055","article-title":"Influence of diamondlike carbon-coated screws on the implant-abutment interface","volume":"27","author":"Diez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib15","first-page":"137","article-title":"Assessment of preload in carbon coated prosthetic screws","volume":"9","author":"Dziedzic","year":"2012","journal-title":"RSBO Rev Sul-Bras Odontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.3933","article-title":"Coating dental implant abutment screws with diamondlike carbon doped with diamond nanoparticles: The effect on maintaining torque after mechanical cycling","volume":"30","author":"Lepesqueur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-77572011000100013","article-title":"A rationale method for evaluating unscrewing torque values of prosthetic screws in dental implants","volume":"19","author":"Saliba","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.5576","article-title":"Efficacy of sealing agents on preload maintenance of screw-retained implant-supported prostheses","volume":"33","author":"Seloto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.7978","article-title":"Effectiveness of sealing gel on vertical misfit at the implant-abutment interface and preload maintenance of screw-retained implant-supported prostheses","volume":"35","author":"Seloto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-77572008000100011","article-title":"Preload and torque removal evaluation of three different abutment screws for single standing implant restorations","volume":"16","author":"St\u00fcker","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e209","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.3110","article-title":"Torque stability of different abutment screws submitted to mechanical cycling","volume":"28","author":"Vianna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2019.103530","article-title":"Effect of PEEK and PTFE coatings in fatigue performance of dental implant retaining screw joint: An in vitro study","volume":"103","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib23","article-title":"Evaluation the loosening of abutment screws in fluid contamination: an in vitro study","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.11.041","article-title":"Effect of lubricant on the reliability of dental implant abutment screw joint: An in vitro laboratory and three-dimension finite element analysis","volume":"75","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2016.06.018","article-title":"Improving the long-term stability of Ti6Al4V abutment screw by coating micro\/nano-crystalline diamond films","volume":"63","author":"Xie","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.11607\/ijp.6581","article-title":"Effect of surface modifications of abutment screws on reverse torque values: An in vitro study","volume":"33","author":"Colpak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06130-y","article-title":"Effect of fluid contamination on the removal torque of abutment screws","volume":"25","author":"Toprak","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18122921","article-title":"Screw coating as a solution to solve screw loosening complications: An in vitro study","volume":"18","author":"Coelho","year":"2025","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.06.032","article-title":"Resistance to loosening of intentionally shortened screws used to solve the unsuccessful removal of fractured prosthetic screws","volume":"132","author":"Agust\u00edn-Panadero","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18010125","article-title":"A Novel technique using polytetrafluoroethylene tape to solve screw loosening complication in implant-supported single crowns","volume":"18","author":"F\u00e9lix","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib31","first-page":"769","article-title":"Detorque force of TiN-coated abutment screw with various coating thickness after repeated closing and opening","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Korean Acad Prosthodont"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2504\/kds.70.11","article-title":"Comparison of preload values of dental implant abutment screws subjected to surface and non-surface treatments","volume":"70","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Kyushu Dent Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.34172\/joddd.2022.038","article-title":"Comparison of reverse torque values of abutment screws with the application of oil-based and water-based antibacterial agents","volume":"16","author":"Nourizadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1067\/mpr.2001.116230","article-title":"Implant abutment screw rotations and preloads for four different screw materials and surfaces","volume":"86","author":"Martin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2018.10.035","article-title":"Assessment of preload, remaining torque, and removal torque in abutment screws under different frictional conditions: A finite element analysis","volume":"121","author":"Bulaqi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2013.10.016","article-title":"Influence of lubricant on screw preload and stresses in a finite element model for a dental implant","volume":"112","author":"J\u00f6rn","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5053","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17205053","article-title":"Coating materials to prevent screw loosening in single dental implant crowns: A systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Coelho","year":"2024","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_459_16","article-title":"In vitro effect of chlorhexidine gel on torque and detorque values of implant abutment screw","volume":"28","author":"Asli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics8020157","article-title":"Effects of blood contamination and decontamination protocol on reverse torque value of abutment screws in dental implants: An in vitro study","volume":"8","author":"Adawi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomimetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70222","article-title":"The effects of laboratory contamination of implant abutment screw and connection on reverse torque value - An in vitro study","volume":"11","author":"Bahrami Maleki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.4103\/jispcd.JISPCD_318_21","article-title":"Retrieval of fractured implant abutment screws: A narrative review","volume":"12","author":"Nayana","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Int Soc Prev Community Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.4103\/jips.jips_295_20","article-title":"Management of perishing implants with abutment screw fracture - A systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Raju","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Indian Prosthodont Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2017.05.016","article-title":"A risk-based decision making tree for managing fractured abutment and prosthetic screws: A systematic review","volume":"119","author":"Mizumoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib44","first-page":"32","article-title":"Implant abutment screw fracture and techniques of retrieval: A literature review based on a novel abutment screw fracture classification","volume":"15","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Osseointegration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71547","article-title":"Standardizing methodologies in prosthodontics to improve research reliability and peer review efficiency: A perspective-based proposal","volume":"8","author":"Mosaddad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib47","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604.ch10","article-title":"Group obotCSM. Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses","author":"Deeks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Handbook Syst Rev Intervent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2307\/3001666","article-title":"The combination of estimates from different experiments","volume":"10","author":"Cochran","year":"1954","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.10008","article-title":"Sensitivity analysis with iterative outlier detection for systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"43","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2022.05.019","article-title":"Development and validation of a risk-of-bias tool for assessing in vitro studies conducted in dentistry: The QUIN","volume":"131","author":"Sheth","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13916","article-title":"In vitro study to analyze reverse torque values of attachment screws with multiple loosening\/tightening preload cycles","volume":"34","author":"Alhameed","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Prosthodont"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9693239","article-title":"Analysis of torque maintenance and fracture resistance after fatigue in retention screws made of different metals for screw-retained implant-borne prosthesis joints","volume":"2021","author":"Bello Taborda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib56","first-page":"316","article-title":"A comparison of preload values in gold and titanium dental implant retaining screws","volume":"69","author":"Doolabh","year":"2014","journal-title":"S Afr Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib57","first-page":"733","article-title":"An in vitro load evaluation of a conical implant system with 2 abutment designs and 3 different retaining-screw alloys","volume":"21","author":"Erneklint","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib58","first-page":"833","article-title":"An in vitro comparison of joint stability of implant-supported fixed prosthetic suprastructures retained with different prosthetic screws and levels of fit under masticatory simulation conditions","volume":"27","author":"Farina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib59","first-page":"243","article-title":"Comparing titanium and gold-coated abutment screws for immediate loading of dental implants in partially edentulous patients. Four-year post-loading results from a randomised controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Glibert","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Osseointegr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2018.02.014","article-title":"Removal torque and force to failure of non-axially tightened implant abutment screws","volume":"121","author":"Goldberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1097\/00008505-199600510-00003","article-title":"Ultimate tensile strength of five interchangeable prosthetic retaining screws","volume":"5","author":"Jaarda","year":"1996","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107BOR-2014.vol28.0028","article-title":"Fracture resistance of abutment screws made of titanium, polyetheretherketone, and carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone","volume":"28","author":"Neumann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/039463200702001s05","article-title":"SEM and fractography analysis of screw thread loosening in dental implants","volume":"20","author":"Scarano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2016.06.024","article-title":"The applicability of PEEK-based abutment screws","volume":"63","author":"Schwitalla","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib65","first-page":"1","article-title":"The morphology of collected dental implant prosthesis screws surface after six months to twenty years in chewing","volume":"3","author":"Secatto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dent Oral Craniofac Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-64402010000100002","article-title":"Effect of retorque on loosening torque of prosthetic screws under two levels of fit of implant-supported dentures","volume":"21","author":"Spazzin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Braz Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.9499","article-title":"Effect of abutment cooling on reverse torque values of abutment screws: An in vitro study","volume":"38","author":"Srimurugan-Thayanithi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2020.01.018","article-title":"Abutment screw torque changes with straight and angled screw-access channels","volume":"125","author":"Swamidass","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.05.018","article-title":"Effect of implant abutment screw materials and tightening protocols on reverse tightening values: An in vitro study","volume":"132","author":"Alnasser","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.4103\/jips.jips_147_23","article-title":"To determine the effect of plasma nitriding treatment 56 on screw loosening and surface topography of different 78 implant-abutment screw systems with and without thermocycling: An in vitro study","volume":"23","author":"Haokip","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Indian Prosthodont Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14120567","article-title":"Fracture resistance of a two-piece zirconia implant system after artificial loading and\/or hydrothermal aging-An in vitro investigation","volume":"14","author":"Kohal","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Funct Biomater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2023.128381","article-title":"Investigation on fatigue life of HAp and rGO hybrid coating on the PEEK artificial screws for dental implant","volume":"309","author":"Baligidad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib73","first-page":"740","article-title":"A study on mechanical properties of TiN, ZrN and WC coated film on the titanium alloy surface","volume":"44","author":"Oh","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Korean Acad Prosthodont"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib74","first-page":"1061","article-title":"Effectiveness of screw surface coating on the stability of zirconia abutments after cyclic loading","volume":"27","author":"Bas\u00edlio Mde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.3344","article-title":"Loss of preload in screwed implant joints as a function of time and tightening\/untightening sequences","volume":"29","author":"Bernardes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022391326004476?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022391326004476?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T16:30:24Z","timestamp":1788625824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022391326004476"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022391326004476"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3913"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3913","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of prosthetic screw modifications and tightening conditions on mechanical outcomes in screw-retained implant restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2026.06.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Editorial Council of The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}