{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T00:55:35Z","timestamp":1793667335721,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":200,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pathology - Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T19:23:45Z","timestamp":1749669825000},"page":"156080","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["High-altitude physiology: Understanding molecular, pharmacological and clinical insights"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"272","author":[{"given":"B. M. Redwan Matin","family":"Zidan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehrukh","family":"Zehravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaik","family":"Kareemulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kallam Sudha Divya","family":"Madhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeetendra Kumar","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Voleti Vijaya","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jishan","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali G.","family":"Alkhathami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayeen Uddin","family":"Khandaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talha Bin","family":"Emran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2024.0119","article-title":"Genetic associations with the susceptibility to High-Altitude pulmonary edema in the Japanese population","author":"Droma","year":"2025","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arres.2025.100127","article-title":"Recent updates on sickness during acute high-altitude hypoxic exposure and its management","volume":"15","author":"Mohanty","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Redox Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0096-2016","article-title":"Acute high-altitude sickness","volume":"26","author":"Luks","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_921_24","article-title":"Clinical profile of High-Altitude cerebral edema: a case series","volume":"28","author":"Bhartiya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Indian Acad. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib5","article-title":"Exploring hypoxia-induced ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung cancer","volume":"263","author":"Thangavelu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3539","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-009-0147-7","article-title":"Hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), HIF hydroxylases and oxygen sensing","volume":"66","author":"Webb","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2010.02.003","article-title":"Acute mountain sickness: pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment","volume":"52","author":"Imray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"issue":"345 (","key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib8","article-title":"High -a ltitude I llness","author":"Hackett","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70014-6","article-title":"The cerebral effects of ascent to high altitudes","volume":"8","author":"Wilson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2016.0031","article-title":"Chronic mountain sickness: clinical aspects, etiology, management, and treatment","volume":"17","author":"Villafuerte","year":"2016","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2007.08.002","article-title":"S. Sario\u01e7lu, Renal failure in high altitude: renal functions, renal pathology and bone mineralization in rats with ablation nephropathy at 1200 m altitude","volume":"203","author":"Soylu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-020-01875-3","article-title":"Adventurous tourism: acclimatization problems and decisions in trans-boundary travels","volume":"65","author":"Grigorieva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biometeorol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92191","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092191","article-title":"AltitudeOmics: the integrative physiology of human acclimatization to hypobaric hypoxia and its retention upon reascent","volume":"9","author":"Subudhi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200212000-00005","article-title":"Acute mountain sickness: influence of susceptibility, preexposure, and ascent rate","volume":"34","author":"Schneider","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"82 (","key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib15","article-title":"Altitude illness: risk factors, prevention, presentation, and treatment","author":"Fiore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2025.106270","article-title":"High altitude exposure and the birth prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns with Down syndrome","volume":"205","author":"Linares","year":"2025","journal-title":"Early Hum. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/2049463713489539","article-title":"Acute high-altitude illness: a clinically orientated review","volume":"7","author":"Smedley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Pain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2004.5.341","article-title":"Pulse oximetry in the diagnosis of acute mountain sickness","volume":"5","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2004","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2009.1060","article-title":"Prediction of acute mountain sickness by monitoring arterial oxygen saturation during ascent","volume":"11","author":"Karinen","year":"2010","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1580\/06-WEME-BR-084.1","article-title":"Acute mountain sickness in children and their parents after rapid ascent to 3500 m (Putre, Chile)","volume":"19","author":"Moraga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-4-200308190-00007","article-title":"Obesity: associations with acute mountain sickness","author":"Ri-Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-007-0131-0","article-title":"Prediction of the susceptibility to AMS in simulated altitude","author":"Burtscher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep. Breath."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwaf071","article-title":"Closing the loop: autonomous intelligent control for hypoxia pre-acclimatization and high-altitude health management","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Natl. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3161","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.204.18.3161","article-title":"Frontiers of hypoxia research: acute mountain sickness","volume":"204","author":"Roach","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(96)80049-5","article-title":"Pulmonary, vascular responses in rats exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia at two different altitude levels","volume":"192","author":"Nakanishi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1580\/PR18-04.1","article-title":"Awareness of altitude sickness among a sample of trekkers in Nepal","volume":"16","author":"Glazer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib27","first-page":"441","article-title":"High altitude sickness - review","volume":"95","author":"Gu\u00f6mundsson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Laeknabladid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6034.495","article-title":"Mountain sickness, retinal haemorrhages, and acclimatisation on Mount Everest in 1975","volume":"2","author":"CLARKE","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.292.6513.98","article-title":"Increased capillary fragility at high altitude","volume":"292","author":"Hunter","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.63.737.179","article-title":"The origin of proteinuria at high altitude","volume":"63","author":"Winterborn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.H. Coote, Medicine and Mechanisms in Altitude Sickness, Sport. Med. 20 (1995) 148\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00007256-199520030-00003\/METRICS.","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199520030-00003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib32","first-page":"359","article-title":"Acute mountain sickness in jade mountain climbers of Taiwan","volume":"73","author":"Kao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2017.0164","article-title":"The 2018 lake louise acute mountain sickness score","volume":"19","author":"Roach","year":"2018","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00861.2019","article-title":"High-altitude cerebral edema: its own entity or end-stage acute mountain sickness?","volume":"131","author":"Turner","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(65)90353-4","article-title":"High-altitude pulmonary edema","volume":"70","author":"Singh","year":"1965","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(76)91677-9","article-title":"H.D. Levine, the incidence, importance, and prophylaxis of acute mountain sickness","volume":"308","author":"Hackett","year":"1976","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6756.853","article-title":"Prevalence of acute mountain sickness in the Swiss Alps","volume":"301","author":"Maggiorini","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib38","first-page":"731","article-title":"High altitude: an exploration of human adaptation","author":"Hornbein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lung Biol. Heal. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196901232800402","article-title":"Acute mountain sickness","volume":"280","author":"Singh","year":"1969","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000435563.84986.78","article-title":"Hemosiderin deposition in the brain as footprint of high-altitude cerebral edema","volume":"81","author":"Schommer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201108-1396OC","article-title":"Physiological risk factors for severe high-altitude illness: a prospective cohort study","volume":"185","author":"Richalet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2008.1043","article-title":"Effect of ascent protocol on acute mountain sickness and success at Muztagh Ata, 7546 m","volume":"10","author":"Bloch","year":"2009","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2011.1084","article-title":"Reappraisal of acetazolamide for the prevention of acute mountain sickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Kayser","year":"2012","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2013.1073","article-title":"Prevalence of acute mountain sickness at 3500m within and between families: a prospective cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Kriemler","year":"2014","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-8-199304150-00003","article-title":"Acute mountain sickness in a general tourist population at moderate altitudes","volume":"118","author":"Honigman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1089\/152702901750067882","article-title":"Acute mountain sickness; prophylactic benefits of antioxidant vitamin supplementation at high altitude","volume":"2","author":"Bailey","year":"2001","journal-title":"HIGH Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.159855","article-title":"Altered free radical metabolism in acute mountain sickness: implications for dynamic cerebral autoregulation and blood-brain barrier function","volume":"587","author":"Bailey","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf257","article-title":"H.H. Marti, Hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression causes vascular leakage in the brain","volume":"125","author":"Schoch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.60.4.1407","article-title":"Low acute hypoxic ventilatory response and hypoxic depression in acute altitude sickness","volume":"60","author":"Moore","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib50","unstructured":"C.W. Harris, J.L. Shields, J.P. Hannon, Acute altitude sickness in females, Glinical Aviat. Aerosp. Med. (1966)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1089\/15270290050144163","article-title":"Acute medical problems in the Himalayas outside the setting of altitude sickness","volume":"1","author":"Basnyat","year":"2000","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7165.1063","article-title":"ABC of oxygen: oxygen at high altitude","volume":"317","author":"Peacock","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib53","first-page":"315","article-title":"Hypoxia and fatigue: how are they related","author":"Bigland-Ritchie","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hypoxia Tolerable Limits"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.28.5.449","article-title":"Effect of alterations in the arterial carbon dioxide tension on the blood flow through the cerebral cortex at normal and low arterial blood pressures","volume":"28","author":"Harper","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00643507","article-title":"The effect of high altitude on saliva aldosterone and glucocorticoid concentrations","author":"McLean","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.65.5.1929","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide in acute mountain sickness","volume":"65","author":"Bartsch","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra020529","article-title":"Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients","volume":"348","author":"Cooper","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2000.88.1.246","article-title":"Women at altitude: carbohydrate utilization during exercise at 4,300 m","volume":"88","author":"Braun","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.241bf.x","article-title":"The effect of altitude hypoxia on glucose homeostasis in men","volume":"504","author":"Larsen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.039","article-title":"High altitude sickness. Is acute cortisol deficiency involved in its pathophysiology?","volume":"63","author":"Panesar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/30374","article-title":"Human gene for physical performance","volume":"393","author":"Montgomery","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198005083021907","article-title":"High-altitude pulmonary edema in persons without the right pulmonary artery","volume":"302","author":"Hackett","year":"1980","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.64.6.2605","article-title":"The lung at high altitude: bronchoalveolar lavage in acute mountain sickness and pulmonary edema","volume":"64","author":"Schoene","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib64","article-title":"Pathological interplay of NF-\u03baB and M1 macrophages in chronic inflammatory lung diseases","volume":"269","author":"Alanazi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)91000-9","article-title":"Enhanced left ventricular systolic performance at high altitude during operation everest II","volume":"60","author":"Suarez","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.44.5.759","article-title":"Abnormal circulatory responses to high altitude in subjects with a previous history of high-altitude pulmonary edema","volume":"44","author":"Hultgren","year":"1971","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/S1011-1344(96)00018-8","article-title":"Increase in solar UV radiation with altitude","volume":"39","author":"Blumthaler","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.69.031905.162529","article-title":"Hypoxia tolerance in reptiles, amphibians, and fishes: life with variable oxygen availability","volume":"69","author":"Bickler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1997.tb00018.x","article-title":"The natural history of amphibian skin secretions, their normal functioning and potential medical applications","volume":"72","author":"Clarke","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/415389a","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms","volume":"415","author":"Zasloff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.34.471","article-title":"Acute exposure to solar simulated ultraviolet radiation affects oxidative stress-related biomarkers in skin, liver and blood of hairless mice","volume":"34","author":"Svobodov\u00e1","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.033506","article-title":"Oxygen sensing by mitochondria at complex III: the paradox of increased reactive oxygen species during hypoxia","volume":"91","author":"Guzy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.53.6.1487","article-title":"Effect of change in P50 on exercise tolerance at high altitude: a theoretical study","volume":"53","author":"Bencowitz","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-020-02037-1","article-title":"High-altitude hypoxia induced reactive oxygen species generation, signaling, and mitigation approaches","volume":"65","author":"Gaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biometeorol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.624544","article-title":"The heart and pulmonary circulation at high altitudes: healthy highlanders and chronic mountain sickness","volume":"115","author":"Penaloza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2015.08.016","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species, nutrition, hypoxia and diseases: problems solved?","volume":"6","author":"G\u00f6rlach","year":"2015","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/978-90-481-2259-2_24","article-title":"Upregulation of erythropoietin and its receptor expression in the rat carotid body during chronic and intermittent hypoxia","volume":"648","author":"Lam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00128.2013","article-title":"Denis jourdanet (1815-1892) and the early recognition of the role of hypoxia at high altitude","volume":"305","author":"West","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1113\/JP278673","article-title":"CrossTalk proposal: barometric pressure, independent of PO2, is the forgotten parameter in altitude physiology and mountain medicine","volume":"598","author":"Millet","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1113\/JP279160","article-title":"CrossTalk opposing view: barometric pressure, independent of PO2, is not the forgotten parameter in altitude physiology and mountain medicine","volume":"598","author":"Richalet","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-7-200504050-00023","article-title":"The physiologic basis of high-altitude diseases","volume":"142","author":"Pun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.01.021","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factors in physiology and Medicine","volume":"148","author":"Semenza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2012.12.003","article-title":"Regulation of erythropoiesis by hypoxia-inducible factors","volume":"27","author":"Haase","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2008.12","article-title":"Biology of HIF-1\u03b1","volume":"15","author":"Weidemann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20071249","article-title":"Mitochondria and cellular oxygen sensing in the HIF pathway","volume":"409","author":"Taylor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527315666160920123911","article-title":"Blood-Brain barrier changes in high altitude","volume":"15","author":"V. Lafuente","year":"2016","journal-title":"CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2018.0066","article-title":"Possible role of glymphatic system of the brain in the pathogenesis of high-altitude cerebral edema","volume":"19","author":"Simka","year":"2018","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199110313251805","article-title":"Prevention of High-Altitude pulmonary edema by nifedipine","volume":"325","author":"Bartsch","year":"1991","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.17.2228","article-title":"Pathogenesis of High-Altitude pulmonary edema inflammation is not an etiologic factor","volume":"287","author":"Swenson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2014.1117","article-title":"Exaggerated hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction without susceptibility to high altitude pulmonary edema","volume":"16","author":"Dehnert","year":"2015","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-34817-9_23","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in high-altitude dwellers: novel mechanisms, unsuspected predisposing factors","volume":"588","author":"Scherrer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97554-7","article-title":"Oxygen saturation and acute mountain sickness during repeated altitude exposures simulating high-altitude working schedules","volume":"15","author":"Waldner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2019.1613370","article-title":"The transcriptional factors HIF-1 and HIF-2 and their NovelInhibitors in cancer therapy","volume":"14","author":"Albadari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2008.05.002","article-title":"Regulation of gene expression by hypoxia: integration of the HIF-transduced hypoxic signal at the hypoxia-responsive element","volume":"395","author":"Kaluz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2012.12.003","article-title":"Regulation of erythropoiesis by hypoxia-inducible factors","volume":"27","author":"Haase","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-025-01418-6","article-title":"Neurological manifestations associated with exercise at altitude","volume":"25","author":"Marengo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5278.107066","article-title":"High altitude pulmonary edema-clinical features, pathophysiology, prevention and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Paralikar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/35106641","article-title":"Pulmonary nitric oxide in mountain dwellers","volume":"414","author":"Beall","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17215","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.252649199","article-title":"An Ethiopian pattern of human adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia","volume":"99","author":"Beall","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pnas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3151","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.204.18.3151","article-title":"Genetic approaches to understanding human adaptation to altitude in the Andes","volume":"204","author":"Rupert","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199807)106:3<385::AID-AJPA10>3.0.CO;2-X","article-title":"Hemoglobin concentration of high-altitude Tibetans and bolivian aymara","volume":"106","author":"Beall","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8655","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0701985104","article-title":"Two routes to functional adaptation: Tibetan and andean high-altitude natives","author":"Beall","year":"2007","journal-title":"PNAS 104"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.74.1.303","article-title":"Hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness in Tibetan compared with han residents of 3,658 m","volume":"74","author":"Zhuang","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2007.03.004","article-title":"Population genetic aspects and phenotypic plasticity of ventilatory responses in high altitude natives","volume":"158","author":"Brutsaert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-8997-0_24","article-title":"Proposal for scoring severity in chronic mountain sickness (CMS) background and conclusions of the CMS working group","volume":"543","author":"Leon-Velarde","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1078311","article-title":"Genetic structure of human populations","volume":"298","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science (80.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1086\/427888","article-title":"Genetic structure, self-identified race\/ethnicity, and confounding in case-control association studies","volume":"76","author":"Tang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2007.1076","article-title":"High altitude adaptation: genetic perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Stobdan","year":"2008","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-anthro-102313-030000","article-title":"Adaptation to high altitude: phenotypes and genotypes","volume":"43","author":"Beall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Anthr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ecolsys-110218-025014","article-title":"Life ascending: mechanism and process in physiological adaptation to High-Altitude hypoxia","volume":"50","author":"Storz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. OfEcology Evol. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(1998)107:27+<25::AID-AJPA3>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Human adaptation to high altitude: regional and Life-Cycle perspectives","volume":"41","author":"Moore","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Biol. Anthr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00684.2001","article-title":"Determinants of erythropoietin release in response to short-term hypobaric hypoxia","volume":"92","author":"Ge","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.2085.2007","article-title":"Erythropoietin levels in lowlanders and high-altitude natives at 3450 m","volume":"78","author":"Basu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aviat. Sp. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-1077fje","article-title":"New aspects of altitude adaptation in Tibetans: a proteomic approach","author":"Gelfi","year":"2004","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1089\/152702902753639531","article-title":"Analysis of the myoglobin gene in Tibetans living at high altitude","volume":"3","author":"Moore","year":"2002","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-9877(03)00178-6","article-title":"Genetic variation in hypoxia-inducible factor 1\u03b1 and its possible association with high altitude adaptation in sherpas","volume":"61","author":"Suzuki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1991.71.1.136","article-title":"Enhanced exercise-induced rise of aldosterone and vasopressin preceding mountain sickness","volume":"71","author":"Bartsch","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.07.116","article-title":"Predominance of interaction among wild-type alleles of CYP11B2 in himalayan natives associates with high-altitude adaptation","volume":"348","author":"Rajput","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.1.9908039","article-title":"Exhaled nitric oxide in high-altitude pulmonary edema: role in the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone and evidence for a role against inflammation","volume":"162","author":"Duplain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17593","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707462104","article-title":"Higher blood flow and circulating NO products offset high-altitude hypoxia among Tibetans","volume":"104","author":"Erzurum","year":"2007","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib121","first-page":"260","article-title":"Simultaneous selection of the Wild-type genotypes of the G894T and 4B\/ 4A polymorphisms of NOS3 associate with High-altitude adaptation","volume":"69","author":"Ahsan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2005.6.147","article-title":"Consensus statement on chronic and subacute high altitude diseases","volume":"6","author":"Le\u00f3n-Velarde","year":"2005","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00273.2001","article-title":"Chronic hypoxia attenuates cGMP-dependent pulmonary vasodilation","volume":"282","author":"Jernigan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1128","article-title":"Additional SNPs and linkage-disequilibrium analyses are necessary for whole-genome association studies in humans","volume":"33","author":"Carlson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.4138406","article-title":"The portability of tagSNPs across populations: a worldwide survey","volume":"16","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Neira","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1086\/381000","article-title":"Selecting a maximally informative set of Single-Nucleotide polymorphisms for association analyses using linkage disequilibrium","volume":"74","author":"Carlson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11143937","article-title":"Pathophysiology and therapy of High-Altitude sickness: practical approach in emergency and critical care","volume":"11","author":"Savioli","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjem.2019.09.002","article-title":"High-altitude illness: management approach","volume":"19","author":"Aksel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk. J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2023.05.013","article-title":"Wilderness medical society clinical practice guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of acute altitude illness: 2024 update","volume":"35","author":"Luks","year":"2024","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taz106","article-title":"The use of acetazolamide for the prevention of high-altitude illness","volume":"27","author":"Shlim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Travel Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib131","first-page":"1","article-title":"The use of acetazolamide for the prevention of high-altitude illness","volume":"27","author":"Shlim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Travel Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00443.2015","article-title":"Pharmacology of acute mountain sickness: old drugs and newer thinking","volume":"120","author":"Swenson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1177\/1753465816677006","article-title":"The effect of acetazolamide on sleep apnea at high altitude: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Respir. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2006.7.17","article-title":"Acetazolamide 125 mg BD is not significantly different from 375 mg BD in the prevention of acute mountain sickness: the prophylactic acetazolamide dosage comparison for efficacy (PACE) trial","volume":"7","author":"Basnyat","year":"2006","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2018.09.002","article-title":"Reduced acetazolamide dosing in countering altitude illness: a comparison of 62.5 vs 125 mg (the RADICAL Trial)","volume":"30","author":"McIntosh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)91851-5","article-title":"Nifedipine for high altitude pulmonary oedema","volume":"334","author":"Oelz","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2010.1075","article-title":"Dexamethasone improves maximal exercise capacity of individuals susceptible to high altitude pulmonary edema at 4559","volume":"12","author":"Siebenmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"M. High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.55460\/5JV1-0FIP","article-title":"The use of dexamethasone in support of high-altitude ground operations and physical performance: review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"O\u2019Hara","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Spec. Oper. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2014.07.047","article-title":"Inhaled budesonide prevents acute mountain sickness in young Chinese men","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2017.0113","article-title":"Inhaled budesonide does not affect hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction at 4559 meters of altitude","volume":"19","author":"Berger","year":"2018","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2018.1528228","article-title":"Advances in the available non-biological pharmacotherapy prevention and treatment of acute mountain sickness and high altitude cerebral and pulmonary oedema","volume":"19","author":"Joyce","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1089\/1527029041352054","article-title":"High altitude cerebral edema","volume":"5","author":"Hackett","year":"2004","journal-title":"High Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00955.2014","article-title":"Physiology in Medicine: a physiologic approach to prevention and treatment of acute high-altitude illnesses","volume":"118","author":"Luks","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(87)90937-5","article-title":"A randomized trial of dexamethasone and acetazolamide for acute mountain sickness prophylaxis","volume":"83","author":"Ellsworth","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-145-7-200610030-00007","article-title":"Both tadalafil and dexamethasone May reduce the incidence of High-Altitude pulmonary edema a randomized trial","volume":"145","author":"Maggiorini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013183","article-title":"Salmeterol for the prevention of high-altitude pulmonary edema","volume":"346","author":"Sartori","year":"2002","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smhs.2021.04.001","article-title":"High-altitude illnesses: old stories and new insights into the pathophysiology, treatment and prevention","volume":"3","author":"Burtscher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sport. Med. Heal. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00109","article-title":"The role of nitrogen oxides in human adaptation to hypoxia","volume":"1","author":"Levett","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2832","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.6.2832","article-title":"Intracellular processing of endothelial nitric oxide synthase isoforms associated with differences in severity of cardiopulmonary diseases: cleavage of proteins with aspartate vs. Glutamate at position 298","volume":"97","author":"Tesauro","year":"2000","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2004.029124","article-title":"eNOS allelic variants at the same locus associate with HAPE and adaptation","volume":"59","author":"Ahsan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2006.7.209","article-title":"Genetic contribution of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene to high altitude adaptation in sherpas","volume":"7","author":"Droma","year":"2006","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5278.64608","article-title":"High-altitude medicine","volume":"14","author":"Paralikar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(91)90635-6","article-title":"Pharmacological control of altitude sickness","volume":"12","author":"Coote","year":"1991","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib154","first-page":"19","article-title":"High altitude headache: treatment with ibuprofen, aviat. Sp","volume":"65","author":"Broome","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/384560a0","article-title":"Sensitization of meningeal sensory neurons and the origin of headaches","volume":"384","author":"Strassman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4711-2_13","article-title":"High altitude headache","volume":"474","author":"del Rio","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lessons Headaches sea Lev. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(00)80043-0","article-title":"Over-the-counter analgesics and antipyretics: a critical assessment","volume":"22","author":"Hersh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2010.06.009","article-title":"Prospective, Double-Blind, randomized, Placebo-Controlled comparison of acetazolamide versus ibuprofen for prophylaxis against high altitude headache: the headache evaluation at altitude trial (HEAT)","volume":"21","author":"Gertsch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(03)00034-9","article-title":"High altitude headache: efficacy of acetaminophen vs. Ibuprofen in a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Harris","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2012.08.001","article-title":"Altitude sickness in climbers and efficacy of NSAIDs trial (ASCENT): randomized, controlled trial of ibuprofen versus placebo for prevention of altitude illness","volume":"23","author":"Gertsch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2012.01.019","article-title":"Ibuprofen prevents altitude illness: a randomized controlled trial for prevention of altitude illness with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories","volume":"59","author":"Lipman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2019.11.005","article-title":"Prospective double-blinded randomized field-based clinical trial of metoclopramide and ibuprofen for the treatment of high altitude headache and acute mountain sickness","author":"Irons","year":"2020","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med. 31"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2016.12.011","article-title":"Prophylactic acetaminophen or ibuprofen result in equivalent acute mountain sickness incidence at high altitude: a prospective randomized trial","volume":"28","author":"Kanaan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-6-461","article-title":"Acetazolamide in the treatment of acute mountain sickness: clinical efficacy and effect on gas exchange","author":"Grissom","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196810172791601","article-title":"Effect of acetazolamide on acute mountain sickness","volume":"279","author":"Forwand","year":"1968","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00113102","article-title":"Theophylline and acetazolamide reduce sleep-disordered breathing at high altitude","volume":"23","author":"Fischer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2011.07.002","article-title":"Improving sleep at altitude: a comparison of therapies","volume":"22","author":"Rodway","year":"2011","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-0375","article-title":"Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome benefit from acetazolamide during an altitude sojourn: a randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind trial","volume":"141","author":"Nussbaumer-Ochsner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0317","article-title":"Sex and acetazolamide effects on chemoreflex and periodic breathing during sleep at altitude","volume":"147","author":"Caravita","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1089\/152702903321488979","article-title":"Efficacy of Low-dose acetazolamide (125 mg BID) for the prophylaxis of acute mountain sickness: a prospective, Double-blind, randomized, Placebo-controlled trial","volume":"4","author":"Basnyat","year":"2004","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38043.501690.7C","article-title":"Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled comparison of ginkgo biloba and acetazolamide for prevention of acute mountain sickness among himalayan trekkers: the prevention of high altitude illness trial (PHAIT)","volume":"328","author":"Gertsch","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1089\/152702904322963672","article-title":"A Dose\u2013Response study of acetazolamide for acute mountain sickness prophylaxis in vacationing tourists at 12,000 feet (3630 m)","volume":"5","author":"Carlsten","year":"2004","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2011.10.003","article-title":"Nifedipine for the treatment of high altitude pulmonary edema","volume":"23","author":"Deshwal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199110313251805","article-title":"Prevention of high-altitude pulmonary edema by nifedipine","volume":"325","author":"Bartsch","year":"1991","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.05003","article-title":"Ambulatory blood pressure in untreated and treated hypertensive patients at high altitude: the high altitude cardiovascular Research-Andes study","volume":"65","author":"Bilo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.12051181","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in high-altitude chronic hypoxia: response to nifedipine","volume":"12","author":"Antezana","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1024598","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of high altitude pulmonary edema by a calcium channel blocker","author":"Oelz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Med. 13"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(87)90937-5","article-title":"A randomized trial of dexamethasone and acetazolamide for acute mountain sickness prophylaxis","volume":"83","author":"Ellsworth","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420050084045","article-title":"Effects of dexamethasone on the incidence of acute mountain sickness at two intermediate altitudes","volume":"261","author":"Montgomery","year":"1989","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-145-7-200610030-00007","article-title":"Both tadalafil and dexamethasone May reduce the incidence of high-altitude pulmonary edema: a randomized trial","volume":"145","author":"Maggiorini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.294.6584.1380","article-title":"Successful treatment of acute mountain sickness with dexamethasone","volume":"294","author":"Ferrazzini","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1580\/0953-9859-1.3.162","article-title":"High altitude pulmonary edema after successful treatment of acute mountain sickness with dexamethasone","author":"B\u00e4rtsch","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Wilderness Med. 1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199603073341003","article-title":"Inhaled nitric oxide for High-Altitude pulmonary edema","volume":"334","author":"Scherrer","year":"1996","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.22.2441","article-title":"Effects of inhaled nitric oxide and oxygen in High-Altitude pulmonary edema","volume":"98","author":"Anand","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91303-3","article-title":"U. 1995, ibuprofen versus sumatriptan for high-altitude headache","volume":"346","author":"Burtscher","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1024600","article-title":"Treatment of high altitude diseases without drugs","volume":"13","author":"Bartsch","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib187","article-title":"High-altitude illness","volume":"46","author":"Haroutunian","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/jtm.12017","article-title":"Hypoxia-related altitude illnesses","volume":"20","author":"Netzer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Travel Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1214870","article-title":"Acute high-altitude illnesses","volume":"368","author":"B\u00e4rtsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(83)90085-3","article-title":"Climbing mt. Everest without oxygen: an analysis of maximal exercise during extreme hypoxia","volume":"52","author":"West","year":"1983","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2015.0021","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness of high altitude mountaineers: the underestimated prerequisite","volume":"16","author":"Burtscher","year":"2015","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/324517a0","article-title":"Highest inhabitants in the world","volume":"324","author":"West","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib193","first-page":"32","article-title":"Man at high altitude: studies carried out in the himalaya","author":"Pugh","year":"1964","journal-title":"Sci. Basis Med. Annu. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-1237(04)80018-2","article-title":"Treatment of acute mountain sickness and high altitude pulmonary oedema","volume":"60","author":"Kapoor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med. J. Armed Forces India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2006.7.193","article-title":"High altitude adaptation in Tibetans","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2008.1004","article-title":"Pulmonary hemodynamics in children living at high altitudes","volume":"9","author":"Penaloza","year":"2008","journal-title":"High. Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2007.05.004","article-title":"Postnatal cardiopulmonary adaptations to high altitude","volume":"158","author":"Huicho","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22367","article-title":"Developmental functional adaptation to high altitude: review","volume":"25","author":"Frisancho","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2010-11-9-133","article-title":"Living the high life: high-altitude adaptation","volume":"11","author":"Scheinfeldt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icj004","article-title":"Andean, Tibetan, and Ethiopian patterns of adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia","volume":"46","author":"Beall","year":"2006","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Biol."}],"container-title":["Pathology - Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0344033825002730?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0344033825002730?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T14:38:53Z","timestamp":1753799933000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0344033825002730"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":200,"alternative-id":["S0344033825002730"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080","relation":{},"ISSN":["0344-0338"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0344-0338","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"High-altitude physiology: Understanding molecular, pharmacological and clinical insights","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pathology - Research and Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156080","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier GmbH. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"156080"}}