{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T10:49:08Z","timestamp":1778755748624,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["practicalradonc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Practical Radiation Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,9]],"date-time":"2024-11-09T05:53:08Z","timestamp":1731131588000},"page":"e221-e229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Radiation Therapy for Graves\u2019 Ophthalmopathy: When Is the Optimal Timing of Treatment and Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6237-891X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji Hyun","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyu Hye","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Sang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suk Woo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeon-Sil","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2018.09.002","article-title":"Graves\u2019 disease: Introduction, epidemiology, endogenous and environmental pathogenic factors","volume":"79","author":"W\u00e9meau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30485-7","article-title":"Choice of therapy and criteria for assessing treatment outcome in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"16","author":"Bahn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0905750","article-title":"Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy","volume":"362","author":"Bahn","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0004","first-page":"177","article-title":"Development and course of exophthalmos and ophthalmoplegia in Graves\u2019 disease with special reference to the effect of thyroidectomy","volume":"5","author":"Rundle","year":"1945","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1999.9.305","article-title":"Dominant infiltration of T(H)1-type CD4+ T cells at the retrobulbar space of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92001-A","article-title":"Randomized double-blind trial of prednisone versus radiotherapy in Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy","volume":"342","author":"Prummel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/S1575-0922(09)70841-1","article-title":"Treatment of Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone: A comparison of two dosing regimens","volume":"56","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Ortiga","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1962","article-title":"Clinical review: Intravenous glucocorticoids for Graves\u2019 orbitopathy: Efficacy and morbidity","volume":"96","author":"Zang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4454","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2389","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of three different cumulative doses of intravenous methylprednisolone for moderate to severe and active Graves\u2019 orbitopathy","volume":"97","author":"Bartalena","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4305","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-023-02842-8","article-title":"Changes in therapeutic response, ocular manifestations of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy and quality of life during the first year after orbital radiotherapy","volume":"43","author":"Stoynova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G43","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-21-0479","article-title":"The 2021 European Group on Graves\u2019 Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) clinical practice guidelines for the medical management of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy","volume":"185","author":"Bartalena","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.08.053","article-title":"The efficacy of radiation therapy in the treatment of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy","volume":"82","author":"Matthiesen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.2331047.x","article-title":"Clinical activity score as a guide in the management of patients with Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy","volume":"47","author":"Mourits","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-318314","article-title":"Improvement of asymmetric thyroid eye disease with teprotumumab","volume":"106","author":"Ugradar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-37-2-276","article-title":"Supervoltage orbital radiotherapy for Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy","volume":"37","author":"Donaldson","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(89)90073-4","article-title":"Results of radiotherapy for thyroid ophthalmopathy","volume":"17","author":"Sandler","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-020-01663-8","article-title":"Efficacy of orbital radiotherapy in moderate-to-severe active Graves\u2019 orbitopathy including long-lasting disease: A retrospective analysis","volume":"15","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2014.02.008","article-title":"Orbital radiation therapy for Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy: Measuring clinical efficacy and impact","volume":"4","author":"Hahn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-38640-5","article-title":"Predictive factors of prognosis after radiation and steroid pulse therapy in thyroid eye disease","volume":"9","author":"Ito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-019-00846-y","article-title":"Improvement of the MRI and clinical features of Asian Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy by radiation therapy with steroids","volume":"37","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-116945","article-title":"Combination therapy of intravenous steroids and orbital irradiation is more effective than intravenous steroids alone in patients with Graves\u2019 orbitopathy","volume":"49","author":"Oeverhaus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-7-95","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of radiotherapy as initial local therapy for Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy and predictors of the need for post-radiotherapy decompressive surgery","volume":"7","author":"Prabhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02165-6","article-title":"Radiotherapy for Graves\u2019 orbitopathy: Randomised placebo-controlled study","volume":"355","author":"Mourits","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00632-7","article-title":"A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of orbital radiotherapy for Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy","volume":"108","author":"Gorman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3857","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2758","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of orbital radiotherapy for Graves\u2019 orbitopathy","volume":"97","author":"Tanda","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(90)90532-O","article-title":"Prognostic factors in the radiotherapy of Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy","volume":"19","author":"Petersen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina43030023","article-title":"Predicting outcome of treatment with radiotherapy in endocrine ophthalmopathy","volume":"43","author":"Velickiene","year":"2007","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e318179f8a5","article-title":"Novel immunomodulating agents for Graves orbitopathy","volume":"24","author":"Bartalena","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17533","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17893-y","article-title":"The efficacy of intensity modulated radiation therapy in treating thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy and predictive factors for treatment response","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1824","article-title":"Smoking and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: A novel explanation of the biological link","volume":"92","author":"Cawood","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.07950.x","article-title":"Corticosteroid-induced clinical adverse events: Frequency, risk factors and patient's opinion","volume":"157","author":"Fardet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Practical Radiation Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1879850024002984?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1879850024002984?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T09:26:00Z","timestamp":1746523560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1879850024002984"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1879850024002984"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1879-8500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1879-8500","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Radiation Therapy for Graves\u2019 Ophthalmopathy: When Is the Optimal Timing of Treatment and Evaluation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Practical Radiation Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prro.2024.10.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Radiation Oncology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}