{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:38:33Z","timestamp":1780393113470,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]],"date-time":"2008-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T08:10:38Z","timestamp":1226304638000},"page":"697-712","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Treatment of Compulsive Cybersex Behavior"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Stephen","family":"Southern","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/10720160490882642","article-title":"Online sexual activity: an examination of potentially problematic behaviors","volume":"11","author":"Cooper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-005-3120-z","article-title":"An Internet study of cybersex participants","volume":"34","author":"Daneback","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1080\/00224490509552290","article-title":"Typing, doing, and being: sexuality and the Internet","volume":"42","author":"Ross","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib4","first-page":"i","article-title":"Online sexual activity in the new millennium","volume":"38","author":"Cooper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Contemp Sex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib5","series-title":"In the shadows of the net: breaking free of compulsive online sexual behavior","author":"Carnes","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib6","series-title":"Cybersex exposed: simple fantasy or obsession","author":"Schneider","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.30.2.154","article-title":"Sexuality on the Internet: from sexual exploration to pathological expression","volume":"30","author":"Cooper","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prof Psychol Res Pr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-3204.40.1-2.125","article-title":"The duration and frequency of Internet use in a nonclinical sample: suicidality, behavioral problems, and treatment histories","volume":"40","author":"Mathy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychother Theor Res Pract Train"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.36.5.498","article-title":"Inventory of problematic Internet experiences encountered in clinical practice","volume":"36","author":"Mitchell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prof Psychol Res Pr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.18.4.381","article-title":"Development of a psychometrically sound Internet addiction scale: a preliminary step","volume":"18","author":"Nichols","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764204270278","article-title":"Internet addiction: a new clinical phenomenon and its consequences","volume":"48","author":"Young","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Behav Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1177\/136346001004003005","article-title":"Between the image and the act: interactive sex entertainment on the Internet","volume":"4","author":"Kibby","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sexualities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1177\/135485650401000104","article-title":"Cyberporn, sexuality, and the net apparatus","volume":"10","author":"Lillie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Convergence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1177\/0959354303013003003","article-title":"Cyber-flirting: playing at love on the Internet","volume":"13","author":"Whitty","year":"2003","journal-title":"Theory Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1177\/1066480706290508","article-title":"Internet infidelity: a critical review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Hertlein","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X03253845","article-title":"Sex offending and sexual appetite: the clinical and theoretical relevance of hypersexual desire","volume":"47","author":"Kafka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.18.3.223","article-title":"Sex on the Internet: furthering our understanding of men with online sexual problems","volume":"18","author":"Cooper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444806061949","article-title":"The social construction of digital danger: debating, defusing, and inflating the moral dangers of online humor and pornography in the Netherlands and the United States","volume":"8","author":"Kuipers","year":"2006","journal-title":"New Media Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/01614576.1997.11074164","article-title":"The Internet and sexuality: into the new millennium","volume":"22","author":"Cooper","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Sex Educ Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib20","series-title":"Cybersex: the dark side of the force: a special issue of the journal Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity","first-page":"127","article-title":"Compulsive cybersex: the new tea room","author":"Schwartz","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib21","series-title":"Cybersex unhooked: a workbook for breaking free from compulsive online sexual behavior","author":"Delmonico","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib22","series-title":"Perversion: the erotic form of hatred","author":"Stoller","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/10720160008400205","article-title":"Cybersex users, abusers, and compulsives: new findings and implications","volume":"7","author":"Cooper","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib24","series-title":"Sex & the Internet: a guidebook for clinicians","first-page":"19","article-title":"Internet sexuality: known risks and fresh chances for women","author":"Leiblum","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2005.8.473","article-title":"Exposure to Internet pornography among children and adolescents: a national survey","volume":"8","author":"Ybarra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1300\/J146v08n01_01","article-title":"Victimization of youths on the Internet","volume":"8","author":"Mitchell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2006.05.021","article-title":"Trends in youth reports of sexual solicitations, harassment and unwanted exposure to pornography on the Internet","volume":"40","author":"Mitchell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/10720160600870711","article-title":"The impact of Internet pornography on marriage and the family: a review of research","volume":"13","author":"Manning","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib29","series-title":"Sex & the Internet: a guidebook for clinicians","first-page":"169","article-title":"The new \u201celephant in the living room\u201d: effects of compulsive cybersex behaviors on the spouse","author":"Schneider","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib30","first-page":"189","article-title":"On the aetiology of hysteria","volume":"vol. 3","author":"Freud","year":"1962"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/10720160008400208","article-title":"Children, teens, and sex on the Internet","volume":"7","author":"Freeman-Longo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib32","series-title":"Sex on the Internet: a guidebook for clinicians","first-page":"87","article-title":"Effects of Internet sexuality on children and adolescents","author":"Longo","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1080\/10532528.2000.10559784","article-title":"Pornography and sexual aggression: are there reliable effects and can we understand them?","volume":"11","author":"Malamuth","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Rev Sex Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(00)00137-3","article-title":"Influence of unrestrained access to erotica on adolescents' and young adults' dispositions toward sexuality","volume":"27","author":"Zilman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appdev.2004.09.009","article-title":"Inadvertent exposure to pornography on the Internet: implications for peer-to-peer file sharing networks for child development and families","volume":"25","author":"Greenfield","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Appl Dev Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib36","first-page":"233","article-title":"From victim to client: preventing the cycle of sexual reactivity","volume":"42","author":"Cashwell","year":"1995","journal-title":"School Counselor"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1300\/J070v01n01_03","article-title":"Precursors to offending and the trauma outcome process in sexually reactive children","volume":"1","author":"Rasmussen","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Child Sex Abus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1300\/J229v03n04_05","article-title":"Some considerations about sexual abuse and children with sexual behavioral problems","volume":"3","author":"Johnson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1089\/109493101750526999","article-title":"Overcoming methodological concerns in the investigation of online sexual activities","volume":"4","author":"Cooper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib40","series-title":"Virtual addiction: help for netheads, cyberfreaks, and those who love them","author":"Greenfield","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib41","series-title":"Sex & the Internet: a guidebook for clinicians","first-page":"109","article-title":"Virtual sexuality in the workplace: a wake-up call for clinicians, employers, and employees","author":"Cooper","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib42","series-title":"Human sexual inadequacy","author":"Masters","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib43","first-page":"145","article-title":"Recollecting, repeating, and working through","volume":"vol. 12","author":"Freud","year":"1958"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-3204.28.2.327","article-title":"The repetition compulsion revisited: reliving dissociated trauma","volume":"28","author":"Chu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838003256559","article-title":"Dissociative experiences of women child abuse survivors: a selective constructivist review","volume":"4","author":"Hall","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib46","first-page":"36","article-title":"The repetition compulsion revisited","volume":"18","author":"Kirman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Issues Psychoanal Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib47","series-title":"Freud's traumatic memory: reclaiming seduction theory and revisiting Oedipus","author":"Marcel","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/10720160216050","article-title":"The tie that binds: sadomasochism in female addicted trauma survivors","volume":"9","author":"Southern","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib49","series-title":"Escaping the self: alcoholism, spirituality, masochism, and other flights from the burden of selfhood","author":"Baumeister","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1177\/107906320501700302","article-title":"Police posing as juveniles online to catch sex offenders: is it working?","volume":"17","author":"Mitchell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sex Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1080\/01639620290086413","article-title":"Child pornography and the internet: perpetuating a cycle of abuse","volume":"23","author":"Quayle","year":"2002","journal-title":"Deviant Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1089\/109493103321168009","article-title":"Model of problematic internet use in people with sexual interest in children","volume":"6","author":"Quayle","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib53","series-title":"Disclosing secrets: when, to whom & how much to reveal","author":"Corley","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib54","series-title":"Sexual desire disorders","first-page":"229","article-title":"Inhibited sexual desire: the Master and Johnson Institute treatment model","author":"Schwartz","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib55","series-title":"Principles and practice of sex therapy","first-page":"17","article-title":"Desire problems: a systemic perspective","author":"Schnarch","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/01639625.1998.9968079","article-title":"Cybersex: research notes on the characteristics of visitors to online chat rooms","volume":"19","author":"Lamb","year":"1998","journal-title":"Deviant Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib57","series-title":"Sex & the Internet: a guidebook for clinicians","first-page":"187","article-title":"Paraphilias and the Internet","author":"Galbreath","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib58","series-title":"Sex & the Internet: a guidebook for clinicians","first-page":"147","article-title":"Treating online compulsive sexual behavior: when cybersex is the drug of choice","author":"Delmonico","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1023\/B:ASEB.0000007461.59019.d3","article-title":"Classical conditioning of sexual arousal in women and men: effects of varying awareness and biological relevance of the conditioned stimulus","volume":"33","author":"Hoffman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024573420228","article-title":"Classical conditioning of female sexual arousal","volume":"26","author":"Letourneau","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445599232004","article-title":"The respondent conditioning of male sexual arousal","volume":"23","author":"Plaud","year":"1999","journal-title":"Behav Modif"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1006\/hbeh.2001.1686","article-title":"Conditioning and sexual behavior: a review","volume":"40","author":"Pfaus","year":"2001","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854896023001011","article-title":"Assessment, treatment, and theorizing about sex offenders: developments during the past twenty years and future directions","volume":"23","author":"Marshall","year":"1996","journal-title":"Crim Justice Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445502262001","article-title":"A 25-year follow-up of cognitive\/behavioral therapy with 7,275 sexual offenders","volume":"26","author":"Maletzky","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav Modif"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.3928\/0048-5713-19920601-08","article-title":"Effective treatment techniques for sex offenders","volume":"22","author":"Schwartz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychiatr Ann"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1177\/1066480703252663","article-title":"Paraphilia and fetishism","volume":"11","author":"Wiederman","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib67","first-page":"89","article-title":"Procedures for treating deviant sexual arousal patterns","volume":"vol. 7","author":"Witt","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib68","series-title":"Torture and its consequences: current treatment approaches","first-page":"363","article-title":"Current trends in the treatment of post-traumatic stress symptoms","author":"Keane","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib69","series-title":"Trauma, memory, and dissociation","first-page":"285","article-title":"Effects of flooding on memories of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder","author":"Saigh","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/10720169608400112","article-title":"Reenactment related to bonding and hypersexuality","volume":"3","author":"Schwartz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib71","series-title":"Adult survivors of sexual abuse: treatment innovations","first-page":"42","article-title":"Dissociation and treatment of compulsive reenactment of trauma: sexual compulsivity","author":"Schwartz","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/10720169908400190","article-title":"Manifestations of damaged development of the human affectional systems and developmentally based psychotherapies","volume":"6","author":"Schwartz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib73","series-title":"Trancework: an introduction to the practice of clinical hypnosis","author":"Yapko","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib74","series-title":"Ego states: theory and therapy","author":"Watkins","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib75","series-title":"Internal family systems therapy","author":"Schwartz","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib76","series-title":"Sex and love in intimate relationships","author":"Firestone","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib77","series-title":"Lovemaps: clinical concepts of sexual\/erotic health and pathology, paraphilia, and gender transposition in childhood, adolescence, and maturity","author":"Money","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0018-506X(76)90008-8","article-title":"Sexual attractivity, proceptivity, and receptivity in female mammals","volume":"7","author":"Beach","year":"1976","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.76.4.645","article-title":"Men's sexual self-schema","volume":"76","author":"Anderson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.74.5.1364","article-title":"Schemas, sexuality, and romantic attachment","volume":"74","author":"Cyranowski","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib81","series-title":"The maturational process and the facilitating environment","author":"Winnicott","year":"1965"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib82","series-title":"The new sex therapy: active treatment of sexual dysfunctions","author":"Kaplan","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib83","series-title":"Constructing the sexual crucible: an integration of sexual and marital therapy","author":"Schnarch","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib84","series-title":"Relapse prevention: maintenance strategies in the treatment of addictive behaviors","author":"Marlatt","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.47.9.1102","article-title":"In search of how people change: applications to addictive behaviors","volume":"47","author":"Prochaska","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-3204.38.4.443","article-title":"Stages of change","volume":"38","author":"Prochaska","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychotherapy"}],"container-title":["Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0193953X08000749?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0193953X08000749?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,2]],"date-time":"2025-02-02T16:10:53Z","timestamp":1738512653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0193953X08000749"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0193953X08000749"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psc.2008.06.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0193-953X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0193-953X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}}}