{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T16:40:56Z","timestamp":1761324056951},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]],"date-time":"2016-06-24T08:22:56Z","timestamp":1466756576000},"page":"465-475","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Adverse Effects in the Pharmacologic Management of Bipolar Disorder During Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Charlotte S.","family":"Hogan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marlene P.","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.12","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of bipolar spectrum disorder in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative","volume":"68","author":"Merikangas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-014-0499-z","article-title":"Excess mortality in bipolar disorders","volume":"16","author":"Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(01)00377-9","article-title":"Mortality of patients with mood disorders: follow-up over 34-38 years","volume":"68","author":"Angst","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.06.014","article-title":"Psychosocial disability and work role function compared across the long-term course of bipolar I, bipolar II, and unipolar major depressive disorders","volume":"108","author":"Judd","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.5.543","article-title":"Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorder in the national comorbidity survey replication","volume":"64","author":"Merikangas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0403","article-title":"The impact of reproductive events on the course of bipolar disorder in women","volume":"63","author":"Freeman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.279","article-title":"Perinatal episodes across the mood disorder spectrum","volume":"70","author":"Di Florio","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.06101639","article-title":"Risk of recurrence in women with bipolar disorder during pregnancy: prospective study of mood stabilizer discontinuation","volume":"164","author":"Viguera","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.186.6.453","article-title":"Bipolar disorder and childbirth: the importance of recognizing risk","volume":"186","author":"Jones","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11010148","article-title":"Episodes of mood disorders in 2,252 pregnancies and postpartum periods","volume":"168","author":"Viguera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7085","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e7085","article-title":"Risks of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes in women treated or not treated with mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder: population based cohort study","volume":"345","author":"Boden","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.05.019","article-title":"Maternal bipolar disorder increased low birthweight and preterm births: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"121","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2014.05.030","article-title":"Adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes in women with severe mental illness: to what extent can they be prevented?","volume":"157","author":"Judd","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.5694\/mja11.11152","article-title":"Obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with severe mental illness at a specialist antenatal clinic","volume":"199","author":"Nguyen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med\u00a0J Aust"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2006.15.352","article-title":"A\u00a0review of postpartum psychosis","volume":"15","author":"Sit","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Womens Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib16","first-page":"1","article-title":"Update on overall prevalence of major birth defects\u2013Atlanta, Georgia, 1978-2005","volume":"57","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2008","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1176\/foc.1.1.64","article-title":"Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder","volume":"1","author":"Hirschfeld","year":"2003","journal-title":"Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2009.01.023","article-title":"How I manage neonatal Ebstein\u2019s anomaly","author":"Bove","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510260078033","article-title":"A\u00a0reevaluation of risk of in utero exposure to lithium","volume":"271","author":"Cohen","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.11.2162","article-title":"Lithium placental passage and obstetrical outcome: implications for clinical management during late pregnancy","volume":"162","author":"Newport","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9817","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61516-X","article-title":"Lithium toxicity profile: a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"379","author":"McKnight","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.12111402","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome following in utero exposure to lithium: a prospective, comparative, observational study","volume":"171","author":"Diav-Citrin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am\u00a0J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib23","first-page":"95","article-title":"Is lithium a real teratogen? What can we conclude from the prospective versus retrospective studies? A review","volume":"45","author":"Yacobi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-009-0011-z","article-title":"Teratogenesis associated with antibipolar agents","volume":"26","author":"Nguyen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.15010124","article-title":"Risk of postpartum relapse in bipolar disorder and postpartum psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"173","author":"Wesseloo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1976.tb00112.x","article-title":"What happened later to the lithium babies? A follow-up study of children born without malformations","volume":"54","author":"Schou","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2011.09.013","article-title":"Fetal, neonatal and developmental outcomes of lithium-exposed pregnancies","volume":"88","author":"Van der Lugt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.14030409","article-title":"Lithium during pregnancy","volume":"171","author":"Bergink","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000087","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for mood disorders in pregnancy: a review of pharmacokinetic changes and clinical recommendations for therapeutic drug monitoring","volume":"34","author":"Deligiannidis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2007.09.014","article-title":"Lithium toxicity and the parturient: case report and literature review","volume":"17","author":"Blake","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.2.342","article-title":"Lithium in breast milk and nursing infants: clinical implications","volume":"164","author":"Viguera","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-012-0257-3","article-title":"Three cases of lithium exposure and exclusive breastfeeding","volume":"15","author":"Bogen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g7394","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7394","article-title":"Antenatal and postnatal mental health: summary of updated NICE guidance","volume":"349","author":"Howard","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182574f39","article-title":"Comparative safety of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy","volume":"78","author":"Hernandez-Diaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70107-7","article-title":"Dose-dependent risk of malformations with antiepileptic drugs: an analysis of data from the EURAP epilepsy and pregnancy registry","volume":"10","author":"Tomson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000154516.43630.C5","article-title":"Increased rate of major malformations in offspring exposed to valproate during pregnancy","volume":"64","author":"Wyszynski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907328","article-title":"Valproic acid monotherapy in pregnancy and major congenital malformations","volume":"362","author":"Jentink","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib38","first-page":"579","article-title":"Fetal growth restriction and birth defects with newer and older antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy","volume":"261","author":"Veiby","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.83.2.F124","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycaemia and withdrawal symptoms after exposure in utero to valproate","volume":"83","author":"Ebbesen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib40","first-page":"605","article-title":"Use of psychotropic medication during pregnancy and the postpartum period","volume":"9","author":"Pearlstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Womens Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70323-X","article-title":"Fetal antiepileptic drug exposure and cognitive outcomes at age 6 years (NEAD study): a prospective observational study","volume":"12","author":"Meador","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2013.08.001","article-title":"Fetal antiepileptic drug exposure: adaptive and emotional\/behavioral functioning at age 6 years","volume":"29","author":"Morris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.2270","article-title":"Prenatal valproate exposure and risk of autism spectrum disorders and childhood autism","volume":"309","author":"Christensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v61n0202","article-title":"Mood stabilizers during breastfeeding: a review","volume":"61","author":"Chaudron","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-007-0433-2","article-title":"Psychotropic medication during pregnancy and lactation","volume":"277","author":"Menon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821ccd18","article-title":"Final results from 18 years of the International Lamotrigine Pregnancy Registry","volume":"76","author":"Cunnington","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306318","article-title":"Malformation risks of antiepileptic drug monotherapies in pregnancy: updated results from the UK and Ireland Epilepsy and Pregnancy Registers","volume":"85","author":"Campbell","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.176990","article-title":"Neurodevelopment of children exposed in utero to lamotrigine, sodium valproate and carbamazepine","volume":"96","author":"Cummings","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-304270","article-title":"The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders in children prenatally exposed to antiepileptic drugs","volume":"84","author":"Bromley","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.13010006","article-title":"Lamotrigine dosing for pregnant patients with bipolar disorder","volume":"170","author":"Clark","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.10105.x","article-title":"Ethinyl estradiol, not progestogens, reduces lamotrigine serum concentrations","volume":"46","author":"Reimers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2009.02.011","article-title":"Prospectively assessed changes in lamotrigine-concentration in women with epilepsy during pregnancy, lactation and the neonatal period","volume":"85","author":"Fotopoulou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1M254","article-title":"Severe apnea in an infant exposed to lamotrigine in breast milk","volume":"43","author":"Nordmo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c6581","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c6581","article-title":"Intrauterine exposure to carbamazepine and specific congenital malformations: systemic review and case-control study","volume":"341","author":"Jentink","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2009.09.002","article-title":"Population-based study of antiepileptic drug exposure in utero---influence on head circumference in newborns","volume":"18","author":"Almgren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2011.06.014","article-title":"Fetal antiepileptic drug exposure: motor, adaptive and emotional\/behavioral functioning at age 3 years","volume":"22","author":"Cohen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2007.11.012","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic interactions between contraceptives and antiepileptic drugs","volume":"17","author":"Sabers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2007.08.018","article-title":"Pharmacology of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy and lactation","volume":"11","author":"Pennell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1177\/2042098614522682","article-title":"Antipsychotic drugs in pregnancy: a review of their maternal and fetal effects","volume":"5","author":"Galbally","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ther Adv Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pra.0000351878.45260.94","article-title":"Use and safety of antipsychotic drugs during pregnancy","volume":"15","author":"Einarson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychiatr Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.5.592","article-title":"Pharmacologic management of psychiatric illness during pregnancy: dilemmas and guidelines","volume":"153","author":"Altshuler","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.041541","article-title":"Birth weight of infants after maternal exposure to typical and atypical antipsychotics: prospective comparison study","volume":"192","author":"Newham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.10.011","article-title":"Maternal schizophrenia and pregnancy outcome: does the use of antipsychotics make a difference?","volume":"116","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(92)90050-K","article-title":"Maternal psychotropic medication and neonatal behavior","volume":"14","author":"Auerbach","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib65","unstructured":"FDA Drug Safety Communication: Antipsychotic drug labels updated on use during pregnancy and risk of abnormal muscle movements and withdrawal symptoms in newborns. FDA; 2011. Available at: http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/Drugs\/DrugSafety\/ucm243903.htm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S36394","article-title":"The use of psychotropic medication during pregnancy: how about the newborn?","volume":"9","author":"Kieviet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(77)90029-1","article-title":"Antenatal exposure to the phenothiazines in relation to congenital malformations, perinatal mortality rate, birth weight, and intelligence quotient score","volume":"128","author":"Slone","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370204701008","article-title":"Antipsychotic medication during pregnancy and lactation in women with schizophrenia: evaluating the risk","volume":"47","author":"Patton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v66n0406","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome of women using atypical antipsychotic drugs: a prospective comparative study","volume":"66","author":"McKenna","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e318295fe12","article-title":"Atypical antipsychotic drugs and pregnancy outcome: a prospective, cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Habermann","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e94788","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094788","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective cohort study of antipsychotic medications in pregnancy: the first 147 pregnancies and 100 one year old babies","volume":"9","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003062","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003062","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes following maternal exposure to second-generation antipsychotics given with other psychotropic drugs: a cohort study","volume":"3","author":"Sadowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.15040506","article-title":"Reproductive safety of second-generation antipsychotics: current data from the Massachusetts General Hospital National Pregnancy Registry for atypical antipsychotics","volume":"173","author":"Cohen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3181db8734","article-title":"Birth weight and use of olanzapine in pregnancy: a prospective comparative study","volume":"30","author":"Babu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.06111886","article-title":"Atypical antipsychotic administration during late pregnancy: placental passage and obstetrical outcomes","volume":"164","author":"Newport","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib76","first-page":"8","article-title":"Antipsychotic medications: metabolic and cardiovascular risk","volume":"68","author":"Newcomer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2010.01512.x","article-title":"Maternal mental disorders and pregnancy outcomes: a clinical study in a Japanese population","volume":"37","author":"Hironaka","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1870","article-title":"Antipsychotics during pregnancy: relation to fetal and maternal metabolic effects","volume":"69","author":"Boden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e318172b8d5","article-title":"Maternal use of antipsychotics in early pregnancy and delivery outcome","volume":"28","author":"Reis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3067","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-014-3647-6","article-title":"Olanzapine treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding: a chance for women with psychotic illness?","volume":"231","author":"Stiegler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881105049044","article-title":"Risperidone and breast-feeding","volume":"19","author":"Aichhorn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.9.1715-a","article-title":"Excretion of quetiapine in breast milk","volume":"161","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/2050-6511-14-38","article-title":"Olanzapine in pregnancy and breastfeeding: a review of data from global safety surveillance","volume":"14","author":"Brunner","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-014-0281-0","article-title":"Exploring psychosis and bipolar disorder in women: a critical review of the qualitative literature","volume":"14","author":"Wittkowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1506575","article-title":"Declines in unintended pregnancy in the United States, 2008-2011","volume":"374","author":"Finer","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.02.033","article-title":"Unplanned pregnancies and reproductive health among women with bipolar disorder","volume":"178","author":"Marengo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"}],"container-title":["Psychiatric Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0193953X16300181?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0193953X16300181?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]],"date-time":"2019-09-10T04:33:22Z","timestamp":1568090002000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0193953X16300181"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0193953X16300181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0193-953X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0193-953X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Adverse Effects in the Pharmacologic Management of Bipolar Disorder During Pregnancy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}