{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:59:18Z","timestamp":1792511958577,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014972","name":"Egg Farmers of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014972","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000094","name":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000094","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T20:55:24Z","timestamp":1593032124000},"page":"4153-4161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Strain differences and effects of different stocking densities during rearing on the musculoskeletal development of pullets"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"D.L.","family":"Fawcett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.M.","family":"Casey-Trott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.J.","family":"Caston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.M.","family":"Widowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew236","article-title":"Influence of genetic strain and access to litter on spatial distribution of 4 strains of laying hens in an aviary system","volume":"95","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey319","article-title":"A review of environmental enrichment for laying hens during rearing in relation to their behavioral and physiological development","volume":"98","author":"Campbell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3517","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex146","article-title":"Susceptibility to keel bone fractures in laying hens and the role of genetic variation","volume":"96","author":"Candelotto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pev223","article-title":"Methods for assessment of keel bone damage in poultry","volume":"94","author":"Casey-Trott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2509","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex059","article-title":"Opportunities for exercise during pullet rearing, Part I: effect on the musculoskeletal characteristics of pullets","volume":"96","author":"Casey-Trott","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex060","article-title":"Opportunities for exercise during pullet rearing, Part II: long-term effects on bone characteristics of adult laying hens at the end-of-lay","volume":"96","author":"Casey-Trott","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2012-02328","article-title":"Early access to perches in caged White Leghorn pullets","volume":"91","author":"Enneking","year":"2012","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0194974","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194974","article-title":"Radiographic examination of keel bone damage in living laying hens of different strains kept in two housing systems","volume":"13","author":"Eusemann","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660410001730815","article-title":"Incidence, pathology and prevention of keel bone deformities in the laying hen","volume":"45","author":"Fleming","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. Poul. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2017.00128","article-title":"Limited associations between keel bone damage and bone properties measured with computer tomography, three-point bending test, and analysis of minerals in Swiss laying hens","volume":"4","author":"Gebhardt-Henrich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2013.792405","article-title":"Evaluation of bone strength, keel bone status, plumage condition and egg quality of two layer lines kept in small group housing systems","volume":"54","author":"Habig","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew377","article-title":"Development of perching behaviour in 3 strains of pullets reared in furnished cages","volume":"96","author":"Habinski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib14","first-page":"285","article-title":"Keel bone injury in laying hens: the prevalence of injuries in relation to different housing systems, implications, and potential solutions","volume":"75","author":"Hardin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2479","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew157","article-title":"Ramps and hybrid effects on keel bone and foot pad disorders in modified aviaries for laying hens","volume":"95","author":"Heerkins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2013-03008","article-title":"The effect of perch availability during pullet rearing and egg laying on musculoskeletal health of caged White Leghorns","volume":"92","author":"Hester","year":"2013","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib17","series-title":"The Effects of Stocking Density on the Growth, Behaviour, and Welfare of Layer Pullets in Two Cage Systems","author":"Jensen","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2016.05.024","article-title":"Use of space by domestic chicks housed in complex aviaries","volume":"181","author":"Kozac","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731117001896","article-title":"Development of locomotion over inclined surfaces in laying hens","volume":"12","author":"Leblanc","year":"2018","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0153477","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153477","article-title":"Physical health problems and environmental challenged influence balancing behaviour in laying hens","volume":"11","author":"Leblanc","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660600610609","article-title":"Effects of stocking density, flock size and management on the welfare of laying hens in single-tier aviaries","volume":"47","author":"Nicol","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/peu041","article-title":"Effect of rearing environment on bone growth of pullets","volume":"94","author":"Regmi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew199","article-title":"Comparisons of bone properties and keel deformities between strain and housing systems in end-of-lay hens","volume":"95","author":"Regmi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/83.3.375","article-title":"End-of-cycle bone quality in white- and brown-egg laying hens","volume":"83","author":"Riczu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2014.933175","article-title":"Analysis of landing behaviour of three layer lines on different perch designs","volume":"55","author":"Scholz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0122568","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122568","article-title":"Soft perches in an aviary system reduce incidence of keel bone damage in laying hens","volume":"10","author":"Stratmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/84.10.1511","article-title":"Production, egg quality, bone strength, claw length, and keel bone deformities of laying hens housed in furnished cages with difference group sizes","volume":"84","author":"Vits","year":"2005","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3805","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex197","article-title":"Effect of space allowance and cage size on laying hens housed in furnished cages, Part 1: Performance and well-being","volume":"96","author":"Widowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046_bib29","series-title":"Advances in Poultry Welfare","first-page":"49","article-title":"Rearing young birds for adaptability","author":"Widowski","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579120303588?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579120303588?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T22:24:35Z","timestamp":1758493475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0032579120303588"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0032579120303588"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Strain differences and effects of different stocking densities during rearing on the musculoskeletal development of pullets","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2020.05.046","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}