{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:10:45Z","timestamp":1790115045619,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]],"date-time":"2020-07-24T11:26:01Z","timestamp":1595589961000},"page":"5127-5136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of thyme oil against foodborne multiple antibiotics-resistant Enterococcus faecalis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Fang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panpan","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansheng","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhilan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihui","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daoying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00361-18","article-title":"Planktonic interference and biofilm alliance between aggregation substance and endocarditis- and biofilm-associated pili in Enterococcus faecalis","volume":"200","author":"Afonina","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2018.08.020","article-title":"Antibiofilm activity of shikimic acid against Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"95","author":"Bai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2015.09.036","article-title":"Antibiofilm activity of essential oils and plant extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli biofilms","volume":"61","author":"Bazargani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2012.706751","article-title":"The activity of ferulic and gallic acids in biofilm prevention and control of pathogenic bacteria","volume":"8","author":"Borges","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2016.10.026","article-title":"Virulence factors of Enterococcus spp. presented in food","volume":"75","author":"Chaj\u0119cka-Wierzchowska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lwt-food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2018.05.008","article-title":"Inhibition of Enterococcus faecalis growth and biofilm formation by molecule targeting cyclic di-AMP synthetase activity","volume":"44","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Endodont."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2011.02225.x","article-title":"Characterization of swarming motility in Citrobacter freundii","volume":"317","author":"Cong","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.49.100195.003431","article-title":"Microbial biofilms","volume":"49","author":"Costerton","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2019.111498","article-title":"Antibacterial mechanism of oregano essential oil","volume":"139","author":"Cui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ind. Crop Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-017-0023-4","article-title":"Restructuring of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm architecture in response to antibiotic-induced stress","volume":"3","author":"Dale","year":"2017","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60111a017","article-title":"Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances","volume":"28","author":"Dubois","year":"1956","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.GPP3-0053-2018","article-title":"Pathogenicity of enterococci","volume":"7","author":"Fiore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2415","article-title":"The biofilm matrix","volume":"8","author":"Flemming","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.06.026","article-title":"The role and application of enterococci in food and health","volume":"106","author":"Foulqui\u00e9 Moreno","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2017.11.030","article-title":"Evolution of virulence in Enterococcus faecium, a hospital-adapted opportunistic pathogen","volume":"41","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2013.05.023","article-title":"Attachment and biofilm formation by foodborne bacteria in meat processing environments: causes, implications, role of bacterial interactions and control by alternative novel methods","volume":"97","author":"Giaouris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Meat Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2016.06.039","article-title":"Investigation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) properties of P. aeruginosa, and B. subtilis, and their role in bacterial adhesion","volume":"146","author":"Harimawan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6852","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.05561-11","article-title":"Inhibition of Escherichia coli CFT073 fliC expression and motility by cranberry materials","volume":"77","author":"Hidalgo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2015.09.012","article-title":"Mature biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are highly resistant to antibiotics","volume":"84","author":"Holmberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib20","first-page":"316","article-title":"Improvement of phenol sulfuric acid method for the determination of polysaccharides (in Chinese)","volume":"41","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Jiangsu Agricultural Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2012.11.008","article-title":"Biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production by Cronobacter sakazakii depending on environmental conditions","volume":"34","author":"Jung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36377","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36377","article-title":"Essential oils and eugenols inhibit biofilm formation and the virulence of Escherichia coli O157:H7","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13994","article-title":"Enterococcus adhesin PrgB facilitates type IV secretion by condensation of extracellular DNA","volume":"109","author":"Kohler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000276","article-title":"Enterococcus faecalis Ebp pili are important for cell-cell aggregation and intraspecies gene transfer","volume":"162","author":"La Rosa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.12.030","article-title":"Ginkgolic acids and Ginkgo biloba extract inhibit Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation","volume":"174","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2017.10.013","article-title":"Antibiofilm activities of norharmane and its derivatives against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other bacteria","volume":"3","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2017.02.050","article-title":"Effects of phenyllactic acid as sanitizing agent for inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes biofilms","volume":"78","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.11.015","article-title":"Inhibition of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation of sulfonated chitosan against Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"206","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2019.103344","article-title":"Inhibition of biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide synthesis of Enterococcus faecalis by phenyllactic acid","volume":"86","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2017.09.004","article-title":"Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of phenyllactic acid against Enterobacter cloacae","volume":"84","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.04.111","article-title":"Antibacterial and antifungal activities of thymol: a brief review of the literature","volume":"210","author":"Marchese","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2018.03.006","article-title":"Assessment of the antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing activities of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil and its main component 1,8-cineole against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains","volume":"118","author":"Merghni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2016.08.008","article-title":"Antibacterial and efflux pump inhibitors of thymol and carvacrol against food-borne pathogens","volume":"99","author":"Miladi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens3020473","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of selected phytochemicals against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and their biofilms","volume":"3","author":"Monte","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00467-15","article-title":"The Enterococcus faecalis EbpA pilus protein: attenuation of expression, biofilm formation, and adherence to fibrinogen start with the rare initiation codon ATT","volume":"6","author":"Montealegre","year":"2015","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI29021","article-title":"Endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili of Enterococcus faecalis","volume":"116","author":"Nallapareddy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2015.02.022","article-title":"Essential oils from commercial and wild Patchouli modulate group A Streptococcal biofilms","volume":"69","author":"Nithyanand","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ind. Crop Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2014.01.008","article-title":"Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus spp. isolated from retail cheese, ready-to-eat salads, ham, and raw meat","volume":"41","author":"Pesavento","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17698","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17698","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus forms spreading dendrites that have characteristics of active motility","volume":"5","author":"Pollitt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2018.11.013","article-title":"Identification of factors involved in Enterococcus faecalis biofilm under quercetin stress","volume":"126","author":"Qayyum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2015.11.034","article-title":"Prevalence, acquired antibiotic resistance and bacteriocin production of Enterococcus spp. isolated from tunisian fermented food products","volume":"63","author":"Rehaiem","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu402","article-title":"The surface rhamnopolysaccharide epa of Enterococcus faecalis is a key determinant of intestinal colonization","volume":"211","author":"Rigottier-Gois","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2016.07.009","article-title":"Biocide and antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from the swine meat chain","volume":"60","author":"Rizzotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2017.1313372","article-title":"Strategies for combating bacterial biofilms: a focus on anti-biofilm agents and their mechanisms of action","volume":"9","author":"Roy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2009.02747.x","article-title":"The in\u00a0vitro antibiofilm activity of selected culinary herbs and medicinal plants against Listeria monocytogenes","volume":"50","author":"Sandasi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13980","article-title":"PrgB promotes aggregation, biofilm formation, and conjugation through DNA binding and compaction","volume":"109","author":"Schmitt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e68813","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068813","article-title":"Contribution of individual Ebp Pilus subunits of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF to pilus biogenesis, biofilm formation and urinary tract infection","volume":"8","author":"Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2013.08.023","article-title":"Essential oils show specific inhibiting effects on bacterial biofilm formation","volume":"36","author":"Szczepanski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2012.06.017","article-title":"Thymol nanospheres as an effective anti-bacterial agent","volume":"434","author":"Wattanasatcha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cofs.2015.02.003","article-title":"Formation, architecture and functionality of microbial biofilms in the food industry","volume":"2","author":"Whitehead","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Food Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2015.05.032","article-title":"Antibacterial activity and mechanism of cinnamon essential oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"59","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Control"}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579120304508?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579120304508?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T22:29:55Z","timestamp":1758493795000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0032579120304508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0032579120304508"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of thyme oil against foodborne multiple antibiotics-resistant Enterococcus faecalis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.067","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}