{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T10:45:17Z","timestamp":1770979517127,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DSM Nutritional Products"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]],"date-time":"2020-09-12T11:01:42Z","timestamp":1599908502000},"page":"6867-6876","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Growth phase and dietary \u03b1-amylase supplementation effects on nutrient digestibility and feedback enzyme secretion in broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Aderibigbe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.J.","family":"Cowieson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.O.","family":"Sorbara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Adeola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib1","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib2","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114500001094","article-title":"Low glycaemic-index foods","volume":"83","author":"Bj\u00f6rck","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutri."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/55.1.299s","article-title":"Physiology and pathophysiology of intestinal absorption","volume":"55","author":"Caspary","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1080\/00071661003789347","article-title":"Interactions between xylanase and glucanase in maize-soy-based diets for broilers","volume":"51","author":"Cowieson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.3382\/japr\/pfy044","article-title":"Exogenous microbial amylase in the diets of poultry: what do we know?","volume":"28","author":"Cowieson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1093\/japr\/8.2.242","article-title":"Is intestinal absorption capacity rate-limiting for performance in poultry?","volume":"8","author":"Croom","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1039\/an9820700307","article-title":"Determination of the non-starch polysaccharides in plant foods by gas liquid chromatography of constituent sugars as alditol acetates","volume":"107","author":"Englyst","year":"1982","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.2740281008","article-title":"The effect of viscous substances on the transit time of barley digesta in rats","volume":"28","author":"Gohl","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/82.3.436","article-title":"Alpha-amylase supplementation of broiler diets based on corn","volume":"82","author":"Gracia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins7041253","article-title":"Dose-dependent effects on sphingoid bases and cytokines in chickens fed diets prepared with Fusarium verticillioides culture material containing fumonisins","volume":"7","author":"Grenier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/64.4.587","article-title":"Comparison of metabolizable energy and productive energy determinations with growing chicks","volume":"64","author":"Hill","year":"1958","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2009-00547","article-title":"The effect of glucagon-like peptide 2 injection on performance, small intestinal morphology, and nutrient transporter expression of stressed broiler chickens","volume":"9","author":"Hu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2004.06.016","article-title":"Glucose and cationic amino acid transporter expression in growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)","volume":"138","author":"Humphrey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A. Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib15","first-page":"28","article-title":"Enzymes in animal feeding","volume":"2","author":"Inborr","year":"1990","journal-title":"Milling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2008.70110","article-title":"Effects of different levels of supplementary alpha-amylase on digestive enzyme activities and pancreatic amylase mRNA expression of young broilers","volume":"21","author":"Jiang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1079\/WPS19980023","article-title":"Digestive system development in post-hatch poultry","volume":"54","author":"Jin","year":"1998","journal-title":"World\u2019s Poult. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2013-03739","article-title":"The effect of protease, amylase, and nonstarch polysaccharide-degrading enzyme supplementation on nutrient utilization and growth performance of broiler chickens fed corn-soybean meal-based diets","volume":"93","author":"Kaczmarek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-8401(97)00009-6","article-title":"Carbohydrate and lignin content of plant materials used in animal feeding","volume":"67","author":"Knudsen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anim. Feed. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1093\/japr\/12.3.275","article-title":"Effects of enzyme combinations on apparent metabolizable energy of corn-soybean meal-based diets in broilers","volume":"12","author":"Kocher","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0681561","article-title":"Influence of age on lipase, amylase, and protease activities in pancreatic tissue and intestinal contents of young turkeys","volume":"68","author":"Krogdahl","year":"1989","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00486012","article-title":"Biochemical genetics of \u03b1-amylase isoenzymes of the chicken pancreas","volume":"13","author":"Lehrner","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biochem. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212\u0394\u0394Ct method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/84.1.37","article-title":"Degradation of cell wall polysaccharides by combinations of carbohydrase enzymes and their effect on nu-trient utilization and broiler chicken performance","volume":"84","author":"Meng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/115.5.665","article-title":"Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in fowl and events through perinatal development","volume":"115","author":"Moran","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1080\/00071669108417376","article-title":"Growth and development of the digestive organs and some enzymes in broiler chicks after hatching","volume":"32","author":"Nitsan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0702040","article-title":"Organ growth and digestive enzyme levels to fifteen days of age in lines of chickens differing in body weight","volume":"70","author":"Nitsan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0740366","article-title":"Digestion and absorption in the young chick","volume":"74","author":"Noy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.2141\/jpsa.45.192","article-title":"Whole body nutrient accretion, growth performance and total tract nutrient retention responses of broilers to supplementation of xylanase and phytase individually or in combination in wheat-soybean meal-based diets","volume":"45","author":"Olukosi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/85.3.505","article-title":"Efficacy of supplementation of \u03b1-amylase-producing bacterial culture on the performance, nutrient use, and gut morphology of broiler chicken fed a corn-based diet","volume":"85","author":"Onderci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib31","first-page":"3110","article-title":"Comparison of amino acid digestibility in full-fat soybean, two soybean meals, and peanut flour between broiler chickens and growing pigs","volume":"95","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib32","series-title":"Proceedings of the 25th West-Ern Nutrition Conference, Saskatoon, Canada","first-page":"169","article-title":"Gastrointestinal development and nutrient di-gestion in chicks","author":"Parsons","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0741329","article-title":"Growth and intestinal morphology of male turkeys as influenced by dietary supplementation of amylase and xylanase","volume":"74","author":"Ritz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-8401(95)00916-7","article-title":"Determination of titanium dioxide added as an inert marker in chicken digestibility studies","volume":"59","author":"Short","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1021\/jf00036a016","article-title":"New approach to water-soluble carbohydrate determination as a tool for evaluation of plant cell wall degrading enzymes","volume":"41","author":"Slominski","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5862","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez290","article-title":"Utilization of corn-based diets supplemented with an exogenous \u03b1-amylase for broilers","volume":"98","author":"Stefanello","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1071\/AN10271","article-title":"Limitations to wheat starch digestion in growing broiler chickens: a brief review","volume":"51","author":"Svihus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anim. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2014-03905","article-title":"Starch digestion capacity of poultry","volume":"93","author":"Svihus","year":"2014","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660120088461","article-title":"Ileal starch digestibility in growing broiler chickens fed on a wheat-based diet is improved by mash feeding, dilution with cellulose or whole wheat inclusion","volume":"42","author":"Svihus","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114514001846","article-title":"Supplemental dietary L-arginine attenuates intestinal mucosal disruption during a coccidial vaccine challenge in broiler chickens","volume":"112","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2003.12.001","article-title":"Starch\u2013Composition, fine structure and architecture","volume":"39","author":"Tester","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cereal Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-8401(89)90098-9","article-title":"Plant cell walls and monogastric diets","volume":"23","author":"Theander","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0741622","article-title":"Posthatch changes in morphology and function of the small intestines in heavy-and light-strain chicks","volume":"74","author":"Uni","year":"1995","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1080\/00071669308417658","article-title":"Effect of a soluble polysaccharide (carboxy methyl cellulose) on the absorption of minerals from the gastrointestinal tract of broilers","volume":"34","author":"van der Klis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-635x1702227-236","article-title":"Efficacy and metabolizable energy equivalence of an \u03b1-amylase-\u03b2-glucanase complex for broilers","volume":"17","author":"Vieira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.9.2329","article-title":"Starch digestion rate in the small intestine of broiler chickens differs among feedstuffs","volume":"131","author":"Weurding","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey452","article-title":"Enhancing nutrient utilization of broiler chickens through supplemental enzymes","volume":"98","author":"Woyengo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2008.70375","article-title":"Effects of supplementing different levels of a commercial enzyme complex on performance, nutrient availability, enzyme activity and gut morphology of broilers","volume":"21","author":"Yuan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/78.4.561","article-title":"Effect of enzyme supplementation of broiler diets based on corn and soybeans","volume":"78","author":"Zanella","year":"1999","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3252","DOI":"10.1021\/bm060342i","article-title":"Slow digestion property of native cereal starches","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2013-03626","article-title":"The effects of enzyme supplementation on performance and digestive parameters of broilers fed corn-soybean diets","volume":"93","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579120306362?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579120306362?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T22:31:27Z","timestamp":1758493887000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0032579120306362"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0032579120306362"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Growth phase and dietary \u03b1-amylase supplementation effects on nutrient digestibility and feedback enzyme secretion in broiler chickens","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}