{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T17:56:38Z","timestamp":1779904598886,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T02:25:24Z","timestamp":1691461524000},"page":"102981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Distillers dried grains with soluble and enzyme inclusion in the diet effects broilers performance, intestinal health, and microbiota composition"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Gabriela C. Dal","family":"Pont","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9136-1503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bortoluzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7146-7295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Rohloff Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.Z.","family":"Farnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Pilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.S.","family":"Suchodolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6668-1617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Ceccantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8839-3758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Eyng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5821-3728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.H.","family":"Kogut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7017","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-017-8448-5","article-title":"Effects of concentration of corn distillers dried grains with solubles and enzyme supplementation on cecal microbiota and performance in broiler chickens","volume":"101","author":"Abudabos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2011-01889","article-title":"Metabolizable energy value of dried corn distillers grains and corn distillers grains with solubles for 6-week-old broiler chickens","volume":"91","author":"Adeola","year":"2012","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933918000272","article-title":"The use of NSP enzymes in poultry nutrition: myths and realities","volume":"74","author":"Aftab","year":"2018","journal-title":"World's Poult. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-1891-4-44","article-title":"Amino acid digestibility of heat damaged distillers dried grains with solubles fed to pigs","volume":"4","author":"Almeida","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-1891-4-44","article-title":"Amino acid digestibility of heat damaged distillers dried grains with solubles fed to pigs","volume":"4","author":"Almeida","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0006","unstructured":"AOAC -Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th ed. Washington, DC; 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4307","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex246","article-title":"Changes in immune and metabolic gut response in broilers fed \u03b2-mannanase in \u03b2-mannan-containing diets","volume":"96","author":"Arsenault","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2013.04.002","article-title":"Interaction between protease and xylanase in broiler chicken diets containing sorghum distillers\u2019 dried grains with solubles","volume":"182","author":"Barekatain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/81.9.1338","article-title":"Effects of age on development of digestive organs and performance of chicks fed a corn-soybean meal versus a crystalline amino acid diet","volume":"81","author":"Batal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1515\/aoas-2016-0090","article-title":"Rye non-starch polysaccharides: their impact on poultry intestinal physiology, nutrients digestibility and performance indices\u2014a review","volume":"17","author":"Bederska-\u0141ojewska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0011","series-title":"Enzymes in Farm Animal Nutrition","author":"Bedford","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vpoa.2019.100004","article-title":"Applying I See Inside histological methodology to evaluate gut health in broilers challenged with Eimeria","volume":"276","author":"Belote","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey064","article-title":"Histological parameters to evaluate intestinal health on broilers challenged with Eimeria and Clostridium perfringens with or without enramycin as growth promoter","volume":"97","author":"Belote","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0209-9","article-title":"Reproducible, interactive, scalable and extensible microbiome data science using QIIME 2","volume":"37","author":"Bolyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey587","article-title":"Zinc source modulates intestinal inflammation and intestinal integrity of broiler chickens challenged with coccidia and Clostridium perfringens","volume":"98","author":"Bortoluzzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869","article-title":"DADA2: high-resolution sample inference from illumina amplicon data","volume":"13","author":"Callahan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3382\/japr\/pfv018","article-title":"Effects of increasing dried distillers\u2019 grains with solubles and non-starch polysaccharide degrading enzyme inclusion on growth performance and energy digestibility in broilers","volume":"24","author":"Campasino","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2218","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0622218","article-title":"Effect of fat retention on the rachitogenic effect of rye fed to broiler chicks","volume":"62","author":"Campbell","year":"1983","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsre.2004.06.005","article-title":"Xylanases, xylanase families and extremophilic xylanases","volume":"29","author":"Collins","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.676628","article-title":"Novel models for chronic intestinal inflammation in chickens: intestinal inflammation pattern and biomarkers","volume":"12","author":"Dal Pont","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0022","series-title":"Pages 33\u201355 in Gut Microbiota, Immunity, and Health in Production Animals","article-title":"Enzymes and gut health in monogastric animals: effects beyond digestibility","author":"Dal Pont","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2013.797954","article-title":"Evaluation of nutrient equivalency of microbial phytase in hens in late lay given maize-soybean or distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) diets","volume":"54","author":"Deniz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/85.7.1212","article-title":"Amino acid availability and true metabolizable energy content of corn distillers dried grains with solubles in adult cecectomized roosters","volume":"85","author":"Fastinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3430","DOI":"10.1021\/jf9034833","article-title":"Changes in composition and amino acid profile during dry grind ethanol processing from corn and estimation of yeast contribution toward DDGS proteins","volume":"58","author":"Han","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0026","first-page":"354","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids and colonic health","volume":"108","author":"Hijova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bratisl. Lek. Listy."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731114002444","article-title":"Effects of a blend of essential oils and an enzyme combination on nutrient digestibility, ileum histology and expression of inflammatory mediators in weaned piglets","volume":"9","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2003.09.007","article-title":"Carbohydrate fermentation in the avian ceca: a review","volume":"113","author":"J\u00f3zefiak","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey075","article-title":"Processing diets containing corn distillers\u2019 dried grains with solubles in growing broiler chickens: effects on performance, pellet quality, ileal amino acids digestibility, and intestinal microbiota","volume":"97","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2007.09.028","article-title":"Composition of corn dry-grind ethanol by-products: DDGS, wet cake, and thin stillage","volume":"99","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2016.182.187","article-title":"Effects of increasing inclusion rates of a low-fat distillers dried grains with solubles (LF-DDGS) in finishing broiler diets","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew397","article-title":"Effect of aflatoxin experimental ingestion and Eimeira vaccine challenges on intestinal histopathology and immune cellular dynamic of broilers: applying an Intestinal Health Index","volume":"96","author":"Kraieski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0033","first-page":"22","article-title":"New additives for broiler chickens","volume":"16","author":"Langhout","year":"2000","journal-title":"World Poult."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00199","article-title":"Evaluation of the epithelial barrier function and ileal microbiome in an established necrotic enteritis challenge model in broiler chickens","volume":"5","author":"Latorre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0035","first-page":"5233","article-title":"A dietary carbohydrase blend improved intestinal barrier function and growth rate in weaned pigs fed higher fiber diets","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2010.11.004","article-title":"Effects of corn distillers dried grains with solubles and xylanase on growth performance and digestibility of diet components in broilers","volume":"163","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Animal Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3382\/japr.2011-00339","article-title":"Effects of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles to broilers from 0 to 42 days posthatch on broiler performance, carcass characteristics, and selected intestinal characteristics","volume":"21","author":"Loar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/83.11.1891","article-title":"Evaluation of distillers dried grains with solubles as a feed ingredient for broilers","volume":"83","author":"Lumpkins","year":"2004","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2012.12.001","article-title":"Development of intestinal microbiota in infants and its impact on health","volume":"21","author":"Matamoros","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2011.796.803","article-title":"Effect of Rovabio\u00ae Max AP on performance, energy and nitrogen digestibility of diets high in distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in broilers","volume":"10","author":"Min","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2018.05.001","article-title":"Effect of arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides and arabinoxylans on net energy and nutrient utilization in broilers","volume":"5","author":"Morgan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2010.493170","article-title":"Broiler responses to supplementation of phytase and admixture of carbohydrases and protease in maize\u2013soyabean meal diets with or without maize distillers\u2019 dried grain with solubles","volume":"51","author":"Olukosi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brit. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/peu049","article-title":"Effects of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles with or without protease and \u03b2-mannanase on the performance of turkey hen poults","volume":"94","author":"Opoku","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2015.02.006","article-title":"Effect of dietary supplementation of xylanase on apparent ileal digestibility of nutrients, viscosity of digesta, and intestinal morphology of growing pigs fed corn and soybean meal based diet","volume":"1","author":"Passos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2010-01066","article-title":"Effect of corn distillers dried grains with solubles and Eimeria acervulina infection on growth performance and the intestinal microbiota of young chicks","volume":"90","author":"Perez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.09.022","article-title":"Oxygen as a driver of gut dysbiosis","volume":"105","author":"Rivera-Ch\u00e1vez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3390\/fermentation4030064","article-title":"Formulation of broiler chicken feeds using distillers dried grains with solubles","volume":"4","author":"Rochell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fermentation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2858","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02858","article-title":"Intestinal pioneer colonizers as drivers of ileal microbial composition and diversity of broiler chickens","volume":"10","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2013.02.001","article-title":"Comparative effects of dietary carbohydrases without or with protease on the ileal digestibility of energy and amino acids and AMEn in young broilers","volume":"181","author":"Romero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0050","unstructured":"Sakomura, N.K., H.S., Rostagno. M\u00e9todos de pesquisa em nutri\u00e7\u00e3o de monog\u00e1stricos. 2th rev. ed. Funep, Jaboticabal, SP."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2017.11.010","article-title":"Yeast and yeast derivatives in feed additives and ingredients: sources, characteristics, animal responses, and quantification methods","volume":"235","author":"Shurson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0052","first-page":"2639","article-title":"Nutrient database for distiller's dried grains with solubles produced from new ethanol plants in Minnesota and South Dakota","volume":"80","author":"Spiehs","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2015.06.021","article-title":"Effects of dietary essential oil and enzyme supplementation on growth performance and gut health of broilers challenged by Clostridium perfringens","volume":"207","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2014.03.001","article-title":"Feed enzymes, probiotic, or chitosan can improve the nutritional efficacy of broiler chicken diets containing a high level of distillers dried grains with solubles","volume":"163","author":"Swiatkiewicz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Livestock Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.22358\/jafs\/66824\/2007","article-title":"Effect of dietary level of maize-and rye distiller dried grains with solubles on nutrient utilization and digesta viscosity in laying hens","volume":"16","author":"\u015awi\u0105tkiewicz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Anim. Feed Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12351","article-title":"Efficacy of feed enzymes in pig and poultry diets containing distillers dried grains with solubles: a review","volume":"100","author":"Swiatkiewicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim .Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731118000277","article-title":"The effects of xylanase on grower pig performance, concentrations of volatile fatty acids and peptide YY in portal and peripheral blood","volume":"12","author":"Taylor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122390","article-title":"Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in turkey poults","volume":"10","author":"Tellez","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0059","first-page":"401","article-title":"Prebiotics\u2014a review","volume":"31","author":"Thammarutwasik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0020","unstructured":"U.S. Grains Council. 2012. A guide to distiller\u2019s dried grains with solubles (DDGS). 3rd ed. U.S. Grains Council. Washington (DC http:\/\/www.grains.org\/buyingselling\/ddgs\/ddgs-userhandbook."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.019","article-title":"Probiotic yeasts in livestock sector","volume":"219","author":"Vohra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.2141\/jpsa.0130213","article-title":"Effect of multi-enzyme mixtures on performance and nutrient utilization in broilers fed diets containing different types of cereals and industrial by-products","volume":"51","author":"Waititu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2007.501.507","article-title":"Use of constant or increasing levels of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in broiler diets","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45308","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45308","article-title":"Gut metagenomic analysis reveals prominent roles of Lactobacillus and cecal microbiota in chicken feed efficiency","volume":"7","author":"Yan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516003238","article-title":"Effect of threonine deficiency on intestinal integrity and immune response to feed withdrawal combined with coccidial vaccine challenge in broiler chicks","volume":"116","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2010.07.017","article-title":"Future of NSP-degrading enzymes to improve nutrient utilization of co-products and gut health in pigs","volume":"134","author":"Zijlstra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Livestock Sci."}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S003257912300500X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S003257912300500X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T22:59:21Z","timestamp":1758495561000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S003257912300500X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S003257912300500X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Distillers dried grains with soluble and enzyme inclusion in the diet effects broilers performance, intestinal health, and microbiota composition","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102981","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102981"}}