{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:32:20Z","timestamp":1792805540387,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T20:52:19Z","timestamp":1700254339000},"page":"103284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Backyard poultry: exploring non-intensive production systems"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Nicla","family":"Gentile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6991-6682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Carrasquer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9962-6254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Marco-Fuertes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6152-3778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Marin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-012-0821-y","article-title":"Detection and molecular characterization of avipoxviruses isolated from different avian species in Egypt","volume":"46","author":"Abdallah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-022-00738-w","article-title":"Phylogenetic analyses on Marek's disease virus circulating in Iranian backyard and commercial poultry indicate viruses of different origin","volume":"53","author":"Abtin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0003","first-page":"1","article-title":"Avian influenza overview December 2022\u2013March 2023","volume":"21","author":"Adlhoch","year":"2023","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-021-02659-6","article-title":"Pakistan's backyard poultry farming initiative: impact analysis from a public health perspective","volume":"53","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1079\/WPS200439","article-title":"The Australian village poultry development programme in Asia and Africa","volume":"61","author":"Alders","year":"2005","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12668","article-title":"Family poultry: multiple roles, systems, challenges, and options for sustainable contributions to household nutrition security through a planetary health lens","volume":"14","author":"Alders","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matern. Child Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2021.2869-2877","article-title":"Multidrug resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence genes of Escherichia coli from backyard poultry farms","volume":"14","author":"Al-Marri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijvsm.2018.06.004","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Newcastle disease virus in backyard chickens and herd-level risk factors of Newcastle disease in poultry farms in Oman","volume":"6","author":"Alsahami","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Vet. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2011.01418.x","article-title":"The prevalence and genetic diversity of Campylobacter spp. in domestic \u201cbackyard\u201d poultry in Canterbury, New Zealand","volume":"59","author":"Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zoonoses Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1955.02960130007003","article-title":"Salmonellosis due to Salmonella Typhimurium with easter chicks as likely source","volume":"158","author":"Anderson","year":"1955","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2008.10.007","article-title":"The role of backyard poultry flocks in the epidemic of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H7N7) in the Netherlands in 2003","volume":"88","author":"Bavinck","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638719843574","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of infectious laryngotracheitis in backyard chicken flocks in California, 2007\u20132017, and determination of strain origin by partial ICP4 sequencing","volume":"31","author":"Blakey","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagnost. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638719843638","article-title":"Infections and pathology of free-roaming backyard chickens on St. Kitts, West Indies","volume":"31","author":"Bolfa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagnost. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2019.2680","article-title":"Escherichia coli from commercial broiler and backyard chickens share sequence types, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and resistance genes with human extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli","volume":"16","author":"Borges","year":"2019","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638719843577","article-title":"A two-year prospective study of small poultry flocks in Ontario, Canada, part 1: prevalence of viral and bacterial pathogens","volume":"31","author":"Brochu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagnost. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638719848718","article-title":"Causes of mortality in backyard poultry in eight states in the United States","volume":"31","author":"Cadmus","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagnost. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11040939","article-title":"Prevalence of select intestinal parasites in Alabama backyard poultry flocks","volume":"11","author":"Carrisosa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0018","unstructured":"CDC. 2023a. Influenza type A viruses. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/avianflu\/influenza-a-virus-subtypes.htm accessed July 17, 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0019","unstructured":"CDC. 2023b. Backyard poultry. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/healthypets\/pets\/farm-animals\/backyard-poultry.html#print (accessed July 16, 2023)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0020","unstructured":"CDC. 2023c. Salmonella outbreaks linked to backyard poultry. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/salmonella\/backyardpoultry-05-23\/index.html (accessed November 3, 2023)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1017\/S175173112000110X","article-title":"Early intensification of backyard poultry systems in the tropics: a case study","volume":"14","author":"Chaiban","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15050863","article-title":"Campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, yersiniosis, and listeriosis as zoonotic foodborne diseases: a review","volume":"15","author":"Chlebicz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-8-240","article-title":"Biosecurity measures for backyard poultry in developing countries: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Conan","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0024","first-page":"1","article-title":"The European Union One Health 2021 zoonoses report","volume":"20","year":"2022","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2920","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2014-04154","article-title":"Backyard chickens in the United States: a survey of flock owners","volume":"93","author":"Elkhoraibi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881400096X","article-title":"Campylobacter infections in children exposed to infected backyard poultry in Egypt","volume":"143","author":"El-Tras","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0027","first-page":"1","article-title":"Identification and estimation of the prevalence of ectoparasites of backyard chicken in Boloso Sore District, Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia","volume":"42","author":"Endale","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0720(15)30365-0","article-title":"Avian retroviruses","volume":"13","author":"Fadly","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0029","unstructured":"FAO. 2014. Family poultry development. FAO\u2014Animal Production And Health. Olaf Thieme, Emmanuel Babafunso Sonaiya, Antonio Rota, R. G. Alders, M. A. Saleque, G. D. Besi, eds. 12th ed. 1\u201324"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.12.020","article-title":"Molecular detection and characterization of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae strains in backyard poultry in Italy","volume":"99","author":"Felice","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-022-05404-y","article-title":"Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is highly prevalent in fancy-chicken flocks in Saxony","volume":"167","author":"Freick","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.12.023","article-title":"Current and future vaccines and vaccination strategies against infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) respiratory disease of poultry","volume":"206","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0033","first-page":"188","article-title":"Infectious bronchitis virus prevalence, characterization, and strain identification in California backyard chickens","volume":"1","author":"Gonzales-Viera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005281619260","article-title":"A serological survey for avian infectious bronchitis virus and newcastle disease virus antibodies in backyard (free-range) village chickens in Mexico","volume":"32","author":"Gutierrez-Ruiz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Product."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1637\/10870-052314-ResNote.1","article-title":"High seroprevalence of respiratory pathogens in hobby poultry","volume":"58","author":"Haesendonck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1647\/2005-015R.1","article-title":"A survey of selected avian pathogens of backyard poultry in northwestern Ecuador","volume":"20","author":"Hernandez-Divers","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Avian Med. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2022.2979-2985","article-title":"Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Newcastle disease in backyard chickens in West Kordofan State","volume":"15","author":"Hussein","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sudan. Vet. World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2019.141-145","article-title":"The occurrence of disinfectant and antibiotic-resistant genes in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens in Egypt","volume":"12","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2007.227.229","article-title":"An Investigation into Salmonella infection status in backyard chickens in Iran","volume":"6","author":"Jafari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0040","first-page":"18","article-title":"Study on prevalence of Ecto-parasites of poultry in and around Jimma Town","volume":"9","author":"Kebede-Tsegay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12889","article-title":"Examination of Australian backyard poultry for Salmonella, Campylobacter and Shigella spp., and related risk factors","volume":"69","author":"Keerthirathne","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zoonoses Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0042","first-page":"1","article-title":"Occurrence of Salmonella spp. in backyard poultry in Bosnia and Herzegovina","volume":"23","author":"Koro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Iran. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldz036","article-title":"Avian influenza viruses in humans: lessons from past outbreaks","volume":"132","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2010.65654","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of ownership of backyard poultry in two areas of palmerston north, New Zealand","volume":"58","author":"Lockhart","year":"2010","journal-title":"NZ Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2015.03.019","article-title":"Screening for Salmonella in backyard chickens","volume":"120","author":"Manning","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12538","article-title":"Frequent human-poultry interactions and low prevalence of Salmonella in backyard chicken flocks in Massachusetts","volume":"66","author":"McDonagh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zoonoses Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0048","first-page":"1","article-title":"Detection and molecular characterization of Avipoxvirus in Culex spp. (Culicidae) captured in domestic areas in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"12","author":"van der Meer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0049","first-page":"533","article-title":"Prevalence of External parasite of poultry in intensive and backyard chicken farm at Wolayta Soddo town, Southern Ethiopia","volume":"3","author":"Mekuria","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2013.1533","article-title":"Human and avian extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli: infections, zoonotic risks, and antibiotic resistance trends","volume":"10","author":"Mellata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3130","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez095","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the meq gene of Marek's disease viruses detected in unvaccinated backyard chickens reveals the circulation of low- and high-virulence strains","volume":"98","author":"Mescolini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1637\/10382-092312-Case.1","article-title":"Causes of mortality in backyard chickens in Northern California: 2007-2011","volume":"57","author":"Mete","year":"2013","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1637\/11458-062216-Reg","article-title":"Marek's disease in backyard chickens, a study of pathologic findings and viral loads in tumorous and nontumorous birds","volume":"60","author":"Mete","year":"2016","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9076755","article-title":"A cross-sectional seroepidemiological study on infectious bursal disease in backyard chickens in the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh","volume":"2022","author":"Mili","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet. Med. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0055","first-page":"606","article-title":"Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in three groups of domestic poultry managed under backyard system in the Savanna subregion, Department of Sucre, Colombia","volume":"8","author":"Montes-Vergara","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adv. Vet. Anim Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0056","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infection, transmission, pathogenesis and vaccine development against Mycoplasma gallisepticum","volume":"11","author":"Mugunthan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjv243","article-title":"Diversity and prevalence of ectoparasites on backyard chicken flocks in California","volume":"53","author":"Murillo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.4067\/S0301-732X2016000300011","article-title":"Frequency and antimicrobial behaviour of thermophilic Campylobacter species isolated from Ecuadorian backyard chickens","volume":"48","author":"Ochoa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxad014","article-title":"A compilation of virulence-associated genes that are frequently reported in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) compared to other E. coli","volume":"134","author":"Ovi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10122336","article-title":"The structural characteristics, management, and challenges of backyard poultry farming in residential areas of Turkey","volume":"10","author":"\u00d6zdemir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/77.8.1204","article-title":"Retrovirus-induced disease in poultry","volume":"77","author":"Payne","year":"1998","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2011.646237","article-title":"The long view: 40 years of avian leukosis research","volume":"41","author":"Payne","year":"2012","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(02)00024-7","article-title":"Ecto-, endo- and haemoparasites in free-range chickens in the Goromonzi District in Zimbabwe","volume":"54","author":"Permin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v89i1.2042","article-title":"Seroprevalence of infectious bronchitis virus and avian reovirus in free backyard chickens","volume":"89","author":"Pinto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Onderstepoort. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2016.1232804","article-title":"A survey for selected avian viral pathogens in backyard chicken farms in Finland","volume":"46","author":"Pohjola","year":"2017","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12247","article-title":"Zoonotic public health hazards in backyard chickens","volume":"63","author":"Pohjola","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zoonoses Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-011-9504-1","article-title":"Raising chickens in city backyards: the public health role","volume":"37","author":"Pollock","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Commun. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-021-02621-6","article-title":"Backyard poultry farming for sustained production and enhanced nutritional and livelihood security with special reference to India: a review","volume":"53","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.125878.1","article-title":"Avian influenza (H5N1) virus, epidemiology and its effects on backyard poultry in Indonesia: a review","volume":"11","author":"Rehman","year":"2022","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-1830-z","article-title":"Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli isolated from backyard chicken in and around ambo, Central Ethiopia","volume":"15","author":"Sarba","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0074","first-page":"27","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance pattern and virulence genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (Apec) from different breeding systems","volume":"55","author":"Sgariglia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Ital."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3329\/bjvm.v4i1.1520","article-title":"Prevalence and clinico-pathological effects of ectoparasites in backyard poultry","volume":"4","author":"Shanta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bangladesh J. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101082","article-title":"Global and regional prevalence of helminth infection in chickens over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Shifaw","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/vetr.71","article-title":"Backyard poultry cases in UK small animal practices: demographics, health conditions and pharmaceutical prescriptions","volume":"188","author":"Singleton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2011.01.003","article-title":"How backyard poultry flocks influence the effort required to curtail avian influenza epidemics in commercial poultry flocks","volume":"3","author":"Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2017.18.1.89","article-title":"Phylogeographical characterization of H5N8 viruses isolated from poultry and wild birds during 2014-2016 in South Korea","volume":"18","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2503.181040","article-title":"Role of backyard flocks in transmission dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza a(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4, France, 2016-2017","volume":"25","author":"Souvestre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638719842193","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of endemic and very virulent infectious bursal disease virus genogroups in backyard chickens in California, 2009\u20132017","volume":"31","author":"Stoute","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagnost. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.01.001","article-title":"Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) on chickens (Gallus gallus) from small backyard flocks in the eastern part of the Czech Republic","volume":"152","author":"Sychra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1033-4","article-title":"Biosecurity survey in relation to the risk of HPAI outbreaks in backyard poultry holdings in Thimphu city area, Bhutan","volume":"13","author":"Tenzin","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1111.050608","article-title":"Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1, Thailand, 2004","volume":"11","author":"Tiensin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491513000417","article-title":"A framework to reduce infectious disease risk from urban poultry in the United States","volume":"130","author":"Tobin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Publ. Health Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-9946201759077","article-title":"Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of thermophilic campylobacter species isolated from healthy children attending municipal care centers in Southern Ecuador","volume":"59","author":"Toledo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2246","article-title":"Zoonotic potential of Newcastle disease virus: old and novel perspectives related to public health","volume":"32","author":"Ul-Rahman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0043","unstructured":"Legislative Decree 2006, n.158. https:\/\/www.parlamento.it\/parlam\/leggi\/deleghe\/06158dl.htm (accessed July 15, 2023)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0058","unstructured":"NPIP. 2023. History https:\/\/www.poultryimprovement.org\/default.cfm (accessed March 24, 2023)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0070","unstructured":"Real Decreto 637, de 27 de julio 2021. 2021. BOE n\u00fam. 179:90724\u201390759. https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/doc.php?id=BOE-A-2021-12609 (accessed November 30, 2023)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0073","unstructured":"Sato, Y., and P. S. Wakenell. 2022. Common infectious diseases in backyard poultry. MERCK MANUAL Vet. Manual :1\u20136 https:\/\/www.merckvetmanual.com\/exotic-and-laboratory-animals\/backyard-poultry\/common-infectious-diseases-in-backyard-poultry# (accessed November 3, 2023)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0088","unstructured":"USDA. 2020. USDA offers resources for new backyard poultry keepers. https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/aphis\/newsroom\/news\/sa_by_date\/sa-2020\/backyard-poultry-keeper-resources (accessed March 24, 2023)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0089","unstructured":"USDA. 2023. 2022\u20132023 confirmations of highly pathogenic avian influenza in commercial and backyard flocks. https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/aphis\/ourfocus\/animalhealth\/animal-disease-information\/avian\/avian-influenza\/hpai-2022\/2022-hpai-commercial-backyard-flocks (accessed November 3, 2023)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12254","article-title":"Backyard poultry: legislation, zoonoses and disease prevention","volume":"55","author":"Whitehead","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0091","unstructured":"WOAH. 2023. What is Newcastle disease? https:\/\/www.woah.org\/en\/disease\/newcastle-disease (accessed April 10, 2023)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1080\/10495398.2021.1908316","article-title":"Insights on Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae infection in poultry: a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Yadav","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim. Biotechnol."}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579123008039?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579123008039?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T07:40:52Z","timestamp":1718782852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0032579123008039"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0032579123008039"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Backyard poultry: exploring non-intensive production systems","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103284","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103284"}}