{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T03:01:32Z","timestamp":1793156492237,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012165","name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD1800301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1800301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T08:45:17Z","timestamp":1773391517000},"page":"106768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Lactobacillus salivarius D5 improves growth performance and immune function in broilers by reducing Escherichia coli abundance and regulating the gut microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Yingting","family":"You","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonglong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deshi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizhen","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilin","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiujing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naiji","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zutao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0171-9693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuncai","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2017.01.041","article-title":"Characterization of potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from camel milk","volume":"79","author":"Abushelaibi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lebensm. Wiss. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.737720","article-title":"Occurrence of colibacillosis in broilers and its relationship with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) population structure and molecular characteristics","volume":"8","author":"Apostolakos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-019-09753-z","article-title":"Intestinal gene expressions in broiler chickens infected with Escherichia coli and dietary supplemented with probiotic, acidifier and synbiotic","volume":"43","author":"Ateya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14303","article-title":"Impact of single and mixed infections with Escherichia coli and Mycoplasma gallisepticum on Newcastle disease virus vaccine performance in broiler chickens: an in vivo perspective","volume":"127","author":"Awad","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.548492","article-title":"Escherichia coli as a multifaceted pathogenic and versatile bacterium","volume":"10","author":"Braz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0261-1","article-title":"Rethinking mucosal antibody responses: IgM, IgG and IgD join IgA","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex359","article-title":"The gastrointestinal microbiome and its association with the control of pathogens in broiler chicken production: a review","volume":"97","author":"Clavijo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-022-00776-2","article-title":"Dietary organic acids ameliorate high stocking density stress-induced intestinal inflammation through the restoration of intestinal microbiota in broilers","volume":"13","author":"Dai","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7100374","article-title":"Microbiota, gut health and chicken productivity: what is the connection?","volume":"7","author":"Diaz Carrasco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microorganisms."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00645","article-title":"Extractable bacterial surface proteins in probiotic-host interaction","volume":"9","author":"Do Carmo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1542059","article-title":"Effects of high stocking density on the growth performance, intestinal health and bile salts composition of broiler chickens","volume":"16","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2023.03.005","article-title":"Poultry gut health and beyond","volume":"13","author":"Ducatelle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.2205.05041","article-title":"The functional roles of Lactobacillus acidophilus in different physiological and pathological processes","volume":"32","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9030107","article-title":"Effect of heat stress and stocking density on growth performance, breast meat quality, and intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens","volume":"9","author":"Goo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.05.013","article-title":"A single strain of Clostridium butyricum induces intestinal IL-10-producing macrophages to suppress acute experimental colitis in mice","volume":"13","author":"Hayashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Host. Microbe"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13233887","article-title":"The bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria and the promising applications in promoting gastrointestinal health","volume":"13","author":"Ismael","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.595535","article-title":"Immunoglobulin M in health and diseases: how far have we come and what next?","volume":"11","author":"Jones","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12563","article-title":"The intestinal microbiota: antibiotics, colonization resistance, and enteric pathogens","volume":"279","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01824-18","article-title":"Resistance and virulence mechanisms of Escherichia coli selected by enrofloxacin in chicken","volume":"63","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2021.1875796","article-title":"Blautia-a new functional genus with potential probiotic properties?","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut. Microbes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02724-8","article-title":"Probiotic consumption influences universal adaptive mutations in indigenous human and mouse gut microbiota","volume":"4","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0843-z","article-title":"Investigation of Streptococcus salivarius-mediated inhibition of pneumococcal adherence to pharyngeal epithelial cells","volume":"16","author":"Manning","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12010184","article-title":"Probiotics mechanism of action on immune cells and beneficial effects on human health","volume":"12","author":"Mazziotta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex332","article-title":"Differences in intestinal size, structure, and function contributing to feed efficiency in broiler chickens reared at geographically distant locations","volume":"97","author":"Metzler-Zebeli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.03.020","article-title":"IL-10 Family Cytokines IL-10 and IL-22: from basic science to clinical translation","volume":"50","author":"Ouyang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0501-9","article-title":"Microbial diversity and community composition of caecal microbiota in commercial and indigenous Indian chickens determined using 16s rDNA amplicon sequencing","volume":"6","author":"Pandit","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00906","article-title":"The genus alistipes: gut bacteria with emerging implications to inflammation, cancer, and mental health","volume":"11","author":"Parker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11102795","article-title":"Nutrition and Digestive physiology of the Broiler Chick: state of the art and outlook","volume":"11","author":"Ravindran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.AME-0014-2020","article-title":"Distinguishing pathovars from nonpathovars: escherichia coli","volume":"8","author":"Riley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1240267","article-title":"An insight into the functional alterations in the gut microbiome of healthy adults in response to a multi-strain probiotic intake: a single arm open label trial","volume":"13","author":"Rodenes-Gavidia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/lifemeta\/loae011","article-title":"Interleukin-10 suppresses lipid metabolism-mediated intestinal inflammation","volume":"3","author":"Ryan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-020-01846-7","article-title":"Adhesion, anti-adhesion and aggregation properties relating to surface charges of selected Lactobacillus strains: study in Caco-2 and H357 cells","volume":"202","author":"Sophatha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2010.0008","article-title":"The influence of probiotic Enterococcus faecium strain L5 on the microbiota and cytokines expression in rats with dysbiosis induced by antibiotics","volume":"1","author":"Tarasova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Benef. Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.869538","article-title":"Dose-dependent impact of enrofloxacin on broiler chicken gut resistome is mitigated by synbiotic application","volume":"13","author":"Temmerman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.25.0002","article-title":"Common factors and nutrients affecting intestinal villus height-A review","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anim. Biosci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105005","article-title":"Chlorogenic acid mitigates avian pathogenic Escherichia coli-induced intestinal barrier damage in broiler chickens via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects","volume":"104","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11051279","article-title":"Weaning induced gut dysfunction and nutritional interventions in nursery pigs: A Partial Review","volume":"11","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8030354","article-title":"In vitro probiotic potential and safety evaluation (Hemolytic, Cytotoxic Activity) of bifidobacterium strains isolated from raw camel milk","volume":"8","author":"Yasmin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-025-01233-6","article-title":"Recent advances in the application of microbiota transplantation in chickens","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.712226","article-title":"The spatial and temporal characterization of gut microbiota in broilers","volume":"8","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0041","article-title":"Supplemental probiotics, postbiotics, and their combination on the growth, slaughter variables, organ development, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota of broilers","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Probiot. Antimicrob. Proteins"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2022.100474","article-title":"Bacillus subtilis inhibits intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress by regulating gut flora and related metabolites in laying hens","volume":"16","author":"Zou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animal"}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579126003950?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579126003950?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:02:16Z","timestamp":1782601336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0032579126003950"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0032579126003950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lactobacillus salivarius D5 improves growth performance and immune function in broilers by reducing Escherichia coli abundance and regulating the gut microbiota","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2026.106768","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106768"}}