{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T15:04:59Z","timestamp":1789571099935,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010038","name":"Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011798","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CARS-41-11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-41-11"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011798","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Poultry Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T22:00:04Z","timestamp":1781474404000},"page":"107297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interplay between dietary crude protein level and starch structure: Production performance and amino acid utilization of geese"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Xucheng","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyuan","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1017\/S004393391500272X","article-title":"Nutritional requirements and feed management of meat type ducks","volume":"72","author":"Ba\u00e9za","year":"2016","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci. J."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910318","article-title":"Serum albumin in health and disease: esterase, antioxidant, transporting and signaling properties","volume":"22","author":"Belinskaia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103041","article-title":"Effect of reduced crude protein diets supplemented with free limiting amino acids on body weight, carcass yield, and breast meat quality in broiler chickens","volume":"102","author":"Benahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27462S","article-title":"Metabolism and functions of l-glutamate in the epithelial cells of the small and large intestines","volume":"90","author":"Blachier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103067","article-title":"Assessment of nucleic acid content, amino acid profile, carcass, and meat quality of Thai native chicken","volume":"102","author":"Chaiwang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0006","first-page":"26","article-title":"Determination of the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of three common protein feed ingredients in wanxi white goose","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ani. Husb. Feed Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib41","series-title":"Performance terminology and measurements for poultry. NY\/T 823-2020","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1360312","article-title":"Stimulation of muscle protein synthesis with low-dose amino acid composition in older individuals","volume":"11","author":"Church","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12082","article-title":"Changes in tissue free amino acid pools in growing chickens fed thermally treated vetch diets","volume":"98","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-F\u00edgares","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2013.13702","article-title":"Nutritional factors affecting abdominal fat deposition in poultry: a review","volume":"27","author":"Fouad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2020.01.002","article-title":"Capping dietary starch: protein ratios in moderately reduced crude protein, wheat-based diets showed promise but further reductions generated inferior growth performance in broiler chickens","volume":"6","author":"Greenhalgh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advnut.2024.100332","article-title":"Effects of varying protein amounts and types on diet-induced thermogenesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Guarneiri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-020-02439-5","article-title":"Glucose transporters in the small intestine in health and disease","volume":"472","author":"Koepsell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch. Eur. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.102140","article-title":"Understanding the interactive effects of dietary leucine with isoleucine and valine in the modern commercial broiler","volume":"101","author":"Kriseldi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101208","article-title":"Effect of different types of sugar on gut physiology and microbiota in overfed goose","volume":"100","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2024.11.004","article-title":"Different starch sources and amino acid levels on growth performance, starch and amino acids digestion, absorption and metabolism of 0-to 3-week-old broilers fed low protein diet","volume":"20","author":"Luo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114521002087","article-title":"Dietary amylose: amylopectin ratio influences the expression of amino acid transporters and enzyme activities for amino acid metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract of goats","volume":"127","author":"Lv","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13338","article-title":"Effects of dietary amylose\/amylopectin ratio and amylase on growth performance, energy and starch digestibility, and digestive enzymes in broilers","volume":"104","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japr.2022.100241","article-title":"Interactions of the branched-chain amino acids. 2. Practical adjustments in valine and isoleucine","volume":"31","author":"Maynard","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.126609","article-title":"Amylose and amylopectin functionality during storage of bread prepared from flour of wheat containing unique starches","volume":"320","author":"Nivelle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105963","article-title":"Modulation of the growth performance, amino acid digestibility, and jejunal integrity of broiler chickens by dietary inclusion of raw potato starch or high-amylose corn starch in a mixed-Eimeria challenge model","volume":"104","author":"Oluseyifunmi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.08.053","article-title":"High leucine levels affecting valine and isoleucine recommendations in low-protein diets for broiler chickens","volume":"99","author":"Ospina-Rojas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-015-1925-1","article-title":"Optimal excitation and emission wavelengths to analyze amino acids and optimize neurotransmitters quantification using precolumn OPA-derivatization by HPLC","volume":"47","author":"Perucho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3382\/japr\/pfy026","article-title":"The relevance of starch and protein digestive dynamics in poultry","volume":"28","author":"Selle","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-8401(95)00916-7","article-title":"Determination of titanium dioxide added as an inert marker in chicken digestibility studies","volume":"59","author":"Short","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19890014","article-title":"N.utrition of domestic geese","volume":"48","author":"Stevenson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13091476","article-title":"Effects of feeding low protein diets with different energy-to-protein ratios on performance, carcass characteristics, and nitrogen excretion of broilers","volume":"13","author":"Strifler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s13593-016-0398-2","article-title":"Breeding for efficiency in the broiler chicken: a review","volume":"36","author":"Tallentire","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agron. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0030","series-title":"Study of the Early Growth and Development on Jiangnan White goose. [Master Degree Thesis Dissertation]","author":"Wan","year":"2021"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13092179","article-title":"Amino acid balanced compound low-protein diets improve resource efficiency in Sanhua goose production: impacts on metabolism, gut health, and microbial diversity","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.104476","article-title":"Optimizing low-protein diets with edible dock powder: integrated effects on growth performance, slaughter quality, organ weights, muscle quality, and cecal microbiota in growing Sanhua geese","volume":"103","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Poul. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxab305","volume":"152","author":"Weijzen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0034","series-title":"Principles of Animal Nutrition","author":"Wu","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16020189","article-title":"Dietary amylose\/amylopectin ratio modulated growth performance, intestinal health, and lipid metabolism in Goslings Fed low-protein diets","volume":"16","author":"Xing","year":"2026","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.102362","article-title":"Effects of different dietary starch sources on growth and glucose metabolism of geese","volume":"102","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2020.114661","article-title":"Effects of dietary resistant potato starch inclusion and stocking density on growth performance, feather condition, and skin inflammatory cytokine gene expression in Pekin ducks","volume":"269","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7224","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-51748-1","article-title":"Molecular basis of inhibition of the amino acid transporter B0AT1 (SLC6A19)","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12070630","article-title":"Starch digestion characteristics of different Starch sources and their effects on goslings\u2019 Apparent nutrient utilization","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297_bib0040","first-page":"15","article-title":"Influence of starch sources and dietary protein levels on intestinal functionality and intestinal mucosal amino acids catabolism in broiler chickens","volume":"10","author":"Yin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechno."}],"container-title":["Poultry Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579126009284?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0032579126009284?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:35:17Z","timestamp":1789569317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0032579126009284"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0032579126009284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Interplay between dietary crude protein level and starch structure: Production performance and amino acid utilization of geese","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Poultry Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psj.2026.107297","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107297"}}